ABSTRACT
The phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclears from peripheral blood (PMN) and the qualitative characteristic of lymphocyte populations and circulating immune complexes (CIC) were studied dynamically in 35 infants with salmonellosis. The phagocytic activity of PMNs was evaluated by phagocytic index, phagocytic number, the absolute phagocytic index and the nitroblue tetrazolium test. Lymphocyte populations were determined by immunofluoroscent assay with monoclonal antibodies, and CIC by precipitation with polyethylene glycol. Decreased level of the PMNs phagocytic activity was found in the acute phase of salmonellosis. Both B- and T-lymphopenia with subset dysbalance associated with greater decrease of T4 lymphocytes were identified. During the convalescent period the immunological parameters of the bacteriologically healthy infants were close to normal whereas the Salmonella bacteria carriers demonstrated deviations which persisted in the acute phase of the disease. The immunological parameters studied can be used as additional diagnostic and prognostic criteria in infants with salmonellosis.
Subject(s)
Salmonella Infections/immunology , Antigen-Antibody Complex/blood , Case-Control Studies , Humans , Infant , Leukocyte Count , Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology , Lymphopenia/etiology , Lymphopenia/immunology , Neutrophils/immunology , Phagocytosis , Salmonella Infections/complicationsABSTRACT
Human intestinal microflora provides substantial protection of the body against intestinal pathogens and affects the course and outcome of intestinal infections with diarrheal syndrome. We studied the aerobic intestinal microflora in 120 patients with salmonellosis and 60 patients with shigellosis. Intestinal microflora was determined qualitatively assessing the relative share of E. coli and other aerobic representatives of the potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Disturbances of the aerobic intestinal microflora were found in 76% of the patients with salmonellosis and 80% of the patients with shigellosis in the acute stage of the disease. They occurred more commonly and were graver in the severe clinical forms of intestinal infections. Their frequency in convalescent bacterial carriers was greater.
Subject(s)
Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification , Dysentery, Bacillary/microbiology , Salmonella Infections/microbiology , Adolescent , Adult , Bacteria, Aerobic/pathogenicity , Child , Child, Preschool , Diarrhea/microbiology , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Humans , Infant , Intestines/microbiology , Klebsiella/isolation & purification , Middle Aged , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Polyorganic deficiency syndrome (PODS) is a generalized response to the effect of a variety of agents hardly lending itself to control, becoming manifest with rapid proliferation within the body. The issues discussed include: epidemiology with a special reference to panendothelial trauma to pulmonary and other systems with impairment of oxygen utilization by the cells, microcirculation disorders, mediators, ARDS development, disturbed barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, enhanced glutamine consumption with ensuing villous atrophy. Symptoms presented by various organs, treatment consisting in block of stimulation and block of mediators, as well as selective decontamination and adequate diet are also dealt with. Against the background outlined above the prognostic point rating system (the so-called score rating) of PODS with simultaneous application of the APACHE III rating system are evaluated. Age-related factors and number of organs involved are likewise considered.
