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1.
Sci. agric. ; 73(6): 525-534, 2016. tab, mapas
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-684154

ABSTRACT

Soil bulk density (b) data are needed for a wide range of environmental studies. However, b is rarely reported in soil surveys. An alternative to obtain b for data-scarce regions, such as the Rio Doce basin in southeastern Brazil, is indirect estimation from less costly covariates using pedotransfer functions (PTF). This study primarily aims to develop region-specific PTFs for b using multiple linear regressions (MLR) and random forests (RF). Secondly, it assessed the accuracy of PTFs for data grouped into soil horizons and soil classes. For that purpose, we compared the performance of PTFs compiled from the literature with those developed here. Two groups of data were evaluated as covariates: 1) readily available soil properties and 2) maps derived from a digital elevation model and MODIS satellite imagery, jointly with lithological and pedological maps. The MLR model was applied step-wise to select significant predictors and its accuracy assessed by means of cross-validation. The PTFs developed using all data estimated b from soil properties by MLR and RF, with R2 of 0.41 and 0.51, respectively. Alternatively, using environmental covariates, RF predicted b with R2 of 0.41. Grouping criteria did not lead to a significant increase in the estimates of b. The accuracy of the regional PTFs developed for this study was greater than that found with the compiled PTFs. The best PTF will be firstly used to assess soil carbon stocks and changes in the Rio Doce basin.(AU)


Subject(s)
Soil Characteristics , Soil Analysis , Forecasting , Soil , Models, Statistical , Forests
2.
Sci. agric ; 73(6): 525-534, 2016. tab, map
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1497604

ABSTRACT

Soil bulk density (b) data are needed for a wide range of environmental studies. However, b is rarely reported in soil surveys. An alternative to obtain b for data-scarce regions, such as the Rio Doce basin in southeastern Brazil, is indirect estimation from less costly covariates using pedotransfer functions (PTF). This study primarily aims to develop region-specific PTFs for b using multiple linear regressions (MLR) and random forests (RF). Secondly, it assessed the accuracy of PTFs for data grouped into soil horizons and soil classes. For that purpose, we compared the performance of PTFs compiled from the literature with those developed here. Two groups of data were evaluated as covariates: 1) readily available soil properties and 2) maps derived from a digital elevation model and MODIS satellite imagery, jointly with lithological and pedological maps. The MLR model was applied step-wise to select significant predictors and its accuracy assessed by means of cross-validation. The PTFs developed using all data estimated b from soil properties by MLR and RF, with R2 of 0.41 and 0.51, respectively. Alternatively, using environmental covariates, RF predicted b with R2 of 0.41. Grouping criteria did not lead to a significant increase in the estimates of b. The accuracy of the regional PTFs developed for this study was greater than that found with the compiled PTFs. The best PTF will be firstly used to assess soil carbon stocks and changes in the Rio Doce basin.


Subject(s)
Soil Analysis , Soil Characteristics , Forecasting , Forests , Models, Statistical , Soil
3.
Rev. mal-estar subj ; 11(4): 1491-1520, dez. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-60674

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou analisar a influência do exame ultrassonográfico na representação psí-quica do bebê imaginado em mulheres que engravidaram pela primeira vez. O mundo repre-sentacional desempenha um importante papel na determinação da natureza do relacionamento dos pais com o bebê. Para este autor convém pensar em dois mundos paralelos: o mundo externo real e o mundo das representações, imaginário e subjetivo, onde existem o bebê real no ventre ou nos braços da mãe e o bebê imaginado em sua mente. O confronto do bebê imaginário com o bebê real, via de regra, acontece após o nascimento, porém atualmente com o advento da ultrassonografia obstétrica, alguns aspectos concretos do bebê podem ser reconhecidos durante a gestação. Os dados apresentados neste estudo de cunho qualitativo consistem no relato de três primigestas que não haviam se submetido à ultrassonografia antes do contato para a participação nesta pesquisa. Foram realizadas duas entrevistas com as participantes: uma anterior e outra posterior ao exame. Com base em teóricos psicanalíticos, foram analisados os relatos das grávidas relacionados ao bebê imaginado e a influencia da ultrassonografia sobre o exercício imaginativo das mulheres acerca do futuro filho, uma vez que o exame pode revelar alguns aspectos concretos do bebê durante a gestação. Entre outros achados observou-se que a ultrassonografia introduz uma nova temporalidade à gravidez, permitindo reformulações em suas representações e uma aproximação com o bebê real.(AU)


The aim of this is study is to analyze the influence of ultrasound test in the mental representation of the imagined baby in women who became pregnant for the first time. The representational world plays an important role in determining the nature of the parents' relationship with the baby. For the author is important to think of two parallel worlds: the external real world and the representational subjective world of ideas and imagery, where there is the real baby in the womb or in the mother's arms and the baby pictured in her mind. The comparison of the imaginary baby with the real baby, usually happens after birth, but now with the advent of obstetric ultrasound, some specific aspects of the baby may be recognized during pregnancy. The data presented in this study, of a qualitative nature, consisted of three first-time mothers' reports that had not undergone ultrasound tests before contact for participation in research. There were two interviews: one before and another after the ultrasound test. Based on psychoanalytic theory, we analyzed the reports of the pregnant women related to the imaginary baby and the influence of ultrasound on their imaginative exercise about the future child, since the examination can reveal some specific aspects of the baby during pregnancy. Among other findings results showed that ultrasound introduces a new temporality to pregnancy, allowing reformulations in their representations and a rapprochement with the real baby.(AU)


Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia del examen ultrasonográfico en la repre-sentación psíquica del bebé imaginado para casos de madres primerizas. El mundo represen-tacional desempeña un importante papel en la determinación de la naturaleza de la relación de los padres con el bebé. Para este autor, conviene pensar en dos mundos paralelos: el mundo externo real y el mundo de las representaciones, imaginario y subjetivo, en los que existen el bebé real en el vientre o los brazos de la madre, y el bebé imaginado en su mente. La confron-tación del bebé imaginario con el real ocurre generalmente después de su nacimiento, pero actualmente con el avance de la ultrasonografía obstrética, algunos aspectos concretos del bebé se pueden reconocer durante la gestación. La información presentada en este estudio de carácter cualitativo consiste en el relato de tres primerizas que no habían sido sometidas a ultrasonografía antes del contacto para la participación en la pesquisa. Fueron realizadas dos entrevistas con las participantes: una anterior y otra posterior al examen. Basándose en la teoría psicoanalítica, fueron analizados los relatos de las mujeres embarazadas referentes al bebé imaginado y la influencia de la ultrasonografía sobre el ejercicio imaginativo acerca de su futuro hijo, una vez que el examen pudiera revelar algunos aspectos concretos del bebé durante la gestación. Entre otros, se observó que la ultrasonografía introduce una nueva temporalidad a la gravidez, permitiendo reformulaciones en sus representaciones y una aproximación con el bebé real.(AU)


