Asymptomatic Neurosyphilis in HIV infected patients at a Brazilian HIV and AIDS specialized service: a cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis co-infected patients are not diagnosed, which may evolve into asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS). We studied the occurrence of ANS an HIV-infected population. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from patients co-infected with HIV and Treponema pallidum. Social-demographic and clinical-laboratory characteristics were studied. RESULTS: Of the 348 patients infected with HIV, 33 (9.5%) had reagent treponemic and non-treponemic tests. CSF was collected from 19 asymptomatic patients. Of these, 8 (42.1%) presented with laboratory alterations suggestive of ANS. CONCLUSION: Social-demographic and clinical-laboratory variables should be considered for the indication of CSF collection.

Asymptomatic Neurosyphilis in HIV infected patients at a Brazilian HIV and AIDS specialized service: a cross sectional study

ABSTRACT Background: Many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis co-infected patients are not diagnosed, which may evolve into asymptomatic neurosyphilis (ANS). We studied the occurrence of ANS an HIV-infected population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from patients co-infected with HIV and Treponema pallidum. Social-demographic and clinical-laboratory characteristics were studied. Results: Of the 348 patients infected with HIV, 33 (9.5%) had reagent treponemic and non-treponemic tests. CSF was collected from 19 asymptomatic patients. Of these, 8 (42.1%) presented with laboratory alterations suggestive of ANS. Conclusion: Social-demographic and clinical-laboratory variables should be considered for the indication of CSF collection.

Seasonal variation of femoral fractures in the state of São Paulo, Southeast Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of seasonality on femoral fracture incidence among people residing in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Ecological study based on a consecutive series of 216,348 reports of hospital admissions caused by femoral fractures. A Bayesian statistical model was used for time series analysis, considering the monthly average number of events of femoral fractures per day as a dependent variable. RESULTS: Among the female population, significant seasonal effects were observed only for older women, aged 60 years or more. Among younger men (aged less than 20 years) there is not a clear seasonal effect, but among the other age groups there seems to exist a higher number of cases of femoral fractures during the coldest months of the year. CONCLUSIONS: In general, more cases of fractures occur during the coldest months of the year; however, men and women have different patterns of incidence according to each age group.

Bronchiolitis Hospitalization in Southern Brazil from 2002 to 2012: A Count Time-series Approach.

INTRODUCTION: Because the antibody neutralizing respiratory syncytial virus (anti-RSV) has a short period of immunization and high cost, the identification of regions and months of highest occurrence of bronchiolitis is very important. METHODS: An Autoregressive Conditional Poisson model was constructed for count data and compared to the standard time-series Poisson regression model. RESULTS: The metropolitan area of Paraná presented the highest average occurrence from May to July. CONCLUSIONS: The constructed model presented a better fit and allowed prediction of when and where the bronchiolitis hospitalizations are distributed.

Seasonal variation of femoral fractures in the state of São Paulo, Southeast Brazil

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of seasonality on femoral fracture incidence among people residing in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Ecological study based on a consecutive series of 216,348 reports of hospital admissions caused by femoral fractures. A Bayesian statistical model was used for time series analysis, considering the monthly average number of events of femoral fractures per day as a dependent variable. RESULTS Among the female population, significant seasonal effects were observed only for older women, aged 60 years or more. Among younger men (aged less than 20 years) there is not a clear seasonal effect, but among the other age groups there seems to exist a higher number of cases of femoral fractures during the coldest months of the year. CONCLUSIONS In general, more cases of fractures occur during the coldest months of the year; however, men and women have different patterns of incidence according to each age group.

Bronchiolitis Hospitalization in Southern Brazil from 2002 to 2012: A Count Time-series Approach

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Because the antibody neutralizing respiratory syncytial virus (anti-RSV) has a short period of immunization and high cost, the identification of regions and months of highest occurrence of bronchiolitis is very important. METHODS: An Autoregressive Conditional Poisson model was constructed for count data and compared to the standard time-series Poisson regression model. RESULTS: The metropolitan area of Paraná presented the highest average occurrence from May to July. CONCLUSIONS: The constructed model presented a better fit and allowed prediction of when and where the bronchiolitis hospitalizations are distributed.

[Impact of the Brazilian Traffic Code and the Law Against Drinking and Driving on mortality from motor vehicle accidents]. / Impacto do Código de Trânsito Brasileiro e da Lei Seca na mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito.

