Subject(s)
Community-Institutional Relations , Pregnancy Complications/chemically induced , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Child , Child Care , Child, Preschool , Community-Institutional Relations/economics , Delivery of Health Care , Female , Home Care Services , Humans , Personnel Staffing and Scheduling , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/psychology , Program Evaluation , Random Allocation , Research DesignABSTRACT
This article examines correlates of retention/completion for low-income court-ordered and voluntary postpartum women in two types of outpatient drug abuse treatment: day treatment (an intensive seven-day-a-week, neurobehavioral treatment model program) and traditional outpatient treatment (a conventional five-day-a-week program). Instruments used in this study to assess factors in retention/completion include the Addiction Severity Index, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Hudson's Index of Self-Esteem, the Coping Strategies Inventory, the Social Support Questionnaire, and a Barriers to Treatment measure specifically designed for this study. It was found that the women in this study had relatively normal psychosocial profiles, and that their support systems, while small, were relatively satisfying. Very few psychosocial profile elements were found to be predictors, but social support was marginally related to length of stay in treatment. Program type, infant custody, and number of children in the home appeared to be the strongest predictors of treatment retention/completion.
Subject(s)
Crack Cocaine , Patient Compliance , Postpartum Period/psychology , Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation , Adaptation, Psychological , Adolescent , Adult , Family , Female , Humans , Los Angeles , Middle Aged , Outpatients , Pregnancy , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Psychological Tests , Recurrence , Regression Analysis , Social Support , Stress, Psychological/prevention & control , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
To estimate the seroprevalence and investigate risk behaviors for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection in intravenous drug users in Los Angeles County, a stratified, random sample of 790 clients, enrolled in either methadone maintenance or detoxification programs, were studied. Thirteen study participants (1.8 per cent) were seropositive; of these, five were homosexual/bisexual males and three were female prostitutes. Ninety-five per cent of all participants reported sharing needles. Risk reduction education efforts must be expanded before the HIV antibody prevalence rate increases.
