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1.
Health Aff (Millwood) ; 34(9): 1456-63, 2015 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26355046

ABSTRACT

Improved patient experience, population health, and reduced cost of care for patients with obesity and other chronic diseases will not be achieved by clinical interventions alone. We offer here a new iteration of the Chronic Care Model that integrates clinical and community systems to address chronic diseases. Obesity contributes substantially to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Dietary and physical activity interventions will prevent, mitigate, and treat obesity and its related diseases. Challenges with the implementation of this model include provider training, the need to provide incentives for health systems to move beyond clinical care to link with community systems, and addressing the multiple elements necessary for integration within clinical care and with social systems. The Affordable Care Act, with its emphasis on prevention and new systems for care delivery, provides support for innovative strategies such as those proposed here.


Subject(s)
Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/organization & administration , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Obesity/prevention & control , Obesity/therapy , Preventive Health Services/organization & administration , Attitude to Health , Chronic Disease/prevention & control , Chronic Disease/therapy , Comorbidity , Humans , Male , Needs Assessment , Obesity, Morbid/prevention & control , Obesity, Morbid/therapy , Organizational Innovation , United States
2.
Am J Public Health ; 101 Suppl 1: S208-16, 2011 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21836108

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The Community Action to Fight Asthma Initiative, a network of coalitions and technical assistance providers in California, employed an environmental justice approach to reduce risk factors for asthma in school-aged children. Policy advocacy focused on housing, schools, and outdoor air quality. Technical assistance partners from environmental science, policy advocacy, asthma prevention, and media assisted in advocacy. An evaluation team assessed progress and outcomes. METHODS: A theory of change and corresponding logic model were used to document coalition development and successes. Site visits, surveys, policymaker interviews, and participation in meetings documented the processes and outcomes. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed to assess strategies, successes, and challenges. RESULTS: Coalitions, working with community residents and technical assistance experts, successfully advocated for policies to reduce children's exposures to environmental triggers, particularly in low-income communities and communities of color. Policies were implemented at various levels. CONCLUSIONS: Environmental justice approaches to policy advocacy could be an effective strategy to address inequities across communities. Strong technical assistance, close community involvement, and multilevel strategies were all essential to effective policies to reduce environmental inequities.


Subject(s)
Asthma/prevention & control , Community Participation , Environmental Exposure/prevention & control , Environmental Policy , Health Policy , California , Child , Child Advocacy , Humans , Risk Factors , Social Justice
4.
Prev Med ; 49(4): 334-5, 2009 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19615400

ABSTRACT

Increasing the amount of physical activity Americans get to recommended levels will require changes in community environments so that people can be more active as part of everyday life. Recent and pending federal legislation can provide the investments and other support necessary to make. These changes also positively address other major challenges we face as a nation, including climate change and the ailing economy.


Subject(s)
Community Health Services , Exercise , Health Promotion , Program Development , Public Health , Health Care Reform , Health Policy , Humans , Motor Activity , Program Evaluation , Social Marketing , United States
5.
Health Aff (Millwood) ; 24(2): 339-42, 2005.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15757917

ABSTRACT

Improving the health system can reduce the effects of health disparities, but it can do little to eliminate them. An upsurge in new research is documenting the impact of physical, social, and economic environmental factors: air quality, housing conditions, racism, relationship to community institutions, and neighborhood economic conditions, all of which affect health status over time. A combined focus on community and the policies that affect communities' environments presents opportunities for altering and ameliorating the underlying forces at the heart of the determinants of health. This Perspective presents examples of successful community involvement and policy change.


Subject(s)
Asthma/prevention & control , Community Participation , Health Policy , Obesity/prevention & control , Humans , United States
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