The objective was to analyze the impact of the Brazilian Traffic Code and the Law Against Drinking and Driving on mortality from traffic accidents in the State of Paraná, Brazil, from 1980 to 2014. This was an ecological time series study on mortality from traffic accidents in residents 15 to 49 years of age, stratified by the sex, age, and categories of victims, with data from the Mortality Information System. The time trend study used a segmented linear regression model and the Cochrane-Orcutt iterative procedure. The assumption of independence of residuals was verified by correlograms and the Box-Pierce test. The highest mortality rates during the period were in males 20 to 29 years of age. After enactment of the Brazilian Traffic Code, there was a decrease of 9.69 deaths/100,000 inhabitants per year for all categories of traffic accidents (p < 0.001), 6.90 for pedestrians (p = 0.001), and 1.96 for vehicle occupants (p < 0.001). As for age bracket, the greatest impact on mortality was in pedestrians 15 to 19 years of age (p < 0.001) and all victims 20 to 29 years of age (p < 0.001). Following enactment of the Drinking and Driving Law, the data displayed variability and the trends were not significant. However, there was a decrease in overall and pedestrian mortality. The rates for motorcyclists and vehicle occupants stabilized. The results showed an impact on traffic accident mortality after enactment of the new Brazilian Traffic Code and Drinking and Driving Law, followed by an increase in the rates. The study evidenced the need for more effective enforcement and progress with public policies in order to avoid a reversal of the gains achieved.

O objetivo foi analisar o impacto do Código de Trânsito Brasileiro (CTB) e da Lei Seca na mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito no Estado do Paraná, Brasil, no período de 1980 a 2014. Estudo ecológico de séries temporais das taxas de mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito de residentes de 15 a 49 anos por sexo, idade e categorias das vítimas, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. O estudo da tendência foi realizado por meio do modelo de regressão linear segmentada e pelo procedimento iterativo de Cochrane-Orcutt. O pressuposto de independência dos resíduos foi verificado por correlogramas e teste de Box-Pierce. Em todo o período, as maiores taxas de mortalidade foram observadas para sexo masculino, motociclistas e faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos de idade. Após a implantação do CTB, houve redução de 9,69 óbitos, por ano, para todas as categorias de acidentes de trânsito (p < 0,001), de 6,90 para pedestres (p = 0,001) e de 1,96 para ocupantes de veículo (p < 0,001). Quanto à faixa de etária, o maior impacto na mortalidade foi observado de 15 a 19 anos para pedestres (p < 0,001) e entre 20 a 29 anos para todas as categorias (p < 0,001). Após a Lei Seca, os dados apresentaram variabilidade e as tendências não foram significativas. Entretanto, houve diminuição da mortalidade para a categoria geral e pedestre. Para as categorias de motociclista e veículo, houve estabilização das taxas. Os resultados mostram impacto nas taxas de mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito após a implantação do CTB e da Lei Seca, com posterior aumento destas. Evidencia-se a demanda por efetividade na fiscalização das leis e avanço nas políticas públicas para que não haja retrocesso no já realizado.

El objetivo fue analizar el impacto del Código de Tráfico Brasileño (CTB) y la Ley Seca en la mortalidad por accidentes de tráfico, en el Estado de Paraná, Brasil, durante el período de 1980 a 2014. Se trata de un estudio ecológico de series temporales sobre las tasas de mortalidad por accidentes de tráfico, de residentes de 15 a 49 años, por sexo, edad y categorías de las víctimas, con datos del Sistema de Informaciones sobre Mortalidad. El estudio de la tendencia se realizó mediante un modelo de regresión lineal segmentada y por el procedimiento interactivo de Cochrane-Orcutt. El presupuesto de independencia de los residuos se verificó mediante correlogramas y el test de Box-Pierce. Durante todo el período, las mayores tasas de mortalidad se observaron para el sexo masculino, motociclistas y una franja de edad de 20 a 29 años de edad. Tras la implantación del CTB, hubo una reducción de 9,69 óbitos por año, en todas las categorías de accidentes de tráfico (p < 0,001), de 6,90 en peatones (p = 0,001) y de 1,96 en ocupantes de vehículo (p < 0,001). En cuanto a la franja de edad, el mayor impacto en la mortalidad se observó desde los 15 a los 19 años en peatones (p < 0,001) y entre 20 a 29 años en todas las categorías (p < 0,001). Tras la Ley Seca, los datos presentaron variabilidad y las tendencias no fueron significativas. No obstante, hubo una disminución de la mortalidad en la categoría general y peatones. En las categorías de motociclista y vehículo, hubo una estabilización de las tasas. Los resultados muestran impacto en las tasas de mortalidad por accidentes de tráfico, tras la implantación del CTB y la Ley Seca, con un posterior aumento de las mismas. Se evidencia una demanda de efectividad en la fiscalización de las leyes y el avance en las políticas públicas para que no haya retroceso en lo ya realizado.

Impacto do Código de Trânsito Brasileiro e da Lei Seca na mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito / Impact of the Brazilian Traffic Code and the Law Against Drinking and Driving on mortality from motor vehicle accidents / Impacto del Código de Tráfico Brasileño y la Ley Seca en la mortalidad por accidentes de tráfico

Resumo: O objetivo foi analisar o impacto do Código de Trânsito Brasileiro (CTB) e da Lei Seca na mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito no Estado do Paraná, Brasil, no período de 1980 a 2014. Estudo ecológico de séries temporais das taxas de mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito de residentes de 15 a 49 anos por sexo, idade e categorias das vítimas, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. O estudo da tendência foi realizado por meio do modelo de regressão linear segmentada e pelo procedimento iterativo de Cochrane-Orcutt. O pressuposto de independência dos resíduos foi verificado por correlogramas e teste de Box-Pierce. Em todo o período, as maiores taxas de mortalidade foram observadas para sexo masculino, motociclistas e faixa etária de 20 a 29 anos de idade. Após a implantação do CTB, houve redução de 9,69 óbitos, por ano, para todas as categorias de acidentes de trânsito (p < 0,001), de 6,90 para pedestres (p = 0,001) e de 1,96 para ocupantes de veículo (p < 0,001). Quanto à faixa de etária, o maior impacto na mortalidade foi observado de 15 a 19 anos para pedestres (p < 0,001) e entre 20 a 29 anos para todas as categorias (p < 0,001). Após a Lei Seca, os dados apresentaram variabilidade e as tendências não foram significativas. Entretanto, houve diminuição da mortalidade para a categoria geral e pedestre. Para as categorias de motociclista e veículo, houve estabilização das taxas. Os resultados mostram impacto nas taxas de mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito após a implantação do CTB e da Lei Seca, com posterior aumento destas. Evidencia-se a demanda por efetividade na fiscalização das leis e avanço nas políticas públicas para que não haja retrocesso no já realizado.

Abstract: The objective was to analyze the impact of the Brazilian Traffic Code and the Law Against Drinking and Driving on mortality from traffic accidents in the State of Paraná, Brazil, from 1980 to 2014. This was an ecological time series study on mortality from traffic accidents in residents 15 to 49 years of age, stratified by the sex, age, and categories of victims, with data from the Mortality Information System. The time trend study used a segmented linear regression model and the Cochrane-Orcutt iterative procedure. The assumption of independence of residuals was verified by correlograms and the Box-Pierce test. The highest mortality rates during the period were in males 20 to 29 years of age. After enactment of the Brazilian Traffic Code, there was a decrease of 9.69 deaths/100,000 inhabitants per year for all categories of traffic accidents (p < 0.001), 6.90 for pedestrians (p = 0.001), and 1.96 for vehicle occupants (p < 0.001). As for age bracket, the greatest impact on mortality was in pedestrians 15 to 19 years of age (p < 0.001) and all victims 20 to 29 years of age (p < 0.001). Following enactment of the Drinking and Driving Law, the data displayed variability and the trends were not significant. However, there was a decrease in overall and pedestrian mortality. The rates for motorcyclists and vehicle occupants stabilized. The results showed an impact on traffic accident mortality after enactment of the new Brazilian Traffic Code and Drinking and Driving Law, followed by an increase in the rates. The study evidenced the need for more effective enforcement and progress with public policies in order to avoid a reversal of the gains achieved.

