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Br J Cancer ; 109(9): 2412-23, 2013 Oct 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24129241

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adoptive therapy with tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) induces durable complete responses (CR) in ∼20% of patients with metastatic melanoma. The recruitment of T cells through CXCR3/CCR5 chemokine ligands is critical for immune-mediated rejection. We postulated that polymorphisms and/or expression of CXCR3/CCR5 in TILs and the expression of their ligands in tumour influence the migration of TILs to tumours and tumour regression. METHODS: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes from 142 metastatic melanoma patients enrolled in adoptive therapy trials were genotyped for CXCR3 rs2280964 and CCR5-Δ32 deletion, which encodes a protein not expressed on the cell surface. Expression of CXCR3/CCR5 in TILs and CXCR3/CCR5 and ligand genes in 113 available parental tumours was also assessed. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte data were validated by flow cytometry (N=50). RESULTS: The full gene expression/polymorphism model, which includes CXCR3 and CCR5 expression data, CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism data and their interaction, was significantly associated with both CR and overall response (OR; P=0.0009, and P=0.007, respectively). More in detail, the predicted underexpression of both CXCR3 and CCR5 according to gene expression and polymorphism data (protein prediction model, PPM) was associated with response to therapy (odds ratio=6.16 and 2.32, for CR and OR, respectively). Flow cytometric analysis confirmed the PPM. Coordinate upregulation of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CCL5 in pretreatment tumour biopsies was associated with OR. CONCLUSION: Coordinate overexpression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CCL5 in pretreatment tumours was associated with responsiveness to treatment. Conversely, CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism and CXCR3/CCR5 underexpression influence downregulation of the corresponding receptors in TILs and were associated with likelihood and degree of response.


Subject(s)
Interleukin-2/therapeutic use , Melanoma/drug therapy , Melanoma/metabolism , Receptors, CCR5/metabolism , Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Biopsy , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cell Movement/genetics , Female , Gene Expression , Genotype , Humans , Ligands , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology , Male , Melanoma/genetics , Melanoma/pathology , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Genetic , Receptors, CCR5/genetics , Receptors, CXCR3/genetics , Signal Transduction , Up-Regulation , Young Adult
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