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1.
medRxiv ; 2024 Feb 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38370791

ABSTRACT

In this article, we delineate a loosely selected cohort comprising patients with a history of early-onset breast cancer and/or a familial occurrence of cancer. The aim of this study was to gain insights into the presence of breast cancer-related gene variants in a population from a micro-region in southern Brazil, specifically the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba. This area exhibits a highly genetically mixed population, mirroring the general characteristics of the Brazilian people. Comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) multigene panel testing was conducted, involving the evaluation of twelve patients. Two pathogenic variants and one candidate pathogenic variant were identified: BRCA2:c.8878C>T, p.Gln2960Ter; CHEK2:c.1100delAG>A, p.Thr367Metfs*15 and BRCA2:c.3482dupG>GA, p.Asp1161Glufs*3, a novel variant, previously unpublished, is reported.

2.
J Proteomics ; 285: 104955, 2023 08 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37390896

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The actual classification of breast tumors in subtypes represents an attempt to stratify patients into clinically cohesive groups, nevertheless, clinicians still lack reproducible and reliable protein biomarkers for breast cancer subtype discrimination. In this study, we aimed to access the differentially expressed proteins between these tumors and its biological implications, contributing to the subtype's biological and clinical characterization, and with protein panels for subtype discrimination. METHODS: In our study, we applied high-throughput mass spectrometry, bioinformatic, and machine learning approaches to investigate the proteome of different breast cancer subtypes. RESULTS: We identified that each subtype depends on different protein expression patterns to sustain its malignancy, and also alterations in pathways and processes that can be associated with each subtype and its biological and clinical behaviors. Regarding subtype biomarkers, our panels achieved performances with at least 75% of sensibility and 92% of specificity. In the validation cohort, the panels obtained acceptable to outstanding performances (AUC = 0.740 to 1.00). CONCLUSIONS: In general, our results expand the accuracy of breast cancer subtypes' proteomic landscape and improve the understanding of its biological heterogeneity. In addition, we identified potential protein biomarkers for the stratification of breast cancer patients, improving the repertoire of reliable protein biomarkers. SIGNIFICANCE: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer type worldwide and the most lethal cancer in women. As a heterogeneous disease, breast cancer tumors can be classified into four major subtypes, each presenting particular molecular alterations, clinical behaviors, and treatment responses. Thus, a pivotal step in patient management and clinical decisions is accurately classifying breast tumor subtypes. Currently, this classification is made by the immunohistochemical detection of four classical markers (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2 receptor, and the Ki-67 index); however, it is known that these markers alone do not fully discriminate the breast tumor subtypes. Also, the poor understanding of the molecular alterations of each subtype leads to a challenging decision-making process regarding treatment choice and prognostic determination. This study, through high-throughput label-free mass-spectrometry data acquisition and downstream bioinformatic analysis, advances in the proteomic discrimination of breast tumors and achieves an in-depth characterization of the subtype's proteomes. Here, we indicate how the variations in the subtype's proteome can influence the tumor's biological and clinical differences, highlighting the variation in the expression pattern of oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins between subtypes. Also, through our machine-learning approach, we propose multi-protein panels with the potential to discriminate the breast cancer subtypes. Our panels achieved high classification performance in our cohort and in the independent validation cohort, demonstrating their potential to improve the current tumor discrimination system as complements to the classical immunohistochemical classification.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Proteome/metabolism , Proteomics/methods , Biomarkers , Mass Spectrometry , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
3.
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet ; 43(9): 690-698, 2021 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34670304