Resumen: El objetivo fue analizar el impacto del Código de Tráfico Brasileño (CTB) y la Ley Seca en la mortalidad por accidentes de tráfico, en el Estado de Paraná, Brasil, durante el período de 1980 a 2014. Se trata de un estudio ecológico de series temporales sobre las tasas de mortalidad por accidentes de tráfico, de residentes de 15 a 49 años, por sexo, edad y categorías de las víctimas, con datos del Sistema de Informaciones sobre Mortalidad. El estudio de la tendencia se realizó mediante un modelo de regresión lineal segmentada y por el procedimiento interactivo de Cochrane-Orcutt. El presupuesto de independencia de los residuos se verificó mediante correlogramas y el test de Box-Pierce. Durante todo el período, las mayores tasas de mortalidad se observaron para el sexo masculino, motociclistas y una franja de edad de 20 a 29 años de edad. Tras la implantación del CTB, hubo una reducción de 9,69 óbitos por año, en todas las categorías de accidentes de tráfico (p < 0,001), de 6,90 en peatones (p = 0,001) y de 1,96 en ocupantes de vehículo (p < 0,001). En cuanto a la franja de edad, el mayor impacto en la mortalidad se observó desde los 15 a los 19 años en peatones (p < 0,001) y entre 20 a 29 años en todas las categorías (p < 0,001). Tras la Ley Seca, los datos presentaron variabilidad y las tendencias no fueron significativas. No obstante, hubo una disminución de la mortalidad en la categoría general y peatones. En las categorías de motociclista y vehículo, hubo una estabilización de las tasas. Los resultados muestran impacto en las tasas de mortalidad por accidentes de tráfico, tras la implantación del CTB y la Ley Seca, con un posterior aumento de las mismas. Se evidencia una demanda de efectividad en la fiscalización de las leyes y el avance en las políticas públicas para que no haya retroceso en lo ya realizado.

Mortalidade de motociclistas em acidentes de trânsito: tendência temporal entre 1997 e 2012 / Motorcyclist mortality in traffic accidents: temporal trend between 1997 and 2012 / Mortalidad de motociclistas en accidentes de tránsito: tendencia temporal entre 1997 e 2012

O objetivo deste estudo foi o de descrever as características sociodemográficas dos motociclistas mortos em acidentes de trânsito e analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade no período de 1997 a 2012. Estudo epidemiológico da mortalidade de 320 motociclistas, residentes em Maringá, Paraná. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (Datasus). A análise de tendência foi realizada a partir do ajuste de um modelo de regressão de Poisson para séries temporais. A maioria das vítimas (85,00%) era do sexo masculino, na faixa etária entre 20 e 39 anos (62,19%), branca (78,75%), com escolaridade entre oito e 11 anos de estudo (38,75%) e solteira (62,82%). Os óbitos ocorreram com maior frequência nos hospitais (53,13%) e no momento do acidente, e apenas 16,87% dos indivíduos estavam trabalhando. Houve predomínio das colisões com automóvel/caminhonete (38,75%). Observou-se aumento progressivo de mortes de 8,2% ao ano (IC 95%: 7% - 9%). A partir do modelo estimado de tendência, a média de óbitos aumentou de 8,42, em 1997, para 34,5, em 2012. Conclui-se que esses eventos representam um grave problema de saúde pública, aumentando em todo o mundo, em proporções significativas. [AU]

The objective of this study was to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of motorcyclists killed in traffic accidents and analyze time trends in mortality from 1997 to 2012. It is an epidemiological study of the mortality of 320 motorcyclists living in Maringá, Paraná. Data were extracted from the Mortality Information System of the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian Health System (Datasus). Trend analysis was performed from the adjustment of a Poisson regression model for time series. The majority of victims (85.00%) were males, aged 20 and 39 years (62.19%), white (78.75%), with 8 to 11 years of schooling (38.75%) and single (62.82%). Deaths occurred more frequently in hospitals (53.13%) and only 16.87% of the individuals were working the time of the accident. There was a predominance of collisions with car/pickup truck (38.75%). There was a progressive increase in deaths of 8.2% per year (95% CI: 7% - 9%). From the estimated trend model, the average number of deaths increased from 8.42, in 1997, to 34.5, in 2012. These events represent a serious public health problem that has been increasing worldwide in significant proportions. [AU]

