Histamine and its metabolizing enzymes in tissues of primary ductal breast cancer.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate histamine concentrations in plasma and tissues of breast cancers depending on the activity of histamine metabolic enzymes in neoplasmatic tissues of the breast gland. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In 95 women aged 38-70 years the concentration of histamine in the plasma by the immunoenzymatic method, the concentration of histamine in breast cancer tissues and metabolism enzymes of histamine: histidine decarboxylase, decarboxylase of aromatic L-amino acid, N-histamine methyltransferase, monoamine oxydase B, diamine oxydase determined using an isotope technique were assessed. The 24-hour excretion of N-methylimidazolacetate acid was evaluated by the chromatography method. RESULTS: Significant increases were found of histamine concentrations in plasma tissues of ductal breast cancers, activity of histidine decarboxylase, aromatic L-amino acid and histamine methyltransferase. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Concentrations of histamine in plasma is dependent on the concentration of histamine in the tissues of ductal breast cancers. 2. Significant increases of histamine in cancerous tissues of ductal breast cancer could suggest the participation of this monoamine in the development of breast cancer. 3. The increase of histamine concentrations in ductal breast cancer tissues can be connected with disturbances in the balance between synthesis and enzymatic activation of this monoamine. 4. The concentration of histamine in plasma of women with ductal breast cancers is dependent on the number of lymph nodes and grade of histological malignancy.

An attempt at conservative treatment in selected cases of type I endometrial carcinoma (stage I a/G1) in young women.

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate an attempt of conservative treatment in selected cases of endometrial carcinoma Stage I A/type I in young women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised five young nulliparous women aged 24-38 (30.8 +/- 4.2) with well-defined type I endometrial carcinoma Stage I A/G1. Diagnostic dilatation and curettage (D&C) in these women was performed. Biochemical hormonal studies comprised the assessment of estrone, estradiol, progesterone, prolactin in basal conditions, prolactin after a metoclopramide test and total testosterone. In the treatment phase estriol was given intravaginally. Additionally progesterone was applied for 12 days in the second phase of therapeutic cycles. Moreover the women were given ergocryptine and metformin. RESULTS: After six months of therapy and during two years of follow-up histopathological examinations of material obtained from D&C the endometrial pattern was normal and free of cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS: 1) In selected cases the conservative treatment of young women diagnosed with type I endometrial carcinoma Stage I A/G1 could be indicated. 2) Conservative pharmacological treatment of young women with well-defined endometrial carcinoma Stage I A/G1 type I should be monitored with followup histopathological examinations of material obtained from D&C of the endometrium and assessment of concentrations of sex hormones in the serum. 3) This kind of therapy requires frequent and thorough gynecological and clinical follow-up.

Concentration of histamine in serum and tissues of the primary ductal breast cancers in women.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of histamine (HA) and the activities of their enzymes, namely histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and diaminooxydase (DAO) in 95 women with ductal breast cancer and in healthy women. The control group comprised 60 women without any pathological changes in their breasts, in whom mammoplasties were performed. In women with breast cancer the concentration of HA in serum was significantly higher than in healthy controls (9.1+/-3.2 vs. 5.9+/-3.1 nmol/l; P<0.001). The concentration of HA was significantly higher in neoplasmatic tissues of women with breast cancers than in unchanged tissues of healthy subjects in the control group (14.2+/-5.1 vs. 6.3+/-9.1 nmol/g; P<0.001). HDC activity was significantly elevated in cancerous tissues of women with breast cancer relative to unchanged tissues of healthy subjects (54.7+/-17.1 vs. 39.3+/-26.9 pmol/min per mg; P<0.01). However, the activity of DAO was significantly lower (14.0+/-0.4 vs. 36.1+/-9.7 pmol/min per mg; P<0.001) in neoplasmatic tissues than in normal tissues of healthy women. The adjacent healthy tissue of cancer revealed higher concentrations of HA than were found in unchanged tissues of healthy subjects (6.3+/-9.1 vs. 7.5+/-5.4 pmol/min per mg), but this difference did not reach statistical significance. The activity of HDC did not show any significant difference between the healthy tissues adjacent to cancer foci of women with breast cancer and normal tissues obtained from healthy subjects (39.3+/-26.9 vs. 34.5+/-24.3 pmol/min per mg). However, the activity of DAO was markedly lower than in unchanged tissues of healthy women in the control group (36.1+/-9.7 vs. 14.4+/-10.9 pmol/min per mg; P<0.001). The concentration of HA in cancerous tissues was significantly higher than in adjacent healthy tissues (14.2+/-5.1 vs. 7.5+/-5.4 nmol/g; P<0.001). The activity of HDC was significantly higher in cancerous tissues than in adjacent healthy tissues (54.7+/-17.1 vs. 34.5+/-24.3 pmol/min per mg; P<0.001), but there was no difference in the activity of DAO (14.0+/-6.4 vs. 14.4+/-10.9 pmol/min per mg). The significant elevation of HA concentration in cancerous tissues of women with the ductal breast cancers is caused by the increased synthesis and decreased inactivation of HA.