Cette étude a pour but analyser l'influence de l'échographie dans la représentation psychique du bébé imaginé par les femmes qui tombent enceintes pour la première fois. La représentation du monde joue un rôle important dans la détermination de la nature de la relation des parents avec le bébé. Pour cet auteur il existe deux mondes parallèles : le monde extérieur et le monde réel des instances, imaginaire est subjective, où il y a le vrai bébé dans l'utérus ou dans les bras de la mère et le bébé imaginé dans son esprit. La confrontation des bébés imaginaires avec le bébé réel, se fait toute fois après la naissance, mais aujourd'hui, avec l'avènement de l'échographie obstétricale, certains aspects spécifiques de l'enfant peuvent être reconnu au cours de la grossesse. Les données présentées dans cette étude sont de nature qualitative se composent des rapports des trois primigestes qui n'ont pas participé à l'examen ultrasonographique avant le contacte pour la participation à la recherche. Deux entretient on été réalisé avec les participants: une antérieure et l'autre après l'examen. Basé sur des approches théoriques et psychanalytiques, les rapports des femmes enceintes sur leur bébés imaginaires ont été analyse, ainsi que l'influence de l'échographie médicale en ce que concerne à l'exercice d'imagination des femmes sur le futur de l'enfant, étant donné que l'examen peut révéler certains aspects spécifiques du bébé pendant la grossesse. Parmi les autres conclusions, il a été remarqué que l'examen ultrasonographique introduit une nouvelle temporalité à la grossesse, permettant des reformulations aux représentations ainsi qu' un rapprochement avec le bébé réel.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Ultrasonography/psychology , Pregnancy , Parenting/psychology
4.
Rev. mal-estar subj ; 11(4): 1491-1520, dez. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-695897

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou analisar a influência do exame ultrassonográfico na representação psí-quica do bebê imaginado em mulheres que engravidaram pela primeira vez. O mundo repre-sentacional desempenha um importante papel na determinação da natureza do relacionamento dos pais com o bebê. Para este autor convém pensar em dois mundos paralelos: o mundo externo real e o mundo das representações, imaginário e subjetivo, onde existem o bebê real no ventre ou nos braços da mãe e o bebê imaginado em sua mente. O confronto do bebê imaginário com o bebê real, via de regra, acontece após o nascimento, porém atualmente com o advento da ultrassonografia obstétrica, alguns aspectos concretos do bebê podem ser reconhecidos durante a gestação. Os dados apresentados neste estudo de cunho qualitativo consistem no relato de três primigestas que não haviam se submetido à ultrassonografia antes do contato para a participação nesta pesquisa....


The aim of this is study is to analyze the influence of ultrasound test in the mental representation of the imagined baby in women who became pregnant for the first time. The representational world plays an important role in determining the nature of the parents' relationship with the baby. For the author is important to think of two parallel worlds: the external real world and the representational subjective world of ideas and imagery, where there is the real baby in the womb or in the mother's arms and the baby pictured in her mind. The comparison of the imaginary baby with the real baby, usually happens after birth, but now with the advent of obstetric ultrasound, some specific aspects of the baby may be recognized during pregnancy...


Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la influencia del examen ultrasonográfico en la repre-sentación psíquica del bebé imaginado para casos de madres primerizas. El mundo represen-tacional desempeña un importante papel en la determinación de la naturaleza de la relación de los padres con el bebé. Para este autor, conviene pensar en dos mundos paralelos: el mundo externo real y el mundo de las representaciones, imaginario y subjetivo, en los que existen el bebé real en el vientre o los brazos de la madre, y el bebé imaginado en su mente. La confron-tación del bebé imaginario con el real ocurre generalmente después de su nacimiento, pero actualmente con el avance de la ultrasonografía obstrética, algunos aspectos concretos del bebé se pueden reconocer durante la gestación...


Cette étude a pour but analyser l'influence de l'échographie dans la représentation psychique du bébé imaginé par les femmes qui tombent enceintes pour la première fois. La représentation du monde joue un rôle important dans la détermination de la nature de la relation des parents avec le bébé. Pour cet auteur il existe deux mondes parallèles : le monde extérieur et le monde réel des instances, imaginaire est subjective, où il y a le vrai bébé dans l'utérus ou dans les bras de la mère et le bébé imaginé dans son esprit. La confrontation des bébés imaginaires avec le bébé réel, se fait toute fois après la naissance, mais aujourd'hui, avec l'avènement de l'échographie obstétricale, certains aspects spécifiques de l'enfant peuvent être reconnu au cours de la grossesse. Les données présentées dans cette étude sont de nature qualitative se composent des rapports des trois primigestes qui n'ont pas participé à l'examen ultrasonographique avant le contacte pour la participation à la recherche...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Parenting/psychology , Ultrasonography/psychology
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