[The changes of the motor function of the stomach and the colon under the action of the nanocrystalline cerium dioxide].

We investigated the effect of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide on parameters of spontaneous and stimulated motility of the stomach and colon in rats. It was found that administration of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide for 10 days increased the amplitude of contractions of stimulated motility in the stomach by 33.0 +/- 2.4% and the frequency of contractions of the colon by 80.3 +/- 7.5%. In this group, the introduction of carbachol also increased the frequency of the contractions by 274.0 +/- 22.9%, compared to the control group. The administration of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide increased the index of motor activity of spontaneous and stimulated motility of the stomach by 19.8 +/- 1.4 and 14.5 +/- 9.0%, respectively. In the colon, the motor activity increased by 14.3 +/- 1.1 and 11.1 +/- 0.8%, respectively. We also found that the nanocrystalline cerium dioxide rebuilt morphological condition of the mucous of the colon.

[The effect of probiotic therapy on development of experimental obesity in rats caused by monosodium glutamate].

The effect of a mixture of probiotic strains (2:1:1 Lactobacillus casei IMVB-7280, Bifidobacterium animalis VKL, Bifidobacterium animalis VKB) on the development of experimental obesity in rats induced by neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate has been studied. It was shown that in rats of 4 months age, the injection of monosodium glutamate (4 mg/g) at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days after birth elicited abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. An intermittent administration of a probiotic mixture to rats treated with monosodium prevented the development of obesity. In the group of rats treated with probiotics, anthropometric parameters (weight and body length, Lee index, body mass index) did not differ from the level of intact rats. Visceral fat mass was decreased by probiotics by 38.5% (P < 0.05) compared to rats treated with water. Probiotics improved lipid metabolism: reduced the level of VLDL by 32.2% (P < 0,05), the level of LDL by 30.6% (P < 0.05), increased HDL by 25.7% (P <0,05) compared to obese control rats. Probiotic strains restored the secretion of adipocytes hormones (leptin and adiponectin) to the normal level of intact animals. The results show the effectiveness of probiotics for the prevention of obesity.

[Morphofunctional state of reproductive system of ageing male rats in case of using nanocerium].

The influence of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide (NCD, 1 and 100 mg/kg per os daily for 10 days) on morphofuctional state of reproductive system was investigated in ageing male rats. It has been established that activation of hormone-producing testicular Leydig's cells, as well as of secretory and proliferative processes in prostate, underlies the stimulating effect of NCD at a dose 1 mg/kg on hormonal function of testis and spermatogenesis of ageing male rats. NCD used at a dose 100 mg/kg had no significant effect on the assessed indices of morphofuctional state of reproductive system.

[Prophylactic effect of probiotic strains Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB on stress-induced lesions in the gastric mucosa of rats].

It was investigated the effect of probiotic strains Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB and their mixture on erosive and ulcerative lesions in the gastric mucosa (GM) of rats induced by water immersion restraint stress. It was found that separate prophylactic introduction for 14 days of Bifidobacterium animalis VKL or Bifidobacterium animalis VKB didn't protect the GM from erosive and ulcerative lesions induced by stress. Contrary prophylactic introduction of Bifidobacterium animalis VKL and VKB mixture has been effective in protecting the GM from the lesions. One of the mechanisms of the gastroprotection of these probiotic strains is prevention of mucus barrier from degradation, which was evident in decrease of free fucose and hexuronic acids content. These results confirm the expediency ofprobiotics use for the prevention of stress-induced lesions in the GM.

[ELISA test-kit for herpes 2 serodiagnosis].

To reveal Herpes simplex virus 2 specific IgG and to determine their avidity the ELISA test-kit was constructed using recombinant protein gG2 (PSC SPC Diaproph-Med). Using this test-kit the distribution of specific antibodies with different avidity indexes was investigated in practically healthy donor samples. It is possible to use the mentioned ELISA test-kit for confirmation of primary infection, and also for differentiation of primary infection, chronic disease and virus reactivation. Thus, this ELISA test-kit could be an additional tool in herpetic infection diagnosis.

[The antiviral activity of diphenyl derivatives in different model systems].

