Chylothorax--a rare complication after cardiac surgery (a case report).

Chylothorax is a rare but severe complication of cardiac surgery. The authors present the case of a 76-year-old woman suffering from ischemic heart disease, after coronary artery bypass grafting that included a left internal mammary artery pedicle graft. On the ninth postoperative day the left-sided fluidothorax developed. The results of biochemical analysis were consistent with the chyle. Combined treatment with pleural drainage and total parenteral nutrition was effective.

Controlled hemostasis in thoracic surgery using drugs with oxidized cellulose.

The authors demonstrate the possibility of improving surgical results by the reduction of perioperative bleeding in thoracic surgery associated with extended resection procedures. We focused on patients in whom the expected perioperative blood loss was greater than 500 ml. The first group consisted of patients with lung cancer stage III A after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had been indicated to extend the resection procedure. The second group consisted of patients with chest wall and mediastinum tumors of various etiologies. The third group consisted of patients with post-inflammatory thoracic complications in whom combined decortication and pleurectomy was necessary. By the using the local hemostyptic Traumastem TAF on the basis of oxidized cellulose, it is possible to minimize the perioperative blood loss, thus sparing the blood derivative requirement and enabling surgeons to provide the desired treatment even to high-risk patients.

Ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm: case report.

Bronchial artery aneurysm is a very rare condition. Its rupture can cause a life threatening hemorrhage. We report a case of a 50-year-old patient with a ruptured bronchial artery aneurysm who presented with epigastric pain. It is the first published case with such signs of a rupture of a bronchial artery aneurysm. CT scan confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was treated with endovascular embolization.

[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of bronchial carcinoid]. / Diagnostika a chirurgická lécba bronchiálního karcinoidu.

The purpose of this study was to look at the clinical behaviour of bronchial carcinoids and clarify a surgical approach. Over 30 years 61 patients with a final histological diagnosis of carcinoid tumours were assessed for surgery. All patients were retrospectively reviewed for clinicopathological variables, surgical management and outcome. Tumours were considered typical and atypical based on histological features. The mean age at presentation was 46 years (range 11-69). Overall survival in the group of typical carcinoids was 96%, and 67% in the group of atypical carcinoids.

[Bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy]. / Bronchopleurální pístel po pneumonektomii.

We retrospectively reviewed the incidence of bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy. The records of 844 consecutive patients who underwent pneumonectomy within a period between the January 1962 and December 2000 either for the lung cancer or for benign diseases have been assessed. There were 12 cases of bronchopleural fistula representing an incidence of 1.42 %. All operations were performed using an uniform hand suture technique. Eight fistulas developed in patients who underwent pneumonectomy for lung cancer while four occurred in patients with benign diseases. Bronchial dehiscence was confirmed by bronchography or bronchoscopy in each patient. Resuturing of the stump and single completed muscle flap closure was performed in five patients. In three patients with very small fistulas we used the drainage of the pleural cavity and antibiotics only. Three other patients were treated by thoracoplasty. In one patient bronchoscopy closure by tissue adhesive and bone graft was done. The treatment was successful in nine patients from our set while the other three developed fatal complications.