Visible Light-Induced Metal-free Arylation of Coumarin-3-carboxylates with Arylboronic Acids.

The present work represents a novel methodology for the selective arylation of coumarin-3-carboxylates with arylboronic acids via a photochemical route, marking the first-ever attempt for the direct alkenyl C-H arylation using rose bengal as a photocatalyst, which is a readily available and cost-effective alternative to transition metal catalysis. The reaction proceeds smoothly in MeOH/H2O solvent media in the presence of radical initiator affording the arylated products in good yields (60-80 %). The reaction parameters such as visible light, radical initiator, oxidant, anhydrous solvent, and inert atmosphere play a crucial role for the success of this methodology. The substituents present on the substrate show a significant effect on the conversion. This study provides a valuable contribution to the field of organic synthesis offering a new and efficient approach to the arylation of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid esters with a broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance. It is a versatile method and provides a direct access to biologically relevant 4-arylcoumarin-3-carboxylates.

2H-Pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-2,5(6H)-diones: Synthesis, Characterization, Photophysical and Redox Studies for Potential Optoelectronic Applications.

Herein, we report the preparation of 2H-pyrano[3,2-c]chromene-2,5(6H)-diones 3a-x by reacting 4-hydroxycoumarins 1a-b with Baylis-Hillman adducts 2a-w having electron releasing or electron withdrawing groups on benzyl ring of the pyranochromene moiety and study of their photophysical properties. The study of optical and electrochemical properties of the prepared compounds reveals that the electron releasing and electron withdrawing groups has not much impact on ground and excited state electronic behavior on pyranochromene moiety. The density functional theory suggests the highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals spread on coumarin moiety of pyranochromene unit. Further, these compounds are thermally stable (up to 200 °C) and lead to blue or green emission that should facilitate the development of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs).

Novel phosphorus(V) tetrabenzotriazacorroles: synthesis, characterization, optical, electrochemical, and femtosecond nonlinear optical studies.

A series of three novel tetrabenzotriazacorroles (TBCs) designed with an alkyl substituent tert-butyl group (TBC-tert), an electron donor phenothiazine group (TBC-PTZ) and an energy donor carbazole group (TBC-CBZ) on the peripheral position with phosphorus metal in the cavity have been synthesized. All three compounds were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques and we assessed their femtosecond third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties. TBCs exhibit the properties of both phthalocyanines and corroles as they are derived from parent phthalocyanines. The optical studies revealed a new band at ∼450 nm, which was absent in the parent phthalocyanine molecules, and all three compounds obeyed Beer-Lambert's law. Singlet-state quantum yields were measured in different solvents and were found to be in the range of 0.3 to 0.6 for TBC-tert, 0.21 to 0.25 in the case of TBC-PTZ and 0.31 to 0.41 for TBC-CBZ. Time-resolved fluorescence studies revealed lifetimes in the ns regime (typically few ns). The redox properties of the TBCs suggest that they are easier to oxidize and harder to reduce and exhibit multiple oxidation and reduction potentials. Using the Z-scan technique, the third-order NLO properties were investigated with kilohertz and megahertz repetition rate femtosecond pulses at 800 nm. We report the first observation of strong three-photon absorption in these molecules with coefficients of ∼10-22 cm3 W-2 (∼10-13 cm3 W-2) with kHz (MHz) repetition rate fs pulse excitation.

Optical, Electrochemical, Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Investigations of 3,4,5-Trimethoxy Phenyl Substituted Non-Aqueous Phthalocyanines.