In experiments on two model systems L929/VSV and RF/ HSV-1 in vitro we have studied the antiviral activity of new structural analogues of tilorone--4,4'-bis[2-(diethyl-amino)ethoxy]diphenyl dihydrochloride and 2-methoxy-carbonyl-4-4'-bis[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]diphenyl dihydrochloride. In experiments the tested substances were administered in preventive and therapeutic schemes. The preventive scheme confirms the existence of a correlation between IFN production under the influence of tested substances and their antiviral activity. It is shown that diphenyls are able to inhibit the development of viral cytopathic effect induced by DNA- and RNA-containing viruses. Diphenyl derivatives are less toxic than tilorone and could be considered as promising substances for further research to develop new antiviral drugs.

[Immunomodulation characteristics of Lactobacillus genus bacteria].

Immunomodulation properties of the composition which contains live cells of bacteria of genus Lactobacillus: L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LB86 VKPM B-5788, L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii DSM20074, L. rhmanosus LB3 IMB B-7038, L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus VR were studied. Stimulation of phagocytic system under the influence of lactobacteria composition correlated with an increase of cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells and with their influence on synthesis of cytokines: interferon and tumor necrosis factor was shown.

[Effect of alpha/beta-interferon on electrophoretic mobility of murine T-lymphocytes].

Alpha/beta-Interferon (alpha/beta-IFN)-induced early changes in the electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of murine splenic T lymphocytes were studied by the microelectrophoresis technique. It has been found that alpha/beta-IFN-treated T lymphocytes have a greater EPM than control cells within first hours of alpha/beta-IFN addition. This change in EPM depends on the concentration of alpha/beta-IFN in the medium and the duration of alpha/beta-IFN interaction with the cells. It is concluded that the alpha/beta-IFN-treated cells have a greater net negative charge of the cell surface than control cells.

[Production of immunoregulatory cytokines in autoimimune damage of the ovaries in mammals].

Several ovarian disorders in women are associated with autoimmune factors. In this study it was investigated a level of cytokines--TNF-alpha and IFNs in ovarian homogenate and blood serum at ovarian autoimmune damage of mammals. Experimental immune ovarian failure was induced in CBA mice by either immunization with allogenic ovarian extracts or administration of xenogenic anti-ovarian antibodies. Both models were accompanied with abnormalities in production of immunoregulatory cytokines. These data confirm the importance of definition of proinflammatory cytokine level for disclosing immune mechanisms which lay in a pathogenesis autoimmune ovarian diseases of female reproductive organs.

[Fundamentals of interferon system function in pathology and molecular biological peculiarities of interferon production].

Molecular biological peculiarities of interferon system function in PV-infected persons have been found. It is evident that the interferon production, anti-inflammatory cytokines and their receptors and also defensines play an important role in the mechanism of virus interaction with sensitive cells of macroorganism with development of pathological process. The new conception of expediency for the use of interferons and their inducers as the polyfunctional regulators with a broad spectrum of activity for the treatment of PV-infected patients was suggested. Patents for the method of treatment of PV-infected patients were obtained. New inducers of interferon as well as recombinant IFN-alpha-2b was developed. Our results were introduced in the medical practice.

[Antiherpetic effect of RNA-tilorone molecular complex in cell culture].

The authors studied the antiviral effect of an interferonogenic yeast RNA-tilorone molecular complex (MC) compared to the Virolex, videly used antiherpetic drug, and standard interferon (IFN) alpha/beta inducer poly(I)poly(C) in Vero cells culture infected with herpes simplex type I virus (HSV-1). The tilorone contained by MC has been shown to be twice less toxic and twice more active against HSV than its free molecules. The value of chemotherapeutic index (CI) of Virolex in experiments with Vero cells reaches 2500, CI poly(I)poly(C) and MC being 324; the last value meets the requirements for promising drugs.

[Optimization of cultivation conditions for strains of Escherichia coli--a producer of recombinant alpha-2b-interferon].

The optimization scheme of cultivation for a strain of Escherichia coli producing recombinant alpha-2b-interferon has been developed. The influence of composition of a nutrient medium on the level of synthesis of target protein and biomass accumulation has been defined. It is experimentally determined that when increasing the cultivation time from 8 to 24 hours, the output of recombinant alpha-2b-interferon increases twice.

[Description of bacillus-shaped spot sweetflag virus].

The spot sweetflag virus (SSV) as to its morphology and structural components in comparison with phytorhabdovirus of curly potato dwarf virus (CPDV) and rhabdoviruses of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), pathogenic for people and animals, corresponds to the definition of rhabdovirus and belongs to Rhabdoviridae family. Virions of SSV have a bacillus-like form and dimensions 110-130 x 45 nm. SSV contains structural proteins 130, 66, 43-39, 32-30 and 25 kDa. In the virion structure the fatty acids have been identified: palmitic (47 %), linolic (4.2%), oleic (14.9%), stearic (3.94%), holesterol (23%), and also carbohydrates: glucose (25.3%), galactose (18.3%), arabinose (16%), rhamnose (3.1%) and mannose (2.32%). Aminosaccharides: glucosamine and galactosamine, with correlation 1:7.2, were also found out. The paper is presented in Ukrainian.

