[Experimental study and standardization of propanide in water]. / Eksperimentalno prouchvane i normirane na propanid vuv vodite.

Hygiene-toxicological and ecotoxicological studies of amide herbicide propanide are performed in view of its standardization in waters. Experiments are carried out for defining its effect on the organoleptic quality of the waters, ecotoxicological effect in water medium and toxic effect on warm blooded organisms. Threshold and subthreshold concentrations and doses of harmful effect are defined. Differentiated hygiene norms (MAC) are developed for toxicological resources; for first category (after toxicological indication)--0.1 mg/l; for second and third (after ecotoxicological symptom) respectively 1.0 mg/l and 2.0 mg/l.

[Effect of drinking water with a high nitrate content on the body in a toxicological experiment]. / Prouchvane vliianieto na piteini vodi s visoko sudurzhanie na nitrati vurkhu organizma v toksikologichen eksperiment.

A chronic, four-month, toxicological experiment with albino rats was carried out with a view to study the effect of nitrates on organism. The animals, grouped into six groups, were daily intoxicated by probing with aqueous solution of sodium nitrate in concentrations of 30, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/l. The toxicological studies established statistically significant changes in some integral, hematological, biochemical and pathologico-anatomical indices with the drinking of potable water with 500 and 1000 mg/l nitrates and in single cases - with 100 mg/l: body weight loss among the female animals; reduction of hemoglobin and erythrocytes; urea fluctuation (hypo- and hyperazotemia); increase of glutathione, of peroxidase activity and alkaline phosphatase; reduction of catalase activity; light parenchymal-dystrophic changes in liver and kidneys. No changes were established in methemoglobin. With a view to those results, the authors presume that no risk for organisms exists with the consumption of potable water, containing nitrates to 50 mg/l, a slight risk--up to 100 mg/l, enhanced risk--over 100 mg/l and high risk--with 500 and over 500 mg/l.

[Ecological and toxicological experiments with test guppies and Daphnia in research on the effect of pesticides in water]. / Ekotoksikologichni eksperimenti s testove gupi i dafnii pri izsledvane vliianieto na pestitsidi vuv vodata.

Experiments have been carried out for the assessment of the toxic effect if some pesticides on aquatic organisms--fish groups Lebistes reticulatus and lower crustacea Daphnia magna. The following pesticides (herbicides) were studied--afalon, dimid, Lasso, patoran, propanide and Ramrod. Ramrod proved to have the highest toxicity, followed by propanide, Lasso and afalon. Dimid and patoran proved to have lower toxicity. Daphnia were established to be 10-17 times more susceptible than the fish groups.

[Toxicologic characteristics of several pesticides and standards for them in water]. / Toksikologichna kharakteristika na niakoi pestitsidi i normiraneto im vuv vodite.

The progressive increase of production and application of chemicals for plant protection transmuted the problem of protection of water cleanliness into an international and national problem. The cases with incidental pesticide pollution of water-reservoirs became more numerous. A necessity arose of the supplement of our sanitary legislation with hygienic standards (MAC) for the water for the newly implemented chemicals for plant protection in the country. During the last several years, some of the most frequently used and formulated in our country pesticides were experimentally studied: Afalon and Patoran (from chemical group of carbamates and dithiocarbamates) and amide herbicide: Dimid, Ramrod, Lasso, Treflan. Complex hygienic-toxicological studies were carried out in order to study the toxicological effect of the pesticides mentioned and to elaborate hygienic norms (MAC) of the same in the water. The effect on the organoleptic qualities of water was determined as well as on the sanitary regime of waterreservoirs (according to BON5, sanitary-indictory microflora and toxicity for fishes). Toxicological studies were performed under the conditions of acute, subacute and chronic experiment. The results obtained allowed the hygienic-toxicological characteristics and the proposal of hygienic standards (MAC) for the pesticides studied in water.

[Experimental studies for the hygienic standardization of Lasso in water]. / Eksperimentalni izsledvaniia za khigienno normirovane na laso vuv voda.

Experimental hygienic-toxical study was carried out on amide herbicide lasso, aiming at its hygienic standardization in water. The studies were carried out in three aspects for the determination of its effect upon the organoleptic qualities of water, on the sanitary regime of water-reservoirs and toxic effect on organism. Threshold and subthershold concentrations of the deleterious effect on colour, small and taste of water were determined as well as on B0N5, on sanitary-indication microflora and on cold blooded organisms. The toxicological parameters for acute, subacute and chronic oral toxicity on albino rats were established. On the base of the experimental studies, differentiated hygienic norms (MAC) of lasso were elaborated in the three categories water-reservoirs - I mg/1 for I category and 5 mg/1 for II and II category.