Prevalence of DNA-HPV in male sexual partners of HPV-infected women and concordance of viral types in infected couples.

Investigation of HPV infection in men remains important due to its association with genital warts and anorectal cancer, as well as to the role men play in HPV transmission to their female sexual partners. Asymptomatic men (n = 43), whose sexual partners had presented cervical HPV infection, were enrolled in this study. Among the 43 men, 23 had their female partner included and tested for HPV-DNA, totaling 23 couples. HPV-DNA was detected by PCR. Type specific PCR to detect HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 and 6/11 was performed. At least one type of HPV was detected in 86.0% (37/43) of the male patients and more than one HPV type was identified in 39.5% (17/43) of the samples, including high and low risk HPV. HPV-16 proved to be the most prevalent viral type in both male and female samples. Concordance of at least one viral type was observed in 56.5% (13/23) of the couples. Among couples that have shown concordance of viral types, 84.6% (11/13) of the men had the same high risk viral type presented by the female sexual partner. These data suggest that HPV infected men is an important reservoir, contributing to a higher transmission to women and maintenance of infection, and consequently, a higher risk of developing cervical cancer. HPV vaccination in men will protect not only them but will also have implications for their sexual partners.

Detection of human papillomavirus infection in penile samples through liquid-based cytology and polymerase chain reaction.

BACKGROUND: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly related to cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. However, unlike in the case of women, there are limited data regarding HPV infection in men. Analysis of male HPV infection is frequently hindered by the lack of consistency in collection methods, sample adequacy, and low sensitivity of cytologic analysis. METHODS: The objective of the current study was to compare the results of liquid-based cytology and HPV DNA testing through polymerase chain reaction in 99 penile samples collected from men presenting with condyloma acuminate or male partners of HPV-infected women who had attended a public health service in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Classic and nonclassic cytomorphologic signs were adopted to evaluate the presence of HPV infections in penile smears. RESULTS: HPV DNA was detected in 93 (93.9%) of the 99 samples analyzed. Koilocytosis was detected in 1 smear and nonclassic signs were detected in 23 smears, 22 of which were found to be positive for HPV DNA. CONCLUSIONS: The cytopathologic detection of HPV infection in penile samples collected for liquid-based cytology is low, even when cytologic nonclassic signs are applied, and does not appear to improve the diagnosis of HPV infection in men.

Molecular detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and HPV infections in cervical samples with normal and abnormal cytopathological findings.

It has been suggested that Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and human papillomaviruses (HPV) co-infection could contribute to development of intraepithelial lesions. In this study, HPV and CT-DNA were investigated in 250 cervicovaginal samples of patients from Minas Gerais, Brazil. The cytological analysis revealed that 70% of samples (175) were negative, 5.2% (13) presented atypical squamous or glandular cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS/AGUS), 12.4% (31) presented low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 10.8% (27) high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and 1.6% (4) invasive carcinoma. HPV-DNA and HPV/CT co-infection was observed in 40% (100/250) and in 5.2% (13/250) of samples, respectively. Among the positive cytological samples, HPV-DNA was detected in 73.3% and CT-DNA in 9.33% and in 13%, if only the HPV positive samples were considered. The highest co-infection rate (15.4%) was observed among ASCUS/AGUS samples. Although a significant association was found for HPV infection and the precursor lesions of cervical cancer, it was not possible to establish a significant association between these lesions and CT or HPV/CT co-infection.