Morphopathological Effect of Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles in an Experimental Model of Toxic Hemolytic Anemia.

We studied the effect of biogenic ferrihydrite nanoparticles synthesized as a result of the culturing of Klebsiella oxytoca on Wistar rats with experimental toxic hemolytic anemia. The pathology was simulated by single intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride. On day 4, the functional parameters of erythrocytes in rats corresponded to the state of toxic hemolytic anemia. It is shown that ferrihydrite nanoparticles suspension has chronic toxicity and causes morphological changes in organs (mainly in the spleen), which are characterized by accumulation of nanoparticles. Administration of phenylhydrazine induced systemic vascular damage and the formation of extramedullary hematopoietic foci, which indicated a compensatory activation in hematopoiesis in the liver and spleen. Injection of nanoparticles reduced discirculatory and necrotic changes in the kidneys.

Efficiency of Ampicillin-Associated Biogenic Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles in Combination with a Magnetic Field for Local Treatment of Burns.

We studied the effectiveness of using magnetic ferrihydrite nanoparticles of bacterial origin carrying ampicillin for local treatment of burn wounds in rats using a magnetic field. It was found that the use of these nanoparticles in combination with a magnetic field accelerated wound healing and reduced the titer of microorganisms in comparison with the corresponding parameters in the untreated animals and animals treated with nanoparticles or ampicillin alone.

Distribution of Ferrihydrite Nanoparticles in the Body and Possibility of Controlling Them in an Isolated Organ by a Permanent Magnetic Field.

We studied the distribution of ferrihydrite nanoparticles isolated from bacteria Klebsiella oxytoca in the whole body in vivo and in a cultured isolated organ (liver). The possibility of controlling these nanoparticles in the body using a magnetic field was assessed. One hour after intravenous injection of ferrihydrite nanoparticles to mice, their accumulation was observed in the liver, lungs, and kidneys. Experiment with cultured isolated rat liver showed that these nanoparticles can be controlled by a magnetic field and the influence of magnetic nanoparticles on the liver over 1 h does not lead to destruction of liver cells associated with the release of the marker enzyme AST. These results show the possibility of using magnetic nanoparticles as a system for controlled drug delivery in the body.

Elimination of iron-containing magnetic nanoparticles from the site of injection in mice: a magnetic-resonance imaging study.

Suspension of magnetic nanoparticles (0.7 g/liter) obtained from Klebsiella oxytoca culture was injected intraperitoneally (1 ml), intramuscularly (in the hip; 100 µl), and subcutaneously (200 µl) or administered orally instead of drinking water for 2 days. The presence of magnetic nanoparticles was evaluated detected by MRI in 15 min and 2 h after injections and in 1 and 2 days after the beginning of oral consumption of the suspension. Magnetic nanoparticles were eliminated from the site of intramuscular and intraperitoneal injections and after oral consumption. The period of elimination after intramuscular and intraperitoneal injections did not exceed 2 h, while after oral consumption it corresponded to the time of gastrointestinal tract contents evacuation.

A method for introduction of magnetic nanoparticles into tissues by means of magnetic field gradient: an experimental study.

Targeted effects of magnetic nanoparticles were studied. Solution with iron-containing nanosubstance was applied to resected nasal bone and cartilage tissues. Magnetic field was generated by a Polus-101 device for low-frequency magnetotherapy, which provided permanent work of one inductor (10.14+/-19.56 mT). The results indicate that magnetic nanoparticles placed into magnetic field gradient penetrate into the thickness of the cartilage and bone tissues.