ABSTRACT
Hypersalivation associated with cerebral palsy may be treated with injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) into the submandibular gland, and the use of ultrasound permits its accurate administration. In our series four patients with cerebral palsy and hypersalivation had bilateral ultrasound-guided injection of BTX-A into the submandibular gland. At 4 weeks there was objective improvement in all patients and subjective improvement in three. The only reported side effect was the temporary inability to retain prosthetic orbital globes in one patient. Ultrasound-guided injection of BTX-A for hypersalivation is effective, and side effects are rare, but they have yet to be fully described.
Subject(s)
Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Cerebral Palsy/complications , Neuromuscular Agents/administration & dosage , Sialorrhea/drug therapy , Submandibular Gland/drug effects , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Adolescent , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/adverse effects , Child , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Injections , Male , Neuromuscular Agents/adverse effects , Patient Satisfaction , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultSubject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Parotid Neoplasms/pathology , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Aged , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/adverse effects , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Cutaneous Fistula/diagnosis , Cutaneous Fistula/etiology , False Negative Reactions , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Oral Fistula/diagnosis , Oral Fistula/etiology , Parotid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Parotid Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
The multislice cardiac computed tomography (CT) images of a 77-year-old man with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting and subsequent large left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVPA) formation are presented. Survival, as in this case, for several years after pseudoaneurysm formation is unusual without operative intervention. The case highlights the utility of CT in this scenario in allowing accurate assessment of LVPA anatomy, as well as noninvasive assessment of graft vessel patentcy, both vital to surgical planning in such high-risk cases.
