ABSTRACT
In Jamaican children with homozygous sickle cell (SS) disease diagnosed at birth two-year survival was 87%, compared with 95% in children with sickle cell-haemoglobin C (CS) disease, and 99% in normal controls. Death among those with SS disease occurred most often between the ages of 6 and 12 months. Principal causes were acute splenic sequestration and pneumococcal infection. Neonatal diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies must be followed by close observation if mortality is to be reduced by early diagnosis and treatment of these complications.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell/mortality , Hemoglobin C Disease/mortality , Age Factors , Anemia, Sickle Cell/diagnosis , Child, Preschool , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis , Jamaica , Pneumococcal Infections/mortalityABSTRACT
Damage to the trachea produced in dogs by large and small residual volume cuffs during 6 h of IPPV was compared using a specially designed endotracheal tube. The cuffs under evaluation were adjusted to exert similar average pressures on the tracheal wall, so that many of the variables believed responsible for tracheal injury were controlled. The true compliance of the cuff was measured with the tube inside and outside the trachea of the anaesthetized dogs. The maximum estimated pressure transmitted to the tracheal wall, derived from these compliance curves, was found to equal the peak airway pressure in the presence of a small air leak past each cuff. At various tracheal wall pressures there were only very minor differences in tracheal damage between the large and small residual volume cuffs tested.