Histamine and epidermal growth factor in women with fibrocystic changes of the breast.

In this study, the blood serum concentrations of histamine (HA) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) of women with fibrocystic changes (FCCs) of the breast were estimated. The control group comprised 32 women (mean age 44.9+/-4.4 years) without any pathologic changes in their breasts. The study group was made up of 81 women (mean age 44.5+/-3.5 years) with FCCs. The changes were divided into three subtypes: fibrous, cystic, and fibrocystic. In women with FCCs the concentrations of HA (P<0.01) and EGF (P<0.01) were significantly higher than in women without any changes in their breasts (control group). The concentration of EGF in blood serum was significantly higher in women with the fibrocystic subtype of FCC (P<0.001) than in healthy women. No correlations between the blood serum concentrations of HA and of EGF were found in either the control group or the study group. The significantly higher blood serum concentrations of HA and EGF women with FCCs than in healthy women suggest that HA and EGF have a role in the development of this disease.

[Coefficient of linear correlation between levels of fibrinogen, antithrombin III, thrombin-antithrombin complex and lipid fractions in women exposed chronically to carbon disulfide]. / Wspólczynniki korelacji liniowej miedzy stezeniami fibrynogenu, antytrombiny III, kompleksów trombina-antytrombina a frakcjami lipidowymi u kobiet narazonych na przewlekle dzialanie dwusiarczku wegla.

The authors examined 65 women, aged 22-58 years. They were derived from two industrial populations of different production profiles, and divided into three groups. Group I--the control group--was composed of 20 women, mean age 44.5 +/- 12.02 years, employed in the DANA Enterprise, Szczecin, not exposed to carbon disulfide; Group II--the group studied--comprised 22 women, mean age 42.5 +/- 4.95 years, employed in the WISKORD Enterprise, Szczecin, chronically exposed to carbon disulfide at the concentration of 9.36-23.4 mg/m2; and Group III--included 23 women, mean age 46.7 +/- 8.81 years, suffering from diabetes mellitus II. The study reveals that carbon disulfide exerts significant adverse effect on plasma lipid fractions, and induces changes in the coagulation system, creating the risk of ischaemic diseases.

[Certain biochemical markers in women with abnormal states of the reproductive system]. / Niektóre markery biochemiczne u kobiet z zaburzeniami statyki ukladu plciowego.

The concentrations of collagen, hydroxyproline, glycosaminoglycans and estradiol were determined in 60 women aged 51 to 60 years (mean: 55.6 +/- 4.4). When compared with values from women with normal statics with women with lowered statics of the genital organ demonstrated significantly lower concentration of collagen (p < 0.05) in the teres ligaments. Women with prolapse of the genital organ had significantly lower concentration of estradiol in serum (p < 0.001) and of collagen (p < 0.01) in the teres ligaments, with significantly higher daily excretion of hydroxyproline (p < 0.01) and glycosaminoglycans (p < 0.001) in urine. In women with prolapse of the genital organ a significantly positive correlation between the concentration of estradiol and collagen (r = 0.76; p < 0.05) and negative correlation between the concentration of estradiol and hydroxyproline (r = -0.59; p < 0.05) and glycosaminoglycans (r = -0.61; p < 0.05) has been found.

[Levels of serotonin in plasma and activity of monoamine oxidase in serum and blood platelets of women with EPH gestosis]. / Stezenie serotoniny w osoczu i aktywnosc monoaminooksydazy w surowicy i plytkach krwi u kobiet w ciazy powiklanej EPH gestoza.

The study was performed on 70 pregnant women, divided into two groups: normal or EPH gestosis. The concentration of serotonin in plasma was determined according to Manuchin et al., the activity of monoamine oxidase was determined using the radioisotope method of Yuodim. Daily urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid was established with the method of Udenfriend et al. It was found that women with EPH gestosis have significantly higher (p < 0.01) plasma concentration of serotonin and significantly lower activities of MAO (p < 0.001) in serum and in blood platelets and urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (p < 0.05) than normal pregnant women.

