ABSTRACT
Forty-eight children with seasonal allergic rhinitis received either 150 microgram/day of flunisolide (a new topical steroid) or placebo. Those receiving flunisolide had a significantly shorter daily duration of sneezing, stuffy nose, runny nose and throat itch. Total or substantial control of their symptoms was reported by 67% of the flunisolide group and 25% of the placebo group.
Subject(s)
Fluocinolone Acetonide/analogs & derivatives , Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal/drug therapy , Administration, Intranasal , Adolescent , Child , Clinical Trials as Topic , Double-Blind Method , Drug Evaluation , Fluocinolone Acetonide/adverse effects , Fluocinolone Acetonide/therapeutic use , Humans , Pollen , SeasonsABSTRACT
While monitoring oral aminophylline (theophylline ethylenediamine) therapy, larger doses (milligrams per kilogram) were necessary for children than for adults to achieve similar therapeutic serum levels. The mean apparent theophylline clearance (ATC) determined in 59 children was significantly higher (P less than .001) than determined in 114 adults (84.8 versus 51.4 ml/hr/kg). Additionally, the younger children (1 to 9 years) eliminated theophylline more rapidly than the older children (0 to 18 years) (93.8 versus 77.3 ml/hr/kd). When initiating continuous oral aminophylline therapy, dosage guidelines, based on the mean ATC calculated for each group, were predicted, and trough theophylline serum levels of 10mug/ml were obtained. The guidelines for aminophylline were 28.0, 23.2, and 15.6 mg/kg/day administered in four divided doses for the younger children, older children, and adults, respectively. Monitoring of serum levels is suggested to further individualize the patient's aminophyline therapy.
Subject(s)
Aminophylline/administration & dosage , Asthma/drug therapy , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aminophylline/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Spectrophotometry/methods , Theophylline/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Cromolyn sodium is a recently introduced drug used in the prophylactic treatment of severe, perennial, bronchial asthma, particularly in the pediatric age group. In a multicenter trial, 276 chronic asthmatic patients of eight pediatric allergists entered a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study lasting 12 weeks. Test compounds of cromolyn sodium or placebo were inhaled four times a day, and daily scores were kept of symptom severity as well as frequency of use of other medications. Patients had statistically significant lower average daily symptom scores when treated with cromolyn sodium as compared to treatment with placebo. A strong subjective preference for cromolyn sodium was expressed by 60% of those completing the trial, versus 9% for placebo. The patients' need for other symptomatic medications also dropped significantly during the cromolyn treatment period.