ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This case-control study aimed to investigate the association between molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and caries experience in seven- to 11-year-old children. METHODS: Children seen in a pediatric dental clinic in 2011 to 2012 and born in 2002, 2003, or 2004 were considered eligible. Children with decayed, missing, or filled teeth in the permanent dentition (DMF-T) were allocated to the case group, and those with no DMF-T were allocated to the control group. An examiner assessed MIH according to European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria and caries according to World Health Organization criteria. The odds ratio was calculated to evaluate the association between MIH and caries; the chi-square test was used to analyze the association between categorical variables, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare means. RESULTS: The final sample comprised 57 children in the case group and 98 in the control group. The groups were similar in relation to age, gender, and caries experience in the primary dentition. MIH children were 5.89 (95 percent confidence interval equals 2.69 to 12.86; P<0.05) times more likely to have a DMF-T greater than zero. CONCLUSIONS: Children with decayed, missing, or filled permanent teeth are more likely to have MIH.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries/epidemiology , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/epidemiology , Dental Restoration, Permanent , Tooth Loss/epidemiology , Brazil , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Child , Dental Caries/etiology , Dental Caries Susceptibility , Dental Clinics , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/complications , Female , Humans , Odds Ratio , Pediatric Dentistry , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tooth Loss/etiologyABSTRACT
This study assessed the interexaminer and intra-examiner reliability of the Nyvad caries classification system in primary teeth and calculated the mean examination time. The criteria were based on visual and tactile examinations to differentiate active and inactive lesions at cavitated and non-cavitated levels. Eighty children (3-7 yr of age) were examined under standardized conditions by calibrated examiners. At the tooth surface level, reliability was expressed as percentage agreement and kappa coefficient, using four diagnostic thresholds: sound vs. diseased; sound or inactive lesion vs. active lesion; intact surface vs. surface discontinuity; and sound or non-cavitated lesion vs. cavitated lesion. Interexaminer and intra-examiner kappa values were, respectively: 0.82/0.86; 0.80/0.86; 0.90/0.94; and 0.95/0.98. At the individual level, reliability of estimates of the caries prevalence and of the decayed or filled surface (dfs) counts were assessed at three diagnostic thresholds: sound vs. diseased; sound or inactive lesion vs. active lesion; and sound or non-cavitated lesion vs. cavitated lesion. For caries prevalence, interexaminer and intra-examiner kappa values were, respectively: 0.84/0.94; 0.69/0.74; and 0.95/0.97. The mean examination time was 226.5s (SD = 128.5). The use of the Nyvad caries diagnostic criteria in primary teeth showed reliable results. The examination time was acceptable.
