ABSTRACT
Impression management serves self-preservation as part of self-experience. It is adapted to a given situation as an expression of understanding of the role it plays in striving for success. Impression management and self-presentation mutually influence each other throughout life. Clichés in the traditional self-presentation of men and woman in their gender-specific domain in occupation belong to the past. In employment, contentment as much as discontent are of prime importance for success or failure in the workplace. As role models attract mainly juveniles, they should be held up to critical scrutiny.
Subject(s)
Achievement , Drive , Occupational Health , Self Concept , Social Behavior , Workplace/psychology , Female , Germany , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Self-affirmation establishes the basis for self-esteem through self-realisation in daily life and at the workplace. Examples of attainment of self-affirmation support motivation during adolescence where a lack of orientation in life causes socialisation to be at risk. Personal ambition to achieve superiority may provoke critical trends when assuming morally questionable behaviour at the workplace. Beginners in employment often face an atmosphere of unbalanced tension at work and deserve protective understanding and experienced support when striving for self-affirmation.
Subject(s)
Self Concept , Socialization , Workplace , Adolescent , Adult , Burnout, Professional/diagnosis , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Career Choice , Career Mobility , Female , Goals , Humans , Individuality , Male , Moral Development , Personal Satisfaction , Quality of Life/psychology , Risk-Taking , Social Conformity , Social Support , Young AdultABSTRACT
Self-esteem is instrumental in all areas of life. However, it is especially significant in a person's occupational life. Given its vital impact on the shaping of daily tasks, self-esteem is a steady and critical, barely influencable accompaniment in all activities. It involves a continuous flow of perception and internalisation with a large span between the sensation of achievement and of failure. Thus, a median level of self-esteem tends to develop, often maintained for longer periods in life, which determines a person's behaviour and attitude towards his/her surroundings in both private and professional life.
Subject(s)
Achievement , Job Satisfaction , Self Concept , Germany , HumansABSTRACT
The detection of mediators from the lower airways still depends on invasive or provoking sampling techniques like bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or induced sputum, respectively. Both methods affect the specimen itself. In contrast, the breathing condensate opens the possibility to get native specimens from lower airways during breathing at rest. The breathing condensate was obtained by freezing of exhaled air. The equipment was developed in the FILT Res. Soc. Ltd.. The method is applied for a patent. Leukotriene B4 and Leukotriene C4D4E4F4 were measured in the exhalation of asthmatics, patients with different airway disorders and healthy volunteers. In an additional study the condensate was obtained before and after of a non-specific bronchial challenge test. In asthmatics a close correlation between leukotriene concentration of the condensate and the degree of asthmatic disease according to "International Consensus Report" was found, but no correlation to lung function tests. Within a bronchial challenge test applying histamine the release of leukotrienes was shown to be more sensitive to the challenge test than a lung function test. The results of the study indicate new diagnostic possibilities in lung diseases using the detection of non volatile substances in the exhaled air.
Subject(s)
Asthma/metabolism , Breath Tests/methods , Leukotrienes/analysis , Respiratory Tract Diseases/metabolism , Biomarkers/analysis , Bronchial Provocation Tests , Histamine , HumansSubject(s)
Asthma/therapy , Coleoptera , Immunization , Rhinitis/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Asthma/immunology , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/immunology , Rhinitis/immunology , Skin TestsABSTRACT
Reproterol (Bronchospasmin), a monomolecular combination of catecholamine and theophylline, was tested in 81 patients with bronchial asthma or chronic obstructive bronchitis after a single oral dose, and compared with orciprenaline by intra-individual cross-over test. Five pulmonary-function laboratories cooperated in the study. A statistically significant bronchodilator effect, as measured by airway resistance and volume-corrected resistance, was obtained with 20 mg reproterol, having its onset after about 30 minutes, reaching its peak after 2-3 hours, and lasting for at least 4 hours. Comparing the area under the time-effect curves, the total effect was greater than that after 20 mg orciprenaline, pO2 rose higher after reproterol than after orciprenaline, but only by a few mm Hg. Neither heart rate nor blood pressure changed significantly after reproterol.
Subject(s)
Asthma/drug therapy , Bronchitis/drug therapy , Metaproterenol/analogs & derivatives , Theophylline/analogs & derivatives , Airway Resistance , Blood Pressure , Drug Combinations , Drug Evaluation , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Metaproterenol/therapeutic use , Middle Aged , Oxygen/blood , Partial Pressure , Theophylline/therapeutic use , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Respiratory therapy of ventilation disorders involves a redistribution of the work of the respiratory musculature from above downwards, relieving the auxiliary musculature, increasing the excursion of the lower part of the thorax and relaxation of the diaphragm. It is pointless to provide respiratory techniques for use as exercises only when the body is in a state of rest; suitable respiratory techniques must rather be of the pattern of spontaneous respiratory movