[Protective efficacy of combined administration of the multicomponent vaccine and the immunomodulator myelopid in experimental infections in mice]. / Protektivnaia éffektivnost' sovmestnogo primeneniia polikomponentnoi vaktsiny i immunomoduliatora mielopida na model'nykh infektsiiakh myshei.

The influence of myelopid (MP) on the protective activity of polycomponent vaccine VP-4 prepared from the antigens of opportunistic bacteria was studied on experimental infections of mice, caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. In staphylococcal and Klebsiella infections the joint administration of vaccine VP-4 and MP produced more pronounced protective effect than each of these preparations, introduced alone. The protective action of vaccine VP-4 was specially enforced by MP in cases of local staphylococcal infection. Recommendations on the joint use of two or more immunomodulating agents are possible only on the basis of the experimental substantiation of their effect in definite infections.

[Current approaches to the prevention of infectious complications in heart surgery]. / Sovremennye podkhody k profilaktike infektsionnykh oslozhnenii v kardiokhirurgii.

Due to changes of humoral immunity, patients with rheumatic heart disease present, even before the operation, a high-risk group with regard to the development of infectious complications. Contamination of intraoperative material was revealed in 61.7% of cases during the operation. Extracorporeal circulation increases the cefotaxime half-life period which is in direct proportional dependence of the period of time between the beginning of the administration of the agent and the beginning of extracorporeal circulation. Immunocorrection by means of myelopid in the early postoperative period accelerates restoration of cellular and humoral immunity, and reduces the frequency of pneumonia occurrence and suppuration of the postoperative wound. Therefore, the prevention of infectious complications after operations on an open heart should be complex and should include broad-spectrum antibiotics and immunocorrective therapy.

[The characteristics of the immune status of patients with Alzheimer's disease]. / Nekotorye osobennosti immunnogo statusa patsientov s bolezn'iu Al'tsgeimera.

Disorders seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease are also related to the pathology of immunity. In order to study it in a more detailed manner, some immunity parameters were examined in 30 patients with Alzheimer's disease, 15 patients with Huntington's chorea which may have similar mechanisms of immunologic defects, and 15 healthy donors. A study was also made of the capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes to respond to polyclonal mitogens in blast transformation test and according to the production of immunoglobulins in vitro. The subpopulation composition of these cells was investigated as well. A significant rise of the count of C 8+ lymphocytes, depression of proliferative response, low spontaneous and high Phytolacca mitogen-stimulated immunoglobulin production have been revealed. The changes recorded in Huntington's chorea had the same nature of development. The disorders revealed allow a conclusion about an important role that may be played by the immune system in these degenerative diseases of the brain.

[Results of clinico-immunological testing of myelopid in chronic forms of multiple sclerosis]. / Rezul'taty kliniko-immunologicheskogo ispytaniia mielopida pri khronicheskikh formakh rasseiannogo skleroza.

Forty patients with a verified diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), the majority of whom had the secondary progressive form of the disease, received a short-term treatment with myelopid (MP). After this 10 patients were given a long-term treatment with MP. The clinical trial was carried out by the double blind method using placebo. The patients' status was estimated by special evaluation scales (clinical), immunoassays (the content of T lymphocyte subpopulations, reaction of blast transformation of leukocytes to mitogens under different conditions of cultivation including that in the presence of 0.3 micrograms/ml MP, by assessment of the production and activity of interleukin-2), by the method of evoked potentials and NMR tomography. 60% of the patients manifested an improvement of the clinical status after the short-term MP treatment, which was accompanied by positive dynamics of evoked potentials and a decrease of the functional activity of the cells in the reaction of blast transformation of leukocytes. In such patients, MS ran a more favourable course during 0.5-1.5 years of observation. In 8 patients with the immunologic signs of the pathological process activation, the clinical status worsened after MP. The correlation and regression analyses allowed one to specify the clinico-immunologic indications and contraindications for MP administration. The clinico-immunologic changes noted were not recorded after placebo. In the patients receiving the long-term treatment, one could see a further decline of the functional activity of the cells in the reaction of blast transformation of leukocytes, a rise of the content of T suppressors/killers in the blood, a favourable clinical course of MS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Comparison of proliferative and immunoglobulin-secreting capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy persons and patients with B-cell immunoproliferative diseases]. / Sravnenie proliferativnoi i immunoglobulin sekretiruiushchei sposobnosti limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi zdorovykh liudei i bol'nykh s B-kletochnym immunoproliferativnym zabolevaniem.

The proliferative response and in vitro immunoglobulin production induced polyclonal activators were studied in 12 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and in 15 healthy individuals. The spontaneous production of IgM was decreased. PWM-induced immunoglobulin production of the peripheral blood lymphocytes was the same.

[The effect of myelopid on antibody formation in gamma-irradiated animals]. / Vliianie mielopida na antiteloobrazovanie u gamma-obluchennykh zhivotnykh.