[Interferonogenic activity of amixin analogs and diphenyl derivatives].

Properties of interferon productivity of several inducers of interferon, analogs of amixin, have been studied in vivo. It has been shown, that under the influence of injected agents the content of endogenic interferon in the blood serum of laboratory animals increased and their non-fractionated cells of the peripheral blood (splenocites and macrophages) synthesized alpha- and gamma-interferon.

[Optimization of cultivation conditions of recombinant Escherichia coli strain KPR-42--producer of human gamma-interferon].

Cultivation conditions for recombinant Escherichia coli strain KPR-42 producing human gamma-interferon in liquid nutrient medium were optimized. Glucose content in the medium was optimized by the reason that glucose catabolism products cause the medium acidification. That permitted to prolong fermentation time and increase recombinant protein content in the cells by 23-25%, avoiding expendable enrichment of the medium by nutrient components.

[Obtaining of new monoclonal antibodies against human immunoglobulins of class G, suitable for use in diagnostics of infectious diseases].

An original set of 17 clones of hybridomas-producers of monoclonal antibodies (MCAB) against Fc-fragment of human IgG has been obtained. The possibility of using horseradish peroxidase conjugates of the obtained MCAB as a part of ELISA tests systems of the company "DiaProphMed" for diagnostics of syphilis, rubella, toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus infections has been comparatively studied. It has been shown, that the application of peroxidase conjugates of two monoclonal antibodies (156C10 and 153H11) as the part of five diagnostic ELISA test systems provides high specificity and sensitivity.

[Interferon inducers--from theory to practice]. / Induktory interferonu--vid teoriï do praktyky.

The authors present up-to-date information concerning different inducers of different interferon types in vivo and in vitro. Interactions between the structure and interferon-inducing activity of high and low molecular weight inducers are in the focus of this paper. There are also a lot of data, concerning different biological properties of interferon-inducing compounds. Different aspects of inducers use as antiviral and immunomodulating drugs are also discussed.

[Effectiveness of short courses of fasting in pre-asthma and asthma patients]. / Efektyvnist' korotkykh kursiv rozvantazhuval'no-diietychnoï terapiï pry peredastmi ta bronkhialnii astmi.

In patients with preasthma and bronchial asthma, short-term courses of fasting dietotherapy (FDT) with a 7-day fasting period proved to be effective, as evidenced by clinical-and-functional and laboratory investigations. The incidence rate of viral infections was much lower with short-term courses compared to long-term courses. Too low an effect, if any, with FDT short-term courses can be explained by excess of the patient's body weight. Short-term FDT courses with a 3-day fasting period have been found out to result in a significant decrease in the level of anxiety, as measured by Spilberger Anxiety Inventory.

[Clinical study of anti-leukotriene therapy with montelukast in bronchial asthma patients]. / Klinichnyi dosvid zastosuvannia antileikotriienovogo preparatu montelukastu v kompleksnomu likuvanni khvorykh na bronkhial'nu astmu.

Clinical and functional efficacy of the antileukotriene agent montelucast (singulair) was investigated in 30 patients with moderately severe bronchial asthma. Patients with a positive FEV1 response to montelukast (61.1%) demonstrated a higher blood level of IgE and sputum eosinophilia. Enhancement of bronchodilatatory effect secondary to the use of beta 2-agonist has been recordable in the wake of a 24-day montelucast treatment (10 mg o.d.).

[Prognosis of pretreatment outcome in patients with acute glomerulonephritis after an immunological review]. / Prognozuvannia bezposeredn'oï klinichnoï efektyvnosti likuvannia khvorykh na gostryi glomerulonefryt.

Expediency has been shown for the immunological investigation to be done in those patients with acute glomerulonephritis in the nephrosis stage before the start of treatment to find out relevant approaches to such patients. The most informative parameters characterizing immunity include the peripheral blood absolute content T-lymphocytes, relative and absolute content of B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, IgA, IgG in blood plasma. However, to prognosticate near term clinical efficiency of treatment with immunodepressive drugs it is essential that all basic indices for the cell-bound and humoral immunity be taken account of.