Prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization among school children in Rome, Italy.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a highly prevalent condition associated with increased caries experience, dental pain and treatment need. Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of MIH in a group of 7-8 years old primary school children living in Rome, Italy; and to assess the association with caries experience and possible perinatal risk factors. A survey has been conducted in the city of Rome, between April 2019 and March 2020 with a total of 49 primary schools and 176 2nd grade primary school classes and a total of 3611 children being involved. Of these, a subset of 346 children of 21 primary schools was selected for the epidemiological investigation. The prevalence of MIH was of 18.2%, with girls showing twice the probability of being subject to a mild-severe condition. Molar location was present in 71.4%, while location on both molar plus incisor was present in 28.6% of cases. The mean DMFT was 0.44 ± 0.78, "D" was 0.17 ± 0.58; the mean dmft was 1.7 ± 2.56, "d" was 1.32 ± 2.21. Female gender, caries experience, insufficient oral hygiene were risk factors. The incidence of MIH is increasing in the pediatric population. Knowledge about diagnosis and treatment options should be disseminated among dental professionals.

Guided sinus lift: virtual planning of surgical templates for lateral access.

The sinus lift with lateral approach is a regenerative technique nowadays considered predictable to increase the height of bone in the atrophic posterior maxilla. Knowledge of sinus anatomy and evaluation of risk factors are the basis of regenerative and rehabilitative surgical success. The positioning and size of the lateral antrostomy represent critical factors in the execution of regenerative surgery, due to the difficulty in transferring radiological information to the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus even for skilled surgeons. The knowhow of guided implant surgery in recent years is also finding use in planning and precisely delineating the lateral access to the maxillary sinus using CBCT imaging and dimensional reconstruction software, through the realization of surgical guides with 3D printing, as shown in the presented case.

Endodontic retreatment and bioceramics: A case report.

The success rate in endodontic retreatment can be significantly boosted by using materials that guarantee both intimate adhesion to the canal walls and long-term stability. Bioceramic cements used in root filling show interesting properties including extraordinary sealing capacities, antimicrobial activity that stimulates periapical healing and the continuous production of hydroxyopathitis for a long time. This case report deals with the application of bioceramic cement in endodontic retreatment. The Bioroot RCS (Septodont), thanks to its ability to firmly adhere both to the gutta-percha and to the walls of the canal and to definitively seal the apical third, can allow to obtain extraordinary healing in a relatively short time by exploiting its antimicrobial abilities. However, further studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of this technique over the long term.

Combined orthodontic-surgical approach in the treatment of impacted maxillary canines: three clinical cases.

Impaction of maxillary canine is a relatively frequent orthodontic anomaly which could represent fuctional and aesthetic problems for patients. Nowadays, the conventional technique to impacted canines consists of a combined orthodontic and surgical approach, aimed to guide cuspids at the center of the alveolar ridge in a stable position and surrounded by healthy hard and soft tissues. This article presents three cases studies with different combined surgical-orthodontic approaches for the treatment of infraosseous impacted canines. An impacted maxillary canine could be guided, after adequate space is created orthodontically, to the center of the ridge through an orthodontic traction directly applied to the crown of impacted cuspid. Several surgical techniques have been proposed to expose the crown of impacted tooth. Location (buccal or palatal side) of impactation and depth influence surgical approach in order to obtain best aesthetic and functional results.

Full digital workflow for implant-prosthetic rehabilitations: a case report.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to describe a proof of concept digital workflow for the implant-prosthetic treatment in partially edentate patients and evaluate its clinical performance. METHODS: A 55-year-old woman with a Kennedy class III bilateral edentulism in the mandible has been selected for a computer guided implantology according with the Smart Fusion® protocol (NobelBiocare, Kloten, Switzerland). After the template-guided implant placement, an immediate loading of the implants has been performed. QuickTemp conical temporary abutments were selected to deliver immediately prefabricated cement-retained provisionals. Two months after an impression was taken with an intraoral digital scanner (3Shape Trios3, Copenhagen, Denmark). The provisional restoration optical scanning was used to transfer the functionalized prosthetic contour to be duplicated into the definitive porcelain fused to zirconia restoration cemented on customized titanium abutments. RESULTS: A satisfying esthetic and functional result has been achieved. No biological and mechanical complications were recorded. CONCLUSIONS: The investigated fully digital implant-prosthetic protocol provided a smooth, complication free and time effective treatment alternative to the conventional workflow. Besides the fully digital workflow allowed the surgical and prosthetic decision making and the communication within the dental team and with the patient. Further improvements heading to a direct match between the intraoral scan and the CBCT are strongly advised in order to create the so-called virtual patient.

Simplified type 3 implant placement, after alveolar ridge preservation: a case study.

Alveolar ridge, after tooth extraction, could reduce its volume up to 50% in buccal-lingual width in the first twelve months and residual dimensions could interfere with correct three dimensional placement of implants and influence negatively treatment outcomes with regard to function and aesthetic aspects. Over the last decades, several approaches have been proposed and tested in order to prevent ridge volumetric contraction and provide maximum bone availability for implant procedure. This article presents a case study with a single anterior tooth replacement, illustrating socket seal technique followed by a type 3 timing implant placement. Immediately after tooth extraction, residual socket was grafted using Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral and a free gingival punch harvested from palate. After 3 months, a root-form titanium implant was inserted without additional regenerative procedures. Follow-up examination revealed favourable preservation of soft tissue width and height in the aesthetic area. Socket seal approach maximizes soft tissue healing, preserving ridge envelope and the subsequent implant placement, furthermore, results simplified, as any augmentation techniques are required. Clinical advantages of this method include predictable preservation of the soft tissues, favourable healing features, easy handling of graft materials and a positive benefit-cost ratio.