Subject(s)
Digestive System/radiation effects , Genitalia, Female/radiation effects , Radiation Injuries/etiology , Urinary Tract/radiation effects , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Adult , Aged , Bone Marrow/radiation effects , Cardiovascular System/radiation effects , Endocrine System/radiation effects , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Musculoskeletal System/radiation effects , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Respiratory System/radiation effectsABSTRACT
The concept of small radiation dose is uncertain. Usually, doses below 300 mSv are considered as small. In this work, a mathematical approach is used to consider changes in peripheral blood count caused by exposure to an effective dose below 1 mSv. The ACS-ENOFIT device is used to assess the efficiency of treatment of a number of diseases. The results obtained in this work show that an analytical method should be used for determination of the dose value and monitoring of changes in the systems of human body.
Subject(s)
Physical Examination , Radiation Dosage , Radiation Protection/methods , Radiography/adverse effects , Humans , X-RaysABSTRACT
Typical procedures for introduction of the ACS-ENOFIT system into use in medical institutions are considered. The ACS-ENOFIT system can be used for health status monitoring on the basis of analysis of standard peripheral blood count.
Subject(s)
Blood Cell Count/instrumentation , Mass Screening/instrumentation , Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation , Physical Examination/instrumentation , HumansABSTRACT
Software for estimation of the health state of human body and its systems on the basis of blood parameters is described. The software uses ACS-ENOFIT analytical model based on image recognition theory and cluster analysis. This analytical method makes it possible to assess the state of patient's health and the state of each of the 10 body systems. Thus, prophylactic X-ray examination based on measurement of blood parameters makes it possible to reveal various disorders at different stages of development.
Subject(s)
Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Chemistry, Analytic/methods , Radiation Monitoring/methods , Software , Chemistry, Analytic/instrumentation , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Humans , Occupational Exposure , Power Plants , Radioactive Hazard Release , Reference Values , Russia , UkraineABSTRACT
The health state of personnel of the Radiology Department of Bryansk Regional Oncological Dispensary before and after Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster is analyzed using an automated classifying system. The system operation is based on analysis of peripheral blood count.
Subject(s)
Medical Oncology , Occupational Exposure , Occupational Health , Radiology , Chernobyl Nuclear Accident , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Power Plants , Radiation Monitoring/methods , Radioactive Hazard Release , Russia , Ukraine , WorkforceABSTRACT
Potentialities of analyzing the health condition of human organism and of its separate systems, i.e. digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, etc., by the peripheral-blood parameters and with the help of the suggested AKS-ENOFIT analytical system are demonstrated in the paper.
Subject(s)
Blood Cells/physiology , Blood Chemical Analysis , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/methods , Blood Chemical Analysis/instrumentation , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Digestive System Diseases/blood , Digestive System Diseases/diagnosis , Endocrine System Diseases/blood , Endocrine System Diseases/diagnosis , Respiratory Tract Diseases/blood , Respiratory Tract Diseases/diagnosis , SoftwareABSTRACT
The condition of the body subjected to low radiation doses was studied by using an automatic classification system. It was for the first time, that a scheme of action within the range of 1-1.5 mSv/y was described. The experimental results are substantiated by an extensive proof.
Subject(s)
Radiation Effects , Adaptation, Physiological , Cesium Radioisotopes/blood , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Humans , Radiation Dosage , Radiation, Ionizing , Radioactive Hazard Release , Retrospective Studies , Ukraine , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
The first part of this paper is published in the journal "Meditsinskaya Tekhnika" (Medical Engineering), No. 2, 2002. The paper analyzes the data available in the literature and the authors' own findings relating to the effects of small-dosage ionizing radiation on the human health status and on biological objects.
Subject(s)
Health Status , Radiation, Ionizing , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , HumansABSTRACT
The paper analyzes the data available in the literature and the authors' own findings relating to the effects of low-dose ionizing radiation on biological objects, which confirm a higher likelihood of general somatic diseases upon exposure to small dosages (as low as 200 meq).