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir las características sociodemográficas de los motociclistas muertos en accidentes de tráfico y analizar la tendencia temporal de la mortalidad en el período de 1997 a 2012. Estudio epidemiológico de la mortalidad de 320 motociclistas, residentes en Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. Los datos fueron extraídos del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud (Datasus). El análisis de tendencia fue realizado a partir del ajuste de un modelo de regresión de Poisson para series temporales. La mayoría de las víctimas (85,00%) era del sexo masculino, en la franja etaria entre 20 y 39 años (62,19%), blanca (78,75%), con escolaridad entre ocho y 11 años de estudio (38,75%) y soltera (62,82%). Los óbitos ocurrieron con mayor frecuencia en los hospitales (53,13%) y en el momento del accidente, y solo 16,87% de los individuos estaban trabajando. Hubo predominio de las choques con automóvil/camioneta (38,75%). Se observó aumento progresivo de muertes de 8,2% al año (IC 95%: 7% - 9%). A partir del modelo estimado de tendencia, el promedio de óbitos aumentó de 8,42, en 1997, para 34,5 en 2012. Se concluye que estos eventos representan un grave problema de salud pública, aumentando en todo el mundo, en proporciones significativas. [AU]

Time series investigation of changes in seasonality of acute diarrhea hospitalizations before and after rotavirus vaccine in Southern Brazil.

Diarrhea by rotavirus is one of the main causes of mortality in children in developing countries, although the hospitalization rates (HR) for acute diarrhea have been found to have fallen since the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine. However, the patterns of the rotavirus are still not well understood and seasonal peaks occur throughout the year, with variations between countries and over time. The main objective of this study was to analyze the temporal behavior of HR caused by acute diarrhea in children under the age of one in the south of Brazil, between 2000 and 2011, and to explore changes in seasonality patters after the introduction of the vaccine against the rotavirus in 2006. Harmonic and multiscale wavelet analyses were used to detect seasonality and the points of change in the temporal scale. The statistical significance of each seasonality that was identified was tested using Fisher's test. The harmonic and wavelet analyses show annual seasonal and six-monthly patterns for HR, as well as a clear change after the introduction of the vaccine in 2006.

Time series investigation of changes in seasonality of acute diarrhea hospitalizations before and after rotavirus vaccine in Southern Brazil / Investigando alterações de sazonalidade nas internações por diarreia aguda antes e depois da introdução da vacina de rotavírus no Sul do Brasil / Investigando alteraciones de estacionalidad en los internamientos por diarrea aguda, antes y después de la introducción de la vacuna del rotavirus en el sur de Brasil

Abstract: Diarrhea by rotavirus is one of the main causes of mortality in children in developing countries, although the hospitalization rates (HR) for acute diarrhea have been found to have fallen since the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine. However, the patterns of the rotavirus are still not well understood and seasonal peaks occur throughout the year, with variations between countries and over time. The main objective of this study was to analyze the temporal behavior of HR caused by acute diarrhea in children under the age of one in the south of Brazil, between 2000 and 2011, and to explore changes in seasonality patters after the introduction of the vaccine against the rotavirus in 2006. Harmonic and multiscale wavelet analyses were used to detect seasonality and the points of change in the temporal scale. The statistical significance of each seasonality that was identified was tested using Fisher's test. The harmonic and wavelet analyses show annual seasonal and six-monthly patterns for HR, as well as a clear change after the introduction of the vaccine in 2006.

Resumo: A diarreia por rotavírus é uma das principais causas de mortalidade em crianças nos países em desenvolvimento, embora tenha sido observada a redução nas taxas de hospitalização (HR) por diarreias aguda desde que a vacina do rotavírus foi introduzida. A dinâmica do rotavírus, no entanto, ainda é mal compreendida e picos sazonais ocorrem durante todo o ano, com variações entre países e ao longo do tempo. O principal objetivo foi analisar o comportamento temporal das HR devido a diarreia aguda em crianças menores de um ano de idade no sul do Brasil, de 2000 a 2011, e investigar mudanças no padrão de sazonalidade após a introdução da vacina contra o rotavírus em 2006. Análises harmônica e multiescala wavelet foram utilizadas para detectar a sazonalidade e pontos de mudança na série temporal. A significância estatística de cada sazonalidade identificada foi testada pelo teste de Fisher. As análises harmônica e wavelet mostraram padrões sazonais anual e semestral das HR, bem como a nítida mudança após a introdução da vacina em 2006.