A new series of non-aqueous phthalocyanines having 3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl group at peripheral positions in which the central cavity possessing Cu(II), Zn(II), and without metals has been synthesized, and its absorption, fluorescence (steady-state and excited state lifetimes), electrochemical, and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were evaluated. Absorption studies data suggest that all three phthalocyanines obey Beer-Lambert's law, and the redox properties indicate that both oxidation and reduction reactions are macrocyclic centered. The singlet quantum yields were measured in different solvents and were found to be in the range of 0.2-0.5 in the case of free-base, whereas it was in the range of 0.1-0.5 in zinc derivative, while the time-resolved fluorescence data revealed lifetimes of typically a few ns. The third-order NLO properties were investigated using the Z-scan technique with kilohertz (for retrieving true electronic nonlinearities) and megahertz repetition rate femtosecond pulses at 800 nm. Intensity-dependent Z-scan studies revealed robust NLO coefficients for solutions and thin films (two-photon absorption cross-sections of 9,300-57,000 GM) of these molecules suggesting a strong potential for optical switching, imaging, and optical limiting applications.

Crystal structures of N-(3-fluoro-benzo-yl)benzene-sulfonamide and N-(3-fluoro-benzo-yl)-4-methyl-benzene-sulfonamide.

The crystal structures of two N-(aryl-sulfon-yl)aryl-amides, namely N-(3-fluoro-benzo-yl)benzene-sulfonamide, C13H10FNO3S, (I), and N-(3-fluoro-benzo-yl)-4-methyl-benzene-sulfonamide, C14H12FNO3S, (II), are described and compared with related structures. The dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 82.73 (10)° in (I) compared to 72.60 (12)° in (II). In the crystal of (I), the mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π inter-actions, resulting in a three-dimensional grid-like architecture, while C-H⋯O inter-actions lead to one-dimensional ribbons in (II). The crystals of both (I) and (II) feature strong but non-structure-directing N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds with R 2 (2)(8) ring motifs. The structure of (I) also features π-π stacking inter-actions.

Crystal structures of three N-(aryl-sulfon-yl)-4-fluoro-benzamides.

The crystal structures of three N-aryl-sulfonyl-4-fluoro-benzamides, namely 4-fluoro-N-(2-methyl-phenyl-sulfon-yl)benzamide, C14H12FNO3S, (I), N-(2-chloro-phenyl-sulfon-yl)-4-fluorobenzamide, C13H9ClFNO3S, (II), and N-(4-chloro-phenyl-sulfon-yl)-4-fluoro-benzamide monohydrate, C13H9ClFNO3S·H2O, (III), are described and compared with related structures. The asymmetric unit of (I) contains two independent mol-ecules (A and B), while that of (II) contains just one mol-ecule, and that of (III) contains a mol-ecule of water in addition to one main mol-ecule. The dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 82.83 (11)° in mol-ecule A and 85.01 (10)° in mol-ecule B of (I), compared to 89.91 (10)° in (II) and 81.82 (11)° in (III). The crystal structure of (I) features strong N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the A and B mol-ecules, resulting in an R 4 (4)(16) tetra-meric unit. These tetra-meric units are connected into sheets in the bc plane by various C-H⋯O inter-actions, and adjacent sheets are further inter-linked via C-H⋯πar-yl inter-actions, forming a three-dimensional architecture. The crystal structure is further stabilized by πar-yl-πar-yl and S=O⋯πar-yl inter-actions. In the crystal of (II), mol-ecules are connected into R 2 (2)(8) and R 2 (2)(14) dimers via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯O inter-actions, respectively; the dimers are further inter-connected via a weak C=O⋯πar-yl inter-action, leading to the formation of chains along [1-10]. In the crystal of (III), N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving both the main mol-ecule and the solvent water mol-ecule results in the formation of sheets parallel to the bc plane. The sheets are further connected by C-H⋯O inter-actions and weak C-Cl⋯πar-yl, C-F⋯πar-yl and S=O⋯πar-yl inter-actions, forming a three-dimensional architecture.

Crystal structure of 2-chloro-N-(3-fluoro-phen-yl)acetamide.

In the title compound, C8H7ClFNO, the F atom is disordred over the meta positions of the benzene ring in a 0.574 (4):0.426 (4) ratio and the Cl atom is syn to the O atom [O-C-C-Cl = 5.6 (3)°]. A short intra-molecular C-H⋯O contact occurs. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into amide C(4) chains propagating in [101] by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.