ABSTRACT
A polyphasic identification approach was applied to a group of 11 novobiocin-resistant staphylococci isolated from human clinical materials. Phenotypic characteristics obtained by both commercial and conventional tests assigned eight strains as Staphylococcus xylosus and three strains as ambiguous S. xylosus/Staphylococcus equorum. In contrast to biotyping, ribotyping with EcoRI and HindIII restriction endonucleases and whole-cell protein fingerprinting assigned six analysed strains as S. equorum, and five strains as Staphylococcus succinus. Confirmation of the identification was done by partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing and S. equorum isolates were verified by a PCR assay targeting the sodA gene. From the data it has been implied that ribotyping and whole-cell protein analysis can be used to differentiate between the biochemically almost indistinguishable species S. xylosus, S. equorum and S. succinus. The present study confirms what is believed to be the first occurrence of S. equorum in a relevant human clinical material in the Czech Republic and describes what is believed to be the first-ever isolation of S. succinus from human clinical material.
Subject(s)
Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology , Staphylococcus/classification , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/analysis , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Child , Cluster Analysis , DNA, Bacterial/chemistry , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , Novobiocin/pharmacology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Proteome/analysis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Ribotyping , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Staphylococcus/genetics , Staphylococcus/physiology , Superoxide Dismutase/geneticsABSTRACT
Eight coagulase-negative, oxidase-negative and novobiocin-susceptible staphylococcal strains were isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of South American squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus L.). These strains were differentiated from known staphylococcal species on the basis of 16S rRNA gene and hsp60 gene sequencing, and from the most closely related species by using DNA-DNA hybridization, ribotyping, whole-cell protein profiles and biotyping. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that these strains are members of the Staphylococcus aureus species group (99% similarity) but are biochemically similar to Staphylococcus piscifermentans, from which they can be phenotypically distinguished by resistance to polymyxin B, acid production from D-mannitol, the inability to hydrolyse aesculin and DNA and the absence of alpha-glucosidase. On the basis of these analyses, a novel species of the genus Staphylococcus is described, for which the name Staphylococcus simiae sp. nov. is proposed, with CCM 7213(T) (=LMG 22723(T)) as the type strain.
Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Tract/microbiology , Saimiri/microbiology , Staphylococcus/classification , Animals , Bacterial Proteins/analysis , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Chaperonin 60/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Genes, rRNA , Molecular Sequence Data , Nucleic Acid Hybridization , Phylogeny , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Ribotyping , Sequence Analysis, DNA , South America , Staphylococcus/genetics , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification , Staphylococcus/physiologyABSTRACT
A polyphasic taxonomic approach was applied to strains of the species Staphylococcus vitulinus and Staphylococcus pulvereri in order to clarify their taxonomic relatedness. Four reference strains, representing both species, and seven strains isolated from human clinical material were characterized by biotyping, ribotyping and SDS-PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins, and none of the screening approaches allowed the two taxa to be distinguished. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between four selected representative strains, including the type strains, confirmed that Staphylococcus pulvereri is a later synonym of Staphylococcus vitulinus.