[Excretion of free catecholamines in urine and water electrolyte balance in women with arterial hypertension during, before and after menopause]. / Wydalanie wolnych amin katecholowych z moczem i gospodarka wodno-elektrolitowa u kobiet z nadcisnieniem tetniczym w okresie prezed- I pomenopauzalnym.

This study was performed in 120 women, divided into two groups: premenopausal and early postmenopausal. The average age in the premenopausal group was 49.92 and in the postmenopausal group was 52.8 years. Each group was subdivided according to arterial pressure with normal pressure and arterial hypertension. Daily urinary excretion of catecholamines was determined to method of Euler and Lishajko. The concentration of sodium, potassium and calcium ions was determined using method of colorimetric by means of RA-1000 apparatus of Technicon make. The chloride concentration was determined using method of coulometric by means of CMT-10 apparatus of Radiometer make. It was found that women with menopausal arterial hypertension have significantly greater urinary excretion of adrenaline and have noradrenaline (p < 0.001) in the premenopausal period, and adrenaline (p < 0.01) in the postmenopausal period. Also for women with the menopausal arterial hypertension the concentration of sodium and potassium ions was significantly greater in serum, and no changes in urinary.

[The linear correlation coefficient of serotonin and prolactin concentrations in plasma of women chronically exposed to carbon disulfide]. / Wspólczynniki korelacji liniowej miedzy stezeniem serotoniny i prolaktyny u kobiet w okresie przekwitania, narazonych na przewlekle dzialanie dwusiarczku wegla.

A group of 70 women, examined clinically, was divided into two even subgroups: subgroup I--controls, aged 49.8 +/- 3.2 years, non-exposed to carbon disulfide (CS2), and subgroup II, aged 43.6 +/- 1.7 years chronically exposed to CS2 in concentration of 9.36--23.4 mg/m3. The concentration of CS2 was measured using Mc Cammon's method, concentration of serotonin in plasma by employing the colorimetric method according to Manuchin and the radioimmunological method was applied in measuring the prolactin concentration. Student-t test and Pearson's linear correlation coefficient "C" were used for the statistical analysis. It was found that in women exposed to CS2 serotonin and prolactin concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.001). The linear correlation between serotonin and prolactin concentrations was also significantly positive (r = 0.44; p 0.01) in women expose to carbon disulfide.

[Evaluation of the relationship between concentration of serotonin in plasma and blood platelets and hypertension in women chronically exposed to carbon disulfide]. / Ocena zaleznosci miedzy stezeniem serotoniny w osoczu i w plytkach krwi a cisnieniem tetniczym krwi u kobiet narazonych na przewlekle dzialanie dwusiarczku wegla.

Totally 140 women, aged 25-50 years, were examined clinically. They were divided into two groups. Group I, the controls, (n - 50; mean age 40.1 +/- 8.7) not exposed to carbon disulfide, and Group II (n = 90; mean age 39.7 +/- 9.1) exposed to carbon disulphide at concentration of 9.36-23.4 mg/m3. Concentration of serotonin in plasma and blood platelets was determined using Manuchin's colorimetric method. Student t-test and the Pearson linear correlation coefficient "C" were used for statistical analysis. It was found that women chronically exposed to carbon disulfide showed significantly higher values of serotonin concentration in plasma and thrombocytes (p < 0.001) that the controls. Also positive linear correlation was noted between concentration of serotonin and hypertension in women exposed to CS2.

[Concentration of dihydroepiandrosterone, dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate and testosterone during premature menopause in women chronically exposed to carbon disulfide]. / Stzenie dwuhydroepiandrosteronu (DHA), siarczanu dwuhydroepiandrosteronu (DHAS) i testosteronu w surowicy u kobiet w okresie przekwitania, narazonych na przewlekle dzialanie dwusiarczku wegla.

The authors examined clinically 1710 women. They were split into two groups depending on the type of work performed. Group I (mean age = 37.3 years; average employment period = 26.2 years) was not exposed to carbon disulfide. The incidence of premature menopause in this group was 8.05%. Group II (n = 717; mean age = 38.3 years; average employment period = 25.6 years) was exposed to CS2 concentration in the air ranging from 9.36 to 23.4 mg/m3. In this group 119 women (16.5%) showed symptoms of premature menopause. Concentration of androgens in serum was determined using radioimmunoassay. It was found that women chronically exposed to carbon disulfide had significantly lowered values for dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate (p < 0.001), total testosterone (p < 0.01) and free testosterone (p < 0.01) when compared with the controls. No difference was found in the concentration of dihydroepiandrosterone.