Subject(s)
Radiation, Ionizing , Dose-Response Relationship, RadiationABSTRACT
While processing blood values by an automatic classifying system, human beings can be divided into healthy (normal) and unhealthy (ill) persons. In so doing, one can evaluate the status of the body's individual systems (gastrointestinal tract, respiratory organs, locomotor apparatus, heart and vessels, urinary, endocrine, hemopoietic, and female genital organs, the central nervous system), which allows a physician to find a source of poor health from the very onset of disease.
Subject(s)
Diagnostic Services , Hematologic Tests , Medical Records Systems, Computerized , Public Health , Adult , Algorithms , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Theoretical , Moscow , Risk Factors , RussiaABSTRACT
Human peripheral blood values are used to define an effective dose at X-ray study. Processing is made on a technical unit comprising a blood analyzer and a computer supplied by a so-called automatic classifying system. The program is based on the recognition of images with nonstatistical assessment. A dose-effect could be first plotted in the range of effective single radiation doses of 0.8-25 mZv.
Subject(s)
Radiography/methods , Adult , Blood Cells/radiation effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Humans , Middle Aged , Radiation Dosage , Radiography/instrumentation , Radiography/statistics & numerical data , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted/instrumentationABSTRACT
The paper proposes how to determine an effective radiation dose for patients undergone X-ray examinations, which includes the estimation of the size of a field while measuring the superficial dose and the assessment of an experiment protocol by taking into account the X-ray receiver used to measure exposure.
Subject(s)
Radiation Dosage , Radiography/instrumentation , Adult , Age Factors , Child , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Models, TheoreticalABSTRACT
Developing the controlling techniques for dose loads in patients has led to the introduction of methods for evaluating the new dosimetric value an effective dose. When it is determined, regular refinement of calculating multiples causes errors as hundredths of a percent. Therefore, in addition to tabulated techniques of evaluating the effective dose and direct measurement of the dose absorbed per radiation area, one can determine midpoint exposure of an X-ray feeding device and use a translating program implemented in the Indor-C indicating device designed by the authors. In going from 60 kW to 120 kW, changes in the superficial dose by 15-50%, the absorbed dose by 10-45%, the 5-cm depth dose by 3-5 times can be neglected.
Subject(s)
Radiation Dosage , Radiography/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Theoretical , Phantoms, Imaging , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
The effect of therapy of malignancies is at present monitored by X-ray procedures on the basis of the dynamics of the size of lesion. Since such approach fails to provide data on the structure of lesion changes and response to treatment, it is suggested that structural changes in cells of exposed tissues can by monitored by using densitometric data obtained from mammograms and (computed) tomograms, to assess density changes in tumor and adjacent normal tissues. Recovery involves certain systemic changes which can be identified using certain peripheral blood indices; the latter are evaluated using non-statistical applications of the theory of pattern recognition and cluster analysis.
Subject(s)
Densitometry , Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Breast Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Cluster Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Mammography , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The paper proposes a procedure for processing computed tomograms, which records changes in the density and size of the tissue portion exposed to radiation within the preset cross section of layers. Examples of management of 4 patients with various tumorous processes on radiation therapy are presented. The procedure of computed diagnostic processing of computed tomograms gives rather new quantitative information on the changes occurring in the pathological focus and its adjacent healthy tissues, which may lead to the efficiency of radiation therapy.
Subject(s)
Liposarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Liposarcoma/radiotherapy , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted , Sarcoma/diagnostic imaging , Sarcoma/radiotherapy , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Humans , Male , Models, Theoretical , Radiotherapy Dosage , SoftwareABSTRACT
Computed tomography assesses the linear coefficient of X-ray radiation decrease in the tissue and hence determines changes in its density thus allowing one to control the destruction of tumor cells and tissues during treatment. The paper proposes a procedure for determining the sizes and density of a tumor along the chosen linear direction crossing the image of a pathological focus. The whole procedure is performed by the special computer programme "Diaglmag". The equations that characterize the dynamics of using the parameters used before, during, and after treatment are presented. Baseline information on the optic image densities on a computer tomogram is obtained with a graphic scanner. The examples presented in the paper show it feasible to solve a difficult task to determine the effect of treatment. This enables a treatment regimen to be corrected in time or modified.