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Infection and exposure of the implant are some of the most common and concerning complications after implant-based breast reconstruction. Currently, there is no consensus on the management of these complications. The aim of the present study was to review our cases and to present a clinical protocol. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of consecutive patients submitted to implant-based breast reconstruction between 2014 and 2016. All patients were managed according to a specific and structured protocol. RESULTS: Implant exposure occurred in 33 out of 277 (11.9%) implant-based reconstructions. Among these, two patients had history of radiotherapy and had their implant removed; Delayed reconstruction with a myocutaneous flap was performed in both cases. Signs of severe local infection were observed in 12 patients, and another 5 presented with extensive tissue necrosis, and they were all submitted to implant removal; of them, 8 underwent reconstruction with a tissue expander, and 2, with a myocutaneous flap. The remaining 14 patients had no signs of severe infection, previous irradiation or extensive tissue necrosis, and were submitted to primary suture as an attempt to salvage the implant. Of these, 8 cases (57.1%) managed to keep the original implant. CONCLUSION: Our clinical protocol is based on three key points: history of radiotherapy, severe infection, and extensive tissue necrosis. It is a practical and potentially-reproducible method of managing one of the most common complications of implant-based breast reconstruction.


OBJECTIVO: Infecção e exposição da prótese são algumas das complicações mais comuns e preocupantes após reconstrução da mama com implantes. Atualmente, ainda não há consenso quanto ao manejo destas complicações. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de revisar os casos da nossa instituição e apresentar um protocolo clínico. MéTODOS: Realizou-se uma revisão retrospectiva de todos os casos consecutivos submetidos a reconstrução mamária imediata com prótese entre 2014 e 2016. Todos os casos foram conduzidos de acordo com um protocolo específico e estruturado. RESULTADOS: A exposição do implante ocorreu em 33 de 227 reconstruções (11,9%). Dentre estas, duas pacientes tinham histórico de radioterapia, e foram submetidas a remoção da prótese e posterior reconstrução com retalho miocutâneo. Sinais de infecção local grave foram observados em 12 pacientes, e, em 5, necrose extensa de tecido, e todas foram submetidas a remoção dos implantes; destas, 8 foram reconstruídas com expansor, e 2, com retalho miocutâneo. As 14 pacientes remanecentes não haviam sido submetidas previamente à radioterapia, não tinham sinais de infecção, nem necrose extensa; portanto, foram submetidas a sutura primária em uma tentativa de salvar a prótese. Dessas, 8 pacientes (57,1%) conseguiram manter os implantes originais. CONCLUSãO: Nosso protocolo clínico é baseado em três pontos principais: histórico de radioterapia, infecção grave, e necrose extensa de tecido. Ele constitui um método prático e potencialmente reprodutível de manejo de uma das complicações mais comuns da reconstrução mamária com implantes.


Subject(s)
Breast Implants , Breast Neoplasms , Mammaplasty , Breast Implants/adverse effects , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Clinical Protocols , Female , Humans , Mammaplasty/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Tissue Expansion Devices/adverse effects
4.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 43(9): 690-698, Sept. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1351773

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective Infection and exposure of the implant are some of the most common and concerning complications after implant-based breast reconstruction. Currently, there is no consensus on the management of these complications. The aim of the present study was to review our cases and to present a clinical protocol. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of consecutive patients submitted to implant-based breast reconstruction between 2014 and 2016. All patients were managed according to a specific and structured protocol. Results Implant exposure occurred in 33 out of 277 (11.9%) implant-based reconstructions. Among these, two patients had history of radiotherapy and had their implant removed; Delayed reconstruction with a myocutaneous flap was performed in both cases. Signs of severe local infection were observed in 12 patients, and another 5 presented with extensive tissue necrosis, and they were all submitted to implant removal; of them, 8 underwent reconstruction with a tissue expander, and 2, with a myocutaneous flap. The remaining 14 patients had no signs of severe infection, previous irradiation or extensive tissue necrosis, and were submitted to primary suture as an attempt to salvage the implant. Of these, 8 cases (57.1%) managed to keep the Conclusion Our clinical protocol is based on three key points: history of radiotherapy, severe infection, and extensive tissue necrosis. It is a practical and potentially-reproducible method of managing one of the most common complications of implant-based breast reconstruction.


