Subject(s)
Antigens, CD/metabolism , Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism , Granuloma/pathology , Histiocytes/pathology , Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism , Schistosomiasis/pathology , Tuberculosis/pathology , Animals , Granuloma/microbiology , Granuloma/parasitology , Granuloma, Foreign-Body/metabolism , Granuloma, Foreign-Body/pathology , Histiocytes/metabolism , Host-Parasite Interactions/physiology , Host-Pathogen Interactions/physiology , Humans , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/physiology , Schistosoma/isolation & purification , Schistosoma/physiology , Schistosomiasis/metabolism , Schistosomiasis/microbiology , Tuberculosis/metabolism , Tuberculosis/microbiologySubject(s)
Burkitt Lymphoma/diagnosis , Hodgkin Disease/therapy , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Biopsy , Burkitt Lymphoma/drug therapy , Gastroscopy , Humans , Liver/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Stomach/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy , Stomach Ulcer/diagnosis , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Depending on tumor burden, hepatic function and patients' performance status, hepatocellular carcinoma is treated by surgery, local procedures, systemic therapy or palliation. The majority of patients are diagnosed at a stage where local therapy is the treatment of choice. Recently, the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib was found to improve the survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and conserved liver function. In this manuscript, we summarize the experimental evidence supporting the combination of a systemic targeted therapy with a local therapy. We also discuss the pros and cons of different schedules of combining such treatments. We conclude that there is enough of a theoretical argument to design clinical trials testing this strategy.