[Potentiometric determination of sodium and potassium in cervical mucus of women]. / Potencjometryczne oznaczanie sodu i potasu w sluzie szyjkowym u kobiet.

The study was performed in 67 healthy women aged 24-38 (28.41 +/- 2.4) years, divided into two groups: group I (control) included 22 women with biphasic menstrual cycles, group II included 21 women with monophasic cycles. The concentration of sodium and potassium in cervical mucus was measured with ion-selective electrodes. It was found that women with monophasic cycles had significantly (p < 0.001) lower levels of sodium than controls.

Concentration of dopamine in plasma, activity of dopamine beta-hydroxylase in serum and urinary excretion of free catecholamines and vanillylmandelic acid in women chronically exposed to carbon disulphide.

The authors studied 140 women, selected at random, aged 22-55, divided into two groups. Group I (control) included 50 women, mean age 40.1 +/- 1.7 years. Group II included 90 women, mean age 39.7 +/- 2.1 years, chronically exposed to 15.6 - 21.84 mg/m3 of carbon disulphide from 0.5 to over 20 years. It was found that women chronically exposed to CS2 showed significantly lower levels of dopamine and lower activities of DBH (p < 0.001), significantly lower urinary excretion of adrenaline (p < 0.001), but insignificantly lower excretion of noradrenaline and vanillylmandelic acid.

The pattern of some lipid fractions in the serum of women chronically exposed to carbon disulfide.

The present study was performed in 307 women, aged 25 to 55 years (mean 42.7 +/- 4.7). The control group included 70 women, aged 42.1 +/- 3.5 years, who had previously had no contact with CS2. The study group included 237 women, age 42.9 +/- 5.1 years, chronically exposed to 5 to 7 ppm level of CS2, monitored daily using a spectrophotometric method. It was found that quantitative abnormalities in the lipid fractions of blood in women chronically exposed to CS2 appear after the age of 39 years. They were manifested by a significant increase in the serum levels of total cholesterol and LDL-Ch, and a decrease in HDL-Ch. No differences were noted as to the concentration of free fatty acids between both groups.

[Effect of carbon disulfide on menopause in women]. / Wplyw dwusiarczku wegla na wystepowanie przekwitania u kobiet.

The authors examined clinically 1710 women. Among them 199 women with symptoms of menopause were selected and divided into two groups: group I (control) included 80 women without contact with carbon disulphide and group II (examined) included 119 women chronically exposed to carbon disulphide at a concentration of 9.36-23.4 mg/m3. Menopause was present in 16.59% of women chronically exposed to CS2 as compared with 8.05% of the normal population. The mean age at menopause was 48.1 years in group I and 43.9 in group II. Significantly more frequent headaches, weight gain and loss of libido (p < 0.01) were observed in women chronically exposed to CS2. While in the control group fatigue, palpitations and hot flushes were more often (p < 0.001). The concentrations of estrone (p < 0.01), estradiol, progesterone, 17-hydroxy-progesterone, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS) were significantly decreased in women chronically exposed to CS2 (p < 0.001). No difference in the level of dehydroepiandrosterone was found. The daily excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline in urine and concentrations of dopamine in plasma of women chronically exposed to CS2 were lower (p < 0.001), while the concentrations of serotonin and prolactin in plasma were higher (p < 0.001). No differences in the level of FSH or LH were noted between the two groups. Significant negative linear correlations between serotonin and FSH (r = -0.45; p < 0.01) serotonin and daily excretion of adrenalin (r = -0.43; p < 0.01) or noradrenalin (r = -0.58; p < 0.001) were found in the exposed group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Levels of catecholamines and activity of the renin-aldosterone system in women with hypertension in the period before and after menopause]. / Stezenie katecholamin i aktywnosc ukladu reninowo-aldosteronowego u kobiet z nadcisnieniem tetniczym w okresie przed-i pomenopauzalnym.

