Preparing for sperm-targeted contraception: College students' perceptions and intentions related to non-hormonal intravas injectable gel.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate college students' perceptions and behavioral intentions related to a new long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) for people with penises: non-hormonal intravas injectable gel (NH-IVIG). DESIGN AND SAMPLE: Data collection utilized predictive constructs from the theory of planned behavior. An online questionnaire surveyed undergraduates (ages 18-24 years) at a Midwestern, liberal arts college (N = 460). RESULTS: Of potential NH-IVIG users, 28.6% of males and 51.4% of females reported being overall likely to use or encourage its usage. The top three hypothetical NH-IVIG promoters were low cost, reversibility, and infrequent administration. High cost, new product uncertainties, plus administration via injection for the males, were the most frequently cited NH-IVIG deterrents. A majority of potential users indicated intentions to use protective barriers or other contraceptives simultaneously with NH-IVIG; females were more likely overall. Most respondents (males, 90.4%; females, 98.5%) agreed all sexual partners should be equally responsible for contraception. Over half trusted both males and females to use contraception, but females were significantly more trusted and trusting. CONCLUSION: Understanding factors influencing NH-IVIG usage can direct initiatives for sperm-targeted LARCs to mitigate risk behaviors and optimize public health promotion.

A willingness to go there: Nurses and spiritual care.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe rural and urban palliative/hospice care nurses' communication strategies while providing spiritual care for patients and families at end of life. BACKGROUND: Nurses aim to provide holistic care consisting of physical, psychological and spiritual components. However, it is well documented that spiritual care is largely missing from nursing care. Internationally, spiritual care is a growing topic of interest, yet many nurses feel unprepared to deliver spiritual care. DESIGN: This qualitative study used Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis method. METHODS: As part of a larger multimethod study, this study shares the narrative descriptions from 10 experienced palliative/hospice care nurses. Individual, face-to-face interviews were conducted and lasted 45-60 minutes. Each interview started with the same lead-in questions, was audio-recorded and was transcribed verbatim. The research team used an inductive analysis approach and met several times reviewing and analysing the detected themes until reaching consensus. RESULTS: The primary theme, sentience includes the capacity to act, a willingness to enter into the unknown and the ability to have deep meaningful conversations with patients regardless of the path it may yield. Subthemes include: (i) Willingness to Go There, (ii) Being in "A" Moment and (iii) Sagacious Insight. CONCLUSION: Nurses are integral in the provision of spiritual care for patients/families across the lifespan and at end of life. Nurses must feel confident and competent before they are willing to enter uncomfortable spaces with patients/families. Nursing curriculum must include purposeful engagement and focused debriefing in spiritual assessment and care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: There is a dire need to prepare undergraduate and graduate students to assess and support a patient's spiritual needs. Addressing spiritual care content as a clinical and educational priority will promote a patient-centred approach for spiritual care and can further shape nursing curricula, policies, guidelines and assessment tools.