Resumen: La diarrea por rotavirus es una de las principales causas de mortalidad en niños en los países en desarrollo, aunque se haya observado una reducción en las tasas de hospitalización (HR) por diarreas agudas, desde que se introdujo la vacuna del rotavirus. La dinámica del rotavirus, no obstante, aunque está mal comprendida -y se producen picos estacionales- tiene lugar durante todo el año, con variaciones entre países y a lo largo del tiempo. El principal objetivo fue analizar el comportamiento temporal de las HR, debido a la diarrea aguda en niños menores de un año de edad en el sur de Brasil, de 2000 a 2011, e investigar cambios en el patrón de estacionalidad tras la introducción de la vacuna contra el rotavirus en 2006. Los análisis harmónico y multiescala wavelet se utilizaron para detectar la estacionalidad y puntos de cambio en la serie temporal. La significancia estadística de cada estacionalidad identificada fue testada por el test de Fisher. Los análisis harmónico y wavelet mostraron patrones estacionales anual y semestral de los HR, así como un nítido cambio tras la introducción de la vacuna en 2006.

Intervention analysis of introduction of rotavirus vaccine on hospital admissions rates due to acute diarrhea.

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of rotavirus vaccine on hospitalization rates for acute diarrhea in children younger than 5 years old after the introduction of the vaccine in 2006. A descriptive analytical observational study was carried out of the hospitalization rates occurred between 2000 and 2011 in 22 Regional Health Centers of Paraná State, Brazil. The effect of the vaccine was assessed by applying the SARIMA/Box-Jenkins time series methodology of intervention analysis, which allows verifying the slopes of the series are different after the introduction of the vaccine and estimating the magnitude of these effects for children younger than five years of age, by age group, for each region center. It was verified a statistically significant reduction by center/month on hospitalization rates for children 1 year old and younger, with averages of 47% and 58%, respectively, in December 2011.

Intervention analysis of introduction of rotavirus vaccine on hospital admissions rates due to acute diarrhea / Análise de intervenção da introdução da vacina do rotavirus nas taxas de internação hospitalar por diarreia aguda / Análisis de intervención en la introducción de la vacuna contra el rotavirus en las tasas de hospitalización por diarrea aguda

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of rotavirus vaccine on hospitalization rates for acute diarrhea in children younger than 5 years old after the introduction of the vaccine in 2006. A descriptive analytical observational study was carried out of the hospitalization rates occurred between 2000 and 2011 in 22 Regional Health Centers of Paraná State, Brazil. The effect of the vaccine was assessed by applying the SARIMA/Box-Jenkins time series methodology of intervention analysis, which allows verifying the slopes of the series are different after the introduction of the vaccine and estimating the magnitude of these effects for children younger than five years of age, by age group, for each region center. It was verified a statistically significant reduction by center/month on hospitalization rates for children 1 year old and younger, with averages of 47% and 58%, respectively, in December 2011.

O objetivo desse estudo é investigar o impacto da vacina do rotavírus nas taxas de internação por diarreia aguda em crianças menores de cinco anos após a introdução da vacina em 2006. Foi realizado um estudo analítico observacional descritivo das taxas de hospitalização ocorridas entre 2000 e 2011, em 22 Centros Regionais de Saúde do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. O efeito da vacina foi avaliado por séries temporais aplicando a metodologia SARIMA/Box-Jenkins com análise da intervenção, a qual permite verificar que os declives das séries são diferentes após a introdução da vacina, bem como estimar a magnitude desses efeitos para crianças menores de cinco anos de idade, por faixa etária, para cada região. Verificou-se redução estatisticamente significativa por centro/mês nas taxas de internação por diarreia aguda para as crianças menores de 1 ano de idade e de 1 ano de idade, com médias de 47% e 58%, respectivamente, em dezembro de 2011.

El objetivo de este estudio es investigar el impacto de la vacuna contra el rotavirus en las tasas de hospitalización, relacionadas con diarrea aguda en niños menores de 5 años, después de que se introdujese la vacuna en 2006. Se trata de un estudio observacional, analítico descriptivo de las tasas de hospitalización acaecidas entre 2000 y 2011 en 22 centros regionales de salud del estado de Paraná, Brasil. El efecto de la vacuna se evaluó mediante la aplicación de la serie de tiempo SARIMA/metodología de Box-Jenkins de análisis de intervención, lo que demuestra que los declives de las series son diferentes después de la introducción de la vacuna, con el fin de estimar la magnitud de estos efectos en los niños menores 5 años de edad, por grupos de edad para cada región. Se ha encontrado una reducción estadísticamente significativa de centro/mes en las tasas de hospitalización para niños menores de 1 año de edad y de 1 año de edad, con un promedio de 47% y 58%, respectivamente, en diciembre de 2011.