[The separate determination of pulmonary vital capacity by spirography in combination with zonal rheopneumography]. / Razdel'noe opredelenie zhiznennoi emkosti legkikh s pomoshch'iu spirografii v sochetanii s zonal'noi reopnevmografiei.

The authors purpose and describe a method for separate determination of vital lung capacitance for each lung based on zonal rheopneumography and general spirography. Comparison of data obtained by this method as compared with results of radioisotope examination of the lungs revealed a high degree of correlation between them. The method was used in 5000 patients and proved highly effective.

[The use of ceruloplasmin in combination with adjuvant polychemotherapy in stomach cancer]. / Primenenie tseruloplazmina v sochetanii s ad''iuvantnoi polikhimioterapiei pri rake zheludke.

Ceruloplasmin as a modulator was used for the first time in the clinical practice in 30 patients with gastric cancer in the course of postoperative intraabdominal adjuvant chemotherapy. It was established that ceruloplasmin was well tolerated by the patients and its use during polychemotherapy is accompanied by normalization of the levels of natural ceruloplasmin and iron in the blood serum that are usually reduced in patients with gastric cancer, reduces activation of lipid peroxidation and improves the course of postoperative period. Ceruloplasmin possesses a week immunomodulating action in polychemotherapy which is expressed in the increase of the percentage content of T-lymphocytes. Use of ceruloplasmin tended to improve the functional state of the cardiovascular system.

[Reactions of the cardiovascular system to volume load and strophanthin administration in the early period after radical thoraco-abdominal surgical interventions in cancer patients]. / Reaktsii serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy na ob"emnuiu nagruzku i vvedenie strofantina v rannem periode posle radikal'nykh torakoabdominal'nykh khirurgicheskikh vmeshatel'stv u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Cardiovascular reactions were assessed in 65 cancer patients who had been given volume load to the heart with sequential strophanthin in early postoperative period following thoraco-abdominal surgery. Positive hemodynamic reaction to the volume load was observed in 60% of cases whereas negative--in 35.4% while after strophanthin treatment the figures were 52.3 and 43.1%, respectively. Combination of values observed in the two tests proved indicative of the pathogenetic mechanism underlying postoperative circulatory disorders: cardiac failure, hypovolemia or syndrome of peripheral vasoconstriction. These data should be considered in choosing infusion and other medicinal treatment in early postoperative period.

[Prevention of postoperative complications in the surgical treatment of cancer of the lung, esophagus, stomach, large intestine and the rectum in patients over 60 years old]. / Profilaktika posleoperatsionnykh oslozhnenii pri khirurgicheskom lechenii raka legkogo, pishchevoda, zheludka, tolstoi i priamoi kishki u bol'nykh starshe 60 let.

The study including 414 patients aged over 60 years suffering lung esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancer was carried out to assess the possibility of preventing postoperative complications. Preoperative preparation, anesthesiologic medication and drug treatment in the early postoperative period included vitamins, eleutherococcus, sodium oxybutyrate, retabolil, splenin, curantyl, heparin, panangin, sulfalen and trichopol. In that group, the overall postoperative complication rate was 1.5 times lower and that of purulent complications, cardiovascular disorders, pneumonia and pancreatitis--2 times lower than those in 642 controls. The duration of postoperative stay in the hospital was shorter and the postoperative lethality tended to decrease. Topical treatment with methylsiloxane-immobilized gentamycin and 5-fluorouracil was shown to prevent development of purulent complications and pancreatitis.

[The effect of hemosorption on the intensity of spontaneous chemiluminescence of the blood]. / Vliianie gemosorbtsii na intensivnost' spontannoi khemiliuminestsentsii krovi.

1 day after intensive irradiation of cancer patients chemiluminescent (CL) signal of blood sera is considerably enhanced. Hemoperfusion (HP) decreases it by 62%, with the following slight increase in CL intensity. 42-47% increase in electrokinetic erythrocyte potential registered in patients after HP, as well as a certain decrease in blood viscosity may be considered as an indirect explanation of the mechanism of triboluminescence of human blood during HP.

[Functional status of the cardiovascular system in Hodgkin's disease and the effect of radiotherapy]. / Funktsional'noe sostoianie serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy pri limfogranulematoze i vliianie na nego luchevoi terapii.

The main indices of cardiohemodynamics, phase structure of the cardiac cycle and ECG were studied in 34 patients with Hodgkin's disease aged 16 to 43: before the initiation of therapy, after a course of radiotherapy and in long term after therapy. The patients were characterized by tachycardia increasing with a degree of a process, ECG signs of myocardiodystrophy, a tendency to the formation of the phase syndrome of hypodynamia, slight pulmonary hypertension, a decrease in AP and peripheral vascular resistance. After a course of radiotherapy according to a radical program functional indices of the cardiovascular system in most of the patients returned to normal. However signs of radiation pericarditis with a favorable clinical course developed in some patients. Long after therapy positive changes in the cardiovascular system were noted among patients with IIA stage, negative shifts were noted in patients with III-IV stage.