The effect of a new immunocorrecting preparation, Myelopid, on the antibody-forming cell content of mouse spleen after gamma-irradiation (1-3 Gy) has been investigated. The preparation administered after immunization of mice with sheep erythrocytes increases the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen, the effect being a function of radiation dose and time interval between the exposure and immunization. The preparation is ineffective when delivered after irradiation, but prior to immunization.

[Regulation by myelopid of immunoglobulin production in culture of human peripheral blood lymphocytes in normal and secondary immunodeficient state]. / Reguliatsiia mielopidom produktsii immunoglobulinov v kul'ture limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi cheloveka v norme i pri vtorichnom immunodefitsitnom sostoianii.

The effect of myelopid (MP) on the in vitro antibody production in man in norm and secondary postoperative immunodeficiency state, as well as the effect of immunocorrection therapy with MP on PWM-induced antibody production in LPB cultures during postoperative period have been studied. A stimulating effect of MP on IgA and IgM production in LPB cultures on the 8th day after an operation were only observed in case of PWM stimulation. In early postoperative period, the LPB cultures of patients did not respond to PWM and were not sensitive to MP. In case of immunocorrection with MP in postoperative period, a noticeable response to PWM was observed in vitro on the 8th day, after the operation, whereas sensitivity to MP in vitro was not observed.

[Use of myelopid in the complex treatment of patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis]. / Primenenie mielopida v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh destruktivnym tuberkulezom legkikh.

A complex immunotherapy regimen containing myelopid in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs was prescribed for 30 patients aged from 17 to 54 years and suffering from destructive pulmonary tuberculosis. It was proved that a complex treatment favored the normalization of the main immunologic indices, thus greatly increasing the efficacy of pulmonary tuberculosis patient management.

[Various aspects of the status of humoral immunity in patients after surgical correction of rheumatic heart defects under artificial circulation]. / Nekotorye aspekty sostoianiia gumoral'nogo immuniteta u bol'nykh posle khirurgicheskoi korrektsii revmaticheskikh porokov serdtsa v usloviiakh iskusstvennogo krovoobrashcheniia.

The serum concentrations of immunoglobulins A, M, and G were studied in 70 patients with rheumatic heart diseases and in 72 patients with spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen-induced production of these immunoglobulins and mononuclear peripheral blood cells. The investigations were done before and 1-2 and 7-8 days after surgery. Some patients received myelopid in the early postoperative period in addition to the conventional methods of therapy. With high serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels, reduced humoral immunity was noted. Within the first two days after the operation, the capability of cells to produce IgA and IgG in response to pokeweed mitogen stimulation was lost, the induced IgM production was reduced considerably, and the serum IgA and IgM levels fell significantly. Eight days after surgery, the immune response was partially recovered. Myelopid facilitates complete restoration of humoral immunity and reduces the incidence of postoperative pneumonia more than threefold.

[Effect of myelopeptides on the synthesis of DNA and total protein in the cells of the lymphoid organs in the mouse]. / Izuchenie deistviia mielopeptidov na sintez DNK i summarnogo belka v kletkakh limfoidnykh organov myshi

Using double 3H-thymidine/14C-amino acid label, the influence of myelopeptides (MP) on chromosomal DNA and total protein (without histones) synthesis has been studied in vitro in mouse lymphoid organ cells. It has been shown that MP cause a decrease in DNA labelling and a parallel increase in protein labelling in bone marrow cells and have practically no effect on these two parameters in thymus, lymph node and spleen cells. It has been found that MP have only mitogenic effect on the above-mentioned organ cells, but in combination with 2-mercaptoethanol. The data obtained show that MP possess the properties of cell-differentiating factors.

[Effect of B-activin on the rosette-forming capacity of mouse lymphocytes at the peak of a secondary immune response to ram erythrocytes]. / Vliianie B-aktivna na rozetkoobrazuiushchuiu sposobnost' limfotsitov myshei na pike vtorichnogo immunnogo otveta na éritrotsity barana.

The effect of B-activin secreted by bone-marrow cells in response to the expression of antigen-recognizing receptors at the peak of immune response to SRBC was studied. A negative correlation between the number of immune RFC and antibody-producing cells under the influence of B-activin was established. It was shown that the decrease in the number of immune RFC was the result of precommitted B-lymphocyte maturation into plasmatic cells.

[Stimulant of antibody producers isolated from the supernatants of cell cultures of normal human bone marrow and in various diseases]. / Stimuliator antiteloprodutsentov, vydelennyi iz supernatantov kul'tur kletok kostnogo mozga cheloveka v norme i pri razlichnykh zabolevaniiakh.

The biological activity of a stimulant of antibody producers (SAP) isolated from normal human bone marrow was studied and compared with that of a stimulant of antibody producers from the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphosarcoma, and multiple myeloma. The activity of the SAP from human bone marrow in health was similar to that of analogous transmitters from the bone marrow of other species of the mammals and birds. The activity of the SAP in patients with multiple myeloma was elevated, whereas in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia, it was lowered.