Disability and living arrangements among elderly American men.

The living arrangements of disabled elderly people are an important policy-related issue. This investigation focused on testing four models which posit alternative ways in which disability might affect coresidence with adult relatives. The models were tested for a pooled sample of elderly men drawn from the 1976 and 1981 rounds of the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Men. The methodological strategies for model assessment included descriptive and logistic regression techniques. Men with multiple disabling conditions, but not a single disability, were more likely to be coresiding with adult relatives than were nondisabled men, independent of a set of selected background characteristics. These results provided general support for a model focused on assistance norms. There was some suggestion that the absence of a spouse reinforces this pattern.

Geographic mobility and locus of control.

Migrants and nonmigrants are often alleged to differ on numerous psychological traits; little empirical analysis, however, has examined this possibility. This study examined the hypothesis that geographic mobility is associated with locus of control, a key dimension of the self-concept. No relationships between these variables were uncovered for a national sample of older white men.

Modernization and household size and structure in the urban and rural Philippines.

PIP: An examination of the relationship between modernization and household size and structure in the Philippines is presented. Data are from the 1970 census. The author attempts to assess the relative influence of variations in the size of three membership components (nuclear, extended, and non-relative) on overall household size across provinces and to analyze the differential response of the three membership components to variations in provincial levels of modernization. An attempt is also made to evaluate how modernization affects household size through each of the membership components and how patterns differ in urban and rural areas.^ieng

Population deconcentration in metropolitan Manila in the twentieth century.

"The present analysis is intended to delineate the extent of population deconcentration through an examination of changes in core-periphery growth and density patterns within the Metropolitan Manila complex. Specifically, [the authors] examine changes in absolute and relative population growth and density levels in the central city of Manila, the inner suburban ring, and the outer suburban ring from 1903 to 1975. [The authors] also present a preliminary assessment of the demographic processes underlying the post-World War II trends." Data are from the 1975 Philippine census.

Sons, daughters or both?: an analysis of family sex composition preferences in the Philippines.

An analysis of family sex composition preferences as well as the relationship between actual family sex composition and desire for no additional children among a national sample of Filipino women is presented. An emphasis on balance or son-daughter equivalence is strongest in Metropolitan Manila. Son preference is highest in rural Mindanao and Sulu, primarily due to the concentration of Muslims in this section of the country and secondarily to its pioneer environment and the presumed utility of sons in such a milieu. The importance of eliciting sex composition preferences from both husbands and wives as well as distinguishing the "striking for a balance" from sex-linked preferences in future research is discussed.

Government policy and personal family planning approval in conflict settings: The case of the Muslim minority in the Southern Philippines.

Summary Certain minority groups in a number of culturally pluralistic societies have interpreted governmentally sponsored family planning programmes as vehicles for reducing one basis for potential political power, i.e. the minority group's share of the total population. This has especially been the case in societies with protracted inter-group conflict. Such a conflict situation is found in the Southern Philippines between indigenous Muslims and arriving Christian settlers. Contrasting Muslim women in predominantly Muslim and in pluralistic-Muslim minority settings into which there have been sizeable Christian incursions, we suggest that though cultural pluralism has facilitated the dissemination of the national government's position on family planning, the nature of culture contact, and inter-group conflict could have provoked personal opposition to family planning because of its links with the government.

Southern negro migration: social and economic components of an ecological model.

This paper considers social and economic correlates of age-specific 1950-1960 net migration of Negro males from a sample of 150 southern counties. A model is developed with five components: (1) economic activity and urbanization, (2) white traditionalism, (3) demographic and ecological pressure, (4) nonwhite poverty, and (5) nonwhite home ownership. The dominant migration forces, as evidenced by correlations with component indicator variables, are the "pull" factor of change in nonprimary industrial employment, the "push" factor of population pressure in the nonwhite rural-farm sector, and the "push" of white traditionalism. However, the significance of model components varied when analyzed along age and industrial development continua. In the younger age groupings, industrial employment growth, population pressure, and white traditionalism were dominant migratory forces while in the older age groupings, industrial employment growth and non-home ownership were most significant. For Negro males in agricultural counties, the major migration propellents appeared to be the "push" of population pressure in the rural farm sector and non-ownership of homes. On the other hand the statistical explanation for Negro migration in more industrialized southern counties rests primarily with the "pull" of increased employment in non-primary industries along with population pressure. The importance of the findings for migration theory is discussed.