[Hemosorption detoxication in combined therapy of postoperative diffuse peritonitis in cancer patients]. / Gemosorbtsionnaia detoksikatsiia v kompleksnoi terapii posleoperatsionnykh razlitykh peritonitov u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Hemosorption was used in complex treatment of postoperative diffuse peritonitis in 69 cancer patients. A pronounced detoxicating effect manifested itself in removal of toxic metabolites from blood matched by an improvement in liver, kidney and cardiovascular function and blood rheologic properties. As a result, lethality rate fell to as low as 69.6% versus 88% in a group of 73 patients in whom the procedure was not used.

[Changes in the hemodynamics and phase structure of the cardiac cycle in the early postoperative period in patients with lung, esophageal, stomach and rectal cancers]. / Izmeneniia gemodinamiki i fazovoi struktury serdechnogo tsikla v rannii posleoperatsionnyi period u bol'nykh rakom legkogo, pishchevoda, zheludka i priamoi kishki.

Early postoperative changes in cardiac hemodynamics were studied in 222 patients with cancer of the lung, esophagus, stomach and rectum. They took form of operative stress--associated sympathoadrenal stimulation of the heart, such as tachycardia, shorter period of isometric contraction, increased dP/dt and hyperdynamic syndrome. In cases of radical surgery, the said disorders were accompanied by decreased circulating blood and stroke volumes and, in most patients, by lowered cardiac output and blood pressure matched by enhanced peripheral vascular resistance. The said disturbances were more pronounced and persisted longer in cases of combined treatment, patients aged over 60 years and those with preexisting heart pathology. A correlation was established between the extent of these disorders, on the one hand, and blood loss and sympathoadrenal system response to operative stress, on the other.

[Preoperative hemosorption in cancer patients with mechanical jaundice]. / Predoperatsionnaia gemosorbtsiia u onkolochiskich bol'nykh s mekhanicheskoi zheltukhoi.

The study was concerned with postoperative course and dynamics of biochemical indexes for liver function and degree of intoxication in 47 cancer patients suffering mechanical jaundice. The patients received hemosorption preoperatively. Hemosorption was found to significantly increase the efficacy of detoxifying therapy and to contribute to prevention of postoperative complications and lethality.

[Cardiovascular complications in the early postoperative period following thoraco-abdominal surgery]. / Serdechno-sosudistye oslozhneniia v rannem posleoperatsionnom periode pri torakoabdominal'nykh vmeshatel'stvakh.

The rate and pattern of primary postoperative cardiovascular complications were studied in 7,986 cancer patients who underwent thoracoabdominal surgery. The complication rate was 2.99%. The lethality rate in patients with complications was 10.0%. Such factors as the age over 60 years, concomitant heart pathology, surgical manipulation in thoracic cavity and mediastinum alone or in combination with preoperative radiation appeared to enhance the risk for postoperative cardiovascular complications development.

[The sympathetic-adrenal and hypophyseal-adrenal systems in the preoperative irradiation of patients with cancer of the esophagus and cardia]. / Simpatiko-adrenalovaia i gipofizarno-nadpochechnikovaia sistemy pri predoperatsionnom obluchenii bol'nykh rakom pishchevoda i kardii.

A study was made of 74 patients with esophageal and cardiac cancer, Stages II and IV. The excretion of catecholamines, corticosteroids and their precursors was studied, tests with adrenalin before and after preoperative irradiation at a summary dose of 30 Gy were done. It has been shown that before the start of radiation therapy the excretion of catecholamines and corticosteroids is lowered, the reaction to adrenalin administration is negative in most patients, the phase syndrome of cardiac hypodynamics associated with disturbed function of the sympathoadrenal system was revealed. After irradiation DOPA and dopamine excretion gets still lower whereas adrenalin excretion remains at the initial reduced level, the level of noradrenalin increases but does not achieve the normal level, i. e. a predominant decrease of catecholamine synthesis is observed. Adrenalin tests after irradiation revealed the depletion of the reaction of the cardiovascular system interrelated, to a great extent, with the activity of the sympathoadrenal system. Preoperative irradiation in patients with esophageal and cardiac cancer results in an increased excretion of 17-ketosteroids (17-KS) and 17-ketogenic steroids, however 17-KS excretion does not reach the normal level. For better tolerance of irradiation and for a radiosensitization effect testenate is administered to patients before and during radiation therapy. The administration of testenate 7-10 days before the start and during radiotherapy proved to be effective which was confirmed by noticeable necrobiotic and necrotic changes of cancer cells.