Resumo Objectivo Infecção e exposição da prótese são algumas das complicações mais comuns e preocupantes após reconstrução da mama com implantes. Atualmente, ainda não há consenso quanto ao manejo destas complicações. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de revisar os casos da nossa instituição e apresentar um protocolo clínico. Métodos Realizou-se uma revisão retrospectiva de todos os casos consecutivos submetidos a reconstrução mamária imediata com prótese entre 2014 e 2016. Todos os casos foram conduzidos de acordo com um protocolo específico e estruturado. Resultados A exposição do implante ocorreu em 33 de 227 reconstruções (11,9%). Dentre estas, duas pacientes tinham histórico de radioterapia, e foram submetidas a remoção da prótese e posterior reconstrução com retalho miocutâneo. Sinais de infecção local grave foram observados em 12 pacientes, e, em 5, necrose extensa de tecido, e todas foram submetidas a remoção dos implantes; destas, 8 foram recons truídas com expansor, e 2, com retalho miocutâneo. As 14 pacientes remanecentes não haviam sido submetidas previamente à radioterapia, não tinham sinais de infecção, nem necrose extensa; portanto, foram submetidas a sutura primária em uma tentativa de salvar a prótese. Dessas, 8 pacientes (57,1%) conseguiram manter os implantes originais. Conclusão Nosso protocolo clínico é baseado em três pontos principais: histórico de radioterapia, infecção grave, e necrose extensa de tecido. Ele constitui um método prático e potencialmente reprodutível de manejo de uma das complicações mais comuns da reconstrução mamária com implantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Mammaplasty/adverse effects , Breast Implants/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Tissue Expansion Devices/adverse effects , Clinical Protocols , Retrospective Studies
5.
J Surg Oncol ; 122(2): 164-169, 2020 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32291774

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Marking positive lymph nodes (LNs) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) may improve the accuracy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of marking LNs with 4% carbon microparticle suspension (CMS) before NAC and to evaluate if this technique would improve the SLNB identification rate. METHODS: A prospective study of patients with cT1-T4, cN1-N2 breast cancer who underwent US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of suspected LNs and concomitant marking with 4% CMS was performed. After NAC, LNs marked with 4% CMS and those marked with Patent Blue V dye (PBV) were identified and resected. RESULTS: Of the 123 patients included, 74 (60.1%) had positive LNs at FNAB. During axillary surgery, 4% CMS was identified in 121 of 123 patients (98.3%) and blue sentinel LNs in 91% (112 of 123 patients) (P = .0103). Comparing isolated results of PBV and 4%CMS + PBV, the association was better in identifying positive LNs (72.2% vs 97.7%) (P = .02). CONCLUSION: The association of 4% CMS and PBV is feasible and significantly increased the identification rate of positive LNs. 4% CMS may play an important role as a complementary technique in patients submitted to NAC.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carbon/administration & dosage , Sentinel Lymph Node/pathology , Anthracyclines/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Staging , Particle Size , Prospective Studies , Sentinel Lymph Node/diagnostic imaging , Taxoids/administration & dosage
7.
Femina ; 42(4): 203-208, jul-ago. 2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-737137

ABSTRACT

O câncer da mama é o tipo de câncer que mais acomete as mulheres em todo o mundo, tanto em países em desenvolvimento quanto em países desenvolvidos. Aproximadamente uma a cada 1.000 gestações que chegam ao termo serão complicadas pelo câncer. O câncer de mama está entre as neoplasias mais frequentes nesse grupo de mulheres. No entanto, apesar do aumento do diagnóstico e do desafio de seu tratamento durante a gravidez, os dados disponíveis na literatura até o momento são escassos. A presente revisão tem o objetivo de analisar os dados disponíveis até o momento, o tratamento proposto para estas pacientes e as possíveis repercussões desse tratamento tanto para as gestantes como para os fetos.(AU)


Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women all over the world, even in developed countries or in emerging countries. Nearly one in 1,000 pregnancies that leads to labour will be complicated by cancer, and pregnancy-associated breast cancer is the most common type encountered in this group. Although, despite the emerging number of cases being diagnosticated and the challenge of treating pregnancy-associated breast cancer, there are a few data about it until the present moment. This paper aims to review the data available until the present moment, about the treatment and possible effects envolving the pregnant mother and the fetus.(AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic , Breast/physiopathology , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tamoxifen , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Mammography , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Databases, Bibliographic , Ultrasonography, Mammary , Antibodies, Monoclonal
8.
Femina ; 40(3)maio-jun. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-666930

ABSTRACT

Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática das publicações dos últimos dez anos sobre os sarcomas uterinos. Este artigo traz novos conceitos, como a mudança do carcinossarcoma para carcinoma metaplásico. Evidencia-se a necessidade de individualizar o tratamento dos sarcomas, pois existem muitas diferenças de comportamento clínico, padrão metastático e prognóstico entre os diferentes tipos histológicos. Também foram enfocadas as controvérsias existentes quanto a extensão cirúrgica, a necessidade de ooforectomia e de esvaziamento ganglionar e o papel da adjuvância


It was performed a systematic review of publications for the past 10 years about uterine sarcomas. This article introduces new concepts, such as the change of carcinosarcoma to metaplastic carcinoma. This study highlights the need to individualize the treatment of uterine sarcomas, as there are many differences in clinical behavior, prognosis and metastatic pattern between the different histological types. Controversies have also been focused on the surgical extension, the need for lymph node dissection and oophorectomy and the role of adjuvant therapy


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Sarcoma/surgery , Sarcoma/diagnosis , Sarcoma/therapy , Adenosarcoma , Carcinosarcoma , Drug Therapy , Endometrial Neoplasms , Leiomyosarcoma , Neoplasm Staging , Ovariectomy/methods , Rhabdomyosarcoma/radiotherapy , Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal , Uterine Neoplasms
9.
Femina ; 39(9)set. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-641392

ABSTRACT

A prematuridade representa um dos maiores desafios da Obstetrícia moderna, sendo a principal causa de morbimortalidade neonatal. Apesar dos avanços nas últimas décadas, sua incidência permanece inalterada no Brasil. Além disso, o diagnóstico do trabalho de parto prematuro pode, muitas vezes, ser um desafio: nem todas as pacientes com contrações antes de 37 semanas irão evoluir para um parto prematuro. A fim de tornar esse diagnóstico mais preciso e elucidar para os obstetras quais são as pacientes que realmente apresentam um risco maior para prematuridade, muitos autores têm pesquisado marcadores capazes de predizer tal risco. Com o objetivo de diminuir a incidência dos partos prematuros, atualmente buscam-se estratégias capazes de prevenir o parto prematuro. A presente revisão discute os principais preditores de risco e métodos de prevenção


The prematurity represents one of the major challenges in modern Obstetrics, and it is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Despite technological advances in the past decades, the rate of preterm birth remains the same in Brazil. Moreover, the diagnosis of preterm labor can often be a challenge: not all patients with contractions before 37 weeks go on to a premature delivery. To make this a more precise diagnosis for obstetricians and to really elucidate which patients have higher risk for prematurity, many authors have investigated markers that could predict such risk. In order to reduce the incidence of preterm delivery, obstetricians are now looking for strategies to prevent preterm birth. This review discusses the most important predictors of risk and the main methods of prevention


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Cervix Uteri/growth & development , Cervix Uteri , Biomarkers , Premature Birth/diagnosis , Premature Birth/epidemiology , Obstetric Labor, Premature/diagnosis , Obstetric Labor, Premature/epidemiology , Obstetric Labor, Premature/etiology , Obstetric Labor, Premature/prevention & control , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Infant Mortality , Predictive Value of Tests , Prenatal Diagnosis , Risk Factors
10.
Rev. bras. mastologia ; 19(3): 117-121, jul.-set. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-558642

