[Accidents in the ocular area in children. An epidemiologic study and the medicosocial implications]. / Accidente în sfera oculara la copii. Studiu epidemiologic si implicatii medico-sociale.

The authors have studied 202 ocular accidents with children, with a special insistence on epidemiology and medico-social implications. The accidents entail three important factors: the person liable to have an ocular accident, the agent provocateur, and a favourable human-social context. These factors were deeply analysed through a lot of parameters in a correlative manner. The authors demonstrate that the representative accidents are not usually unforeseeable incidents but they are avoidable and they have a prophylaxis with large means that can be applied. There were also attacked medico-social implications of the ocular accidents with a special insistence on the potential of invalidating consequences.

[The incision in the surgery of cataract and postoperative astigmatism]. / Incizia în operatia de cataracta si astigmatismul postoperator.

There are presented effects of the incision in cataract surgery on postoperative astigmatism. Big changes of astigmatism can be eliminated by applying several basic principles of cataract incisions. Despite the rapid changes in incision technology, these concepts can be applied to all cataract surgery, whether a large or small incision is used, to achieve increased stability and decreased astigmatism. There are also reviewed possibilities of controlling postoperative astigmatism by varying the location and size of the cataract incision.

[The cicatrization of corneal wounds]. / Cicatrizarea plagilor corneene.

The tissular mending of the corneal surface is the result of a complex series of various physiopathological responses. This structural regeneration involves a primary reconstruction and a secondary one. The primary reconstruction of the barrier function provides the restoring of the normal equilibrium of osmotic, thermal and metabolic exchanges. The primary cicatricial response's goal is the fast coating of the corneal plague and mainly involves an inflammatory response. The major stages of this initial sequence are: the migration of the polynuclear neutrophils into the plaque, the establishment of a fibrinous cork, the collapsing and then the migration of the epithelial cork, and the contraction of the keratocyte mesh.

[Simultaneous bilateral occlusion of the central retinal artery]. / Ocluzie bilaterala simultana a arterei centrale a retinei.

There are presented two rare cases of bilateral and simultaneous OACR. In the last year's literature there were founded a few cases of bilateral and simultaneous OACR described as occurring during other diseases. After the clinic and laboratory investigation, the authors consider the two cases' etiopathogenesis being part: first of a ischemic anterior arterial neuropathy and the second case part of a nonarterial neuropathy. Further, there are commented the manifestations and the immediate therapy of the ischemic optic neuropathy. Finally, the authors propose the immediate use of corticosteroids in high doses simultaneous with the classic treatment: vasodilators , anticoagulant drugs, thrombolytic agents. The purposes are to save the affected eye and especially to prevent the appearance of the disease to the second one.

[Therapeutic failures in indirect injuries to the optic nerve]. / Esecuri terapeutice în traumatismele indirecte ale nervului optic.

Making an analysis during five years, the authors find a great number of atrophies of optic nerve after indirect trauma on the orbital area or an the head, questioning if the treatment applied had been correct. Studying the literature they find the same feeble results and controversial opinions regarding the therapy of these cases. On tried treatments with macrodoses of dexamethazone i.v., the opening of optic nerve's health or of the optic nerve's duct, the vacating of the retrobulbar haematomas, but the results remained unsatisfying. The problem is if we must console ourselves that the others have the same feeble results or we must try to add to the conservatory treatment applied till now the neurosurgical investigations of the optic duct and heaths of the optic nerve, especially when the vision is lowering progressively and especially when the other eye is also implied.

[The geographic environment--a risk factor in eyelid tumors?]. / Mediul geografic--factor de risc în tumorile palpebrale?

The paper shows the role of the geographical environment in the incidence of various ophthalmological diseases and tries to make connections between different factors of pollution and the appearance of cancer, using epidemiological data. In Bihor district, the analysis of ocular tumors during a 25 years period shows 34 cases of malignant melanoma, 6 cases of glioma, 14 epibulbar malignant tumors opposing to 487 palpebral tumors, 3 tumors of the lacrimal sac and 8 cases of trichoepithelioma. Histopathologically, 173 of them were spinal cell epithelioma, 210 were basal cell epithelioma, 48 were sudoriferous, 40 were non-differentiated and 16 16 were mixed forms. The authors propose the district distributed study of the morbidity of various ocular diseases, which lead to the achievement of an ophthalmo-geography.