The examinations were carried out for 93 selected women divided into premenopausal group and the group in the early stage of postmenopausal period. Each of these groups was subdivided into two subgroups with normal blood pressure and arterial hypertension. The catecholamine level were determined fluorimetrically as per Euler and Lishajko, and the level of dopamine in plasma using Nagatsu's method. Angiotensin I and aldosterone concentration in serum was determined by radioimmunoassay using RIA set of Sorin. Free catecholamine excretion with urine for women with arterial hypertension in the premenopausal period is highly statistically (p < 0.001), and in the postmenopausal period only epinephrine is statistically higher (p < 0.01), whereas the dopamine level in plasma is smaller, statistically significant only in premenopausal period (p < 0.05). Also for women with the arterial hypertension compared with the control group the angiotensin I and aldosterone concentration in serum is statistically smaller.

[Urinary stress incontinence and equilibrium of the genitourinary tract in village women]. / Wysilkowe nietrzymanie moczu i statyka ukladu moczoplciowego u kobiet wiejskich.

This study was performed in 100 women aged 28 to 60 years, who had 1 to 6 physiological deliveries. The women were divided into two groups: 1) living in cities; 2) living in villages. The number of deliveries, miscarriages, birth weight of fetus and retention of urine were recorded. Bacterial cultures were also performed and the statics of the genitourinary system was investigated. The amount of urinary retention was standardized using a 3 degree scale. It was found that women living in village significantly less frequently demonstrate changes in the statics of the genitourinary system, urinary stress incontinence and retention, as well as infections of the urinary tract.

[Levels of thyroid hormones and thyrotropic hormone in serum of women with perimenopausal arterial hypertension]. / Stezenie hormonów tarczycy i hormonu tyreotropowego w surowicy u kobiet z nadcisnieniem tetniczym w okresie przekwitania.

Test carried out in 96 women aged between 43 to 55 years (50.46 +/- 4.7), who did not take any drugs during the last 3 months. The women were divided into two groups: premenopausal and early postmenopausal. Each group was subdivided according to blood pressure: with normal pressure and with arterial hypertension. The concentration of T4, T3 and TSH were measured using a radioimmunologic method. The saturation of carrier proteins was established with the T3/test, the result of which was used to divide T4 and T3 and to obtain FT4I and FT3I respectively. It was found that women with arterial hypertension have significantly higher (p < 0.001) TSH concentration. The concentration T3 and FT3I were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in women with arterial hypertension in the postmenopausal period.

[Excretion of free catecholamines in urine and activity of some enzymes involved in catecholamine metabolism with arterial hypertension during menopause]. / Wydalanie wolnych amin katecholowych z moczem i aktywnosc niektórych enzymów uczestiniczacych w ich przemianie u kobiet z nadcisnieniem tetniczym w okresie przekwitania.

This study was performed in 60 women aged between 47-55 years (mean age 50.46 +/- 1.7), divided into two groups: premenopausal and postmenopausal. Each group was subdivided according to arterial pressure: with normal pressure and arterial hypertension. Daily urinary excretion of catecholamines was determined according to method of Euler and Lishajko, the activity of dopamine--beta-hydroxylase in serum according to Nagatsu et al. The activity of catechol-O-methyltransferase in erythrocytes according to Axelrod et al., the activity monoamineoxidase in serum according to Wurtman et al. Daily urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid determined according to Pisano et al. It was found that women with menopausal arterial hypertension have significantly greater urinary excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline (p < 0.001) in the premenopausal period, and adrenaline (p < 0.01) in the postmenopausal period. The activity of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase did not differ from the control group. The activity of COMT in erythrocytes of women and MAO in serum of women with menopausal arterial hypertension was significantly lower. Daily urinary excretion of vanillinmandelic acid in women with menopausal arterial hypertension was significantly lower.

[Effect of immunotherapy on the level of immunoglobulin in serum of women with pruritus of the vulva]. / Wplyw immunoterapii na poziom immunoglobulin w surowicy u kobiet ze swiadem sromu.

This study was performed in 52 women in their early postmenopausal period, divided into two equal groups. The control group included women with menopausal symptoms only, women in the study group demonstrated also pruritus. All women were on estrogen replacement therapy, additionally a bacterial auto-vaccine was administered in the study group. The level of IgG, IgA, IgM was determined by radioimmunodiffusion, IgE with an immunoenzymatic method. It was found that women with pruritus of the vulva had lower levels of IgG and IgM and higher levels of IgA and IgE, as compared with the control group. The auto-vaccine caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase of IgG and IgM and significant (p < 0.05) decrease of IgA and IgE, as compared with initial values.