ABSTRACT

A hiperplasia estromal pseudoangiomatosa (PASH) é uma lesão microscópica comumente encontrada em biópsias de mama como um achado incidental. Caracteriza-se por uma proliferação das células estromais formando uma complexa rede de canais interligados semelhantes a espaços vasculares delineados por células fusiformes. Na macroscopia, é geralmente uma massa fibrosa, bem delimitada, de coloração branca, e mais raramente pode apresentar-se em forma nodular. Na maioria dos casos, a PASH apresenta um crescimento lento, podendo regredir espontaneamente. O tratamento recomendado pela maioria dos autores é a excisão ampla da lesão, com margens livres para evitar as recorrências locais, que ocorrem com frequência. Essa lesão é benigna, sem casos relatados de transformação maligna, e o prognóstico é bom. Foram relatados neste estudo dois casos de PASH com diferentes apresentações clínicas, chamando a atenção para sua diferenciação de outras lesões benignas, tais como fibroadenoma, tumor filodes, hamartomas, e do tumor maligno angiossarcoma.


The pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) of the breast is a common microscopic lesion that may be found incidentally at breast biopsies, and presents histologically with a proliferation of the stromal cells and slit-like pseudovascular spaces with endothelial-like spindle cells. Macroscopically, this lesion presents as a pale fibroblastic mass, well-circunscribed and, less commonly, may be seen as a palpable nodule. Most PASH lesions grow slowly and may regress spontaneously. The treatment usually consists of wide local excision. PASH has a benign origin, good prognosis and there have been no cases of PASH becoming malignant. We report here two cases of PASH with distinct presentations. It is important to distinguish PASH from other breast tumors like fibroadenoma, phillodes tumor, hamartoma and angiosarcoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Diseases/pathology , Hyperplasia/surgery , Hyperplasia/pathology , Breast/injuries , Breast/pathology
11.
Femina ; 33(12): 943-947, dez. 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-438966

ABSTRACT

A incidência de câncer e gestação é de aproximadamente 1:1.000 gestações, sendo o câncer de colo um tipo que ocorre com maior freqüência. Há poucas pesquisas conclusivas sobre a melhor conduta, e suas repercussões sobre a mãe e o feto. Com a evolução da Medicina e com as análises mais recentes dos trabalhos sobre este tema, é possível sugerir algumas condutas nas lesões intra-epiteliais e no câncer de colo do útero durante a gestação. Em muitos casos, adiar o tratamento oncológico até a maturação pulmonar fetal é a melhor conduta, tanto para a mãe como para o feto. Em outros casos impõe-se a instituição imediata do tratamento adequado. Este texto visa avaliar as possibilidades de conduta nesta devastadora situação que é o binômio câncer de colo e gestação


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Uterine Cervical Dysplasia , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic , Neoplasm Staging , Vaginal Smears
12.
Rev. méd. Paraná ; 61(1): 30-33, jan.-jun. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-387536

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho objetiva o relato de uma gravidez ectópica em paciente submetida à ciclo de indução da ovulação para fertilização in vitro (FIV) com transferência embrionária transcervical, e com história de cirurgia laparoscópica diagnosticando aderências pélvicas como questionável sequela de prévia apendicectomia, que evoluiu com gestação tubária direita homolateral à gestação ectópica pós-concepção natural. Discute, ainda, fatores de risco associados à gestação tubária relacionada à FIV. Mais importante é conscientização da necessidade do diagnóstico precoce dessa complicação para que consiga, de forma menos invasiva e mais efetiva, sucesso no tratamento e, ainda, orientar sobre a possiblidade dessa ocorrência, mesmo após a transferência embrionária intra-uterina


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Appendectomy , Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine , Methotrexate , Fertilization , Fertilization in Vitro , Pregnancy, Ectopic , Pregnancy, Tubal/diagnosis , Pregnancy, Tubal/therapy , Embryo Transfer
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