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1.
Health Educ Res ; 24(4): 586-95, 2009 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19075296

ABSTRACT

Few measurement instruments for children's eating behaviors and beliefs have been specifically validated for African-American children. Validation within this population is important because of potential cultural and ethnic influences. Objectives were to evaluate established and newly developed or adapted dietary psychosocial measures in a sample of 303 preadolescent African-American girls and their caregivers. Acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > or = 0.70) was found for measures of girls' self-efficacy for healthy eating, outcome expectancies for healthy eating, positive family support for healthy eating and household availability of low-fat food and fruit, juice and vegetables (FJV). Evidence for concurrent validity was found with significant associations between self-efficacy for healthy eating and lower intake of energy (r = -0.17) and fat grams (r = -0.16). Greater FJV availability was associated with greater FJV intake (r = 0.14) and lower body mass index (BMI) in girls (r = -0.12). Positive family support for healthy eating was associated with higher BMI in girls (r = 0.41). These results contribute to the development of scales to evaluate prevention interventions related to dietary intake in African-American children.


Subject(s)
Black or African American/psychology , Obesity/prevention & control , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , California , Caregivers/psychology , Child , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Female , Humans , Obesity/ethnology , Obesity/psychology , Psychometrics , Risk Factors , Self Efficacy , Social Class , Social Support , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tennessee , Weight Gain
2.
Obes Rev ; 9(1): 35-42, 2008 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18154601

ABSTRACT

Childhood obesity is increasing worldwide, raising alarm about future trends of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. This article discusses what may underlie our failure to respond effectively to the obesity epidemic, and presents a wider perspective for future research and public health agendas. So far targeting individual-level determinants and clinical aspects of childhood obesity has produced limited success. There is growing interest in understanding the wider determinants of obesity such as the built environment (e.g. walkability), social interactions, food marketing and prices, but much needs to be learned. Particularly, we need to identify distal modifiable factors with multiple potential that would make them attractive for people and policymakers alike. For example, walking-biking-friendly cities can reduce obesity as well as energy consumption, air pollution and traffic delays. Such agenda needs to be driven by strong evidence from research involving multi-level influences on behaviour, as well as the study of wider politico-economic trends affecting people's choices. This article highlights available evidence and arguments for research and policy needed to curb the obesity epidemic. The upstream approach underlying these arguments aims to make healthy choices not only the most rational, but also the most feasible and affordable.


Subject(s)
Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Environment , Exercise/physiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Obesity/prevention & control , Advertising , Child , Energy Intake/physiology , Energy Metabolism , Humans , Leisure Activities
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