ABSTRACT
It is difficult to assess the damage resulting from crush or avulsion injuries so they may be treated adequately. The authors present a systematic approach to evaluating tissue involved in foot trauma. They also discuss antibiotic and tetanus prophylaxis and a technique of bacterial quantification that is helpful in determining the advisability of primary or delayed wound closure.
Subject(s)
Foot Injuries , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Follow-Up Studies , Foot/surgery , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Tendon Injuries/surgery , Tendon Injuries/therapy , Tetanus Toxoid/administration & dosage , Therapeutic IrrigationABSTRACT
Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) fracture-dislocations can be very difficult to recognize radiographically. The evaluation of the Lisfranc joint can be simplified by meticulously studying the alignment of the metatarsal bases with their corresponding tarsal bones. The usefulness of this observation has been confirmed by: anatomic descriptions, biomechanical analysis, and clinical foot radiographs. Subtle abnormalities identified at the Lisfranc joint using this observation included: metatarsal subluxations identified only on a single projection, associated tarsal subluxations and dislocations, irreducible metatarsal subluxations after closed manipulation, and recurrent metatarsal subluxations after reduction.
Subject(s)
Fractures, Bone/diagnostic imaging , Joint Dislocations/diagnostic imaging , Metatarsus/injuries , Tarsal Joints/injuries , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Metatarsus/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Radiography , Tarsal Bones/diagnostic imaging , Tarsal Bones/injuries , Tarsal Joints/diagnostic imagingSubject(s)
Polyradiculopathy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Polyradiculopathy/diagnosis , Polyradiculopathy/etiology , SyndromeABSTRACT
By analyzing published geochemical data on xenon isotopes measured in a 2.46 x 10(9)-year-old telluride ore, a lower limit of 1.6 x 10(25) years has been obtained for the mean lifetime of the nucleons in the tellurium-130 nucleus. This result is insensitive to the particular mode by which the nucleons decay and therefore provides a rigorous limit on possible baryon number nonconservation. The new limit is about two orders of magnitude better than the previous rigorous limit on nucleon stability.
