ABSTRACT
Since 1970, when the lifelong monotherapy with dapsone (DDS) in leprosy could be replaced by short-term combination therapy with rifampicin + isoniazid + protionamide + DDS (Isoprodian-RMP), chemotherapeutic research was faced with two problems: (1) to find alternative treatment regimens for cases of intolerance, and (2) to work out forms of therapy allowing a further reduction of the average treatment time of 2 years. The present paper describes the attempts made to find solutions to these problems. With two new combinations, alternatives have become available, and the average treatment time is shortened to 6 months. Both combinations are also effective in tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Isonicotinic Acids/therapeutic use , Leprosy/drug therapy , Prothionamide/therapeutic use , Sulfamethoxazole/therapeutic use , Trimethoprim/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Humans , Isoniazid/administration & dosage , Prothionamide/administration & dosage , Sulfamethoxazole/administration & dosage , Trimethoprim/administration & dosageABSTRACT
In the present paper the 'serial combinations' (components of the combination offered separately), as used in conventional combination therapy, are compared with the 'integrated complex combination' (offered as fixed combinations). So far, three combinations have been worked out on the basis of this concept (RMP + SMZ + TMP + INH; RMP + SMZ + TMP + PTH; RMP + INH + PTH + DDS). They allow successful treatment of almost all mycobacterial infections and diseases (including tuberculosis and leprosy) and a number of infections caused by gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms and by Pneumocystis carinii.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Drug Therapy, Combination/therapeutic use , Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Humans , Mycobacterium Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
The antibacterial effect of 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-piperazine-1-ylquinoline++ + 3-carboxylic acid (ciprofloxacin, Bay o 9867) has been tested using different test systems and various strains, especially of Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium and Salmonella. Ciprofloxacin shows low MIC's against most of the tested strains. The high in vitro and in vivo activity against Salmonella is most promising for cure of salmonellosis.
