Computed tomography in complicated cholecystitis.

The computed tomographic (CT) findings in 23 patients with complicated cholecystitis verified at surgery in 20 cases or autopsy in three cases were analyzed. Gallbladder size, wall thickness, and bile density as determined by CT are nonspecific. Gallstones as the leading diagnostic sign are difficult to identify by CT. Pericholecystitis, inflammatory lesions, and, particularly, abscess formation indicating complications of cholecystitis are readily demonstrated by CT.

Long-term effects of negative pions in female mice exposed to whole-body irradiation.

Long-term effects, especially the incidence of tumors, of whole-body exposure of female NMRI mice with either negative pions (peak or plateau region) or X rays have been studied in comparison to controls. Animals were irradiated at the age of 10 days after birth. The mice were then regularly examined for deaths and signs of severe disease, moribund animals being killed. A detailed histopathological work-up has been performed. The data show that the survival as defined by death or the time of autopsy is significantly lower in irradiated mice in comparison to controls, that there is no difference in reduction of survival between groups treated either with X rays or pions at peak region, but that a difference can be seen when comparing X rays with pions at plateau region. The incidence of ovarian tumors at any particular age is higher in mice treated with X rays or pions than in control groups, but significantly lower in animals exposed to plateau pions than in those treated with peak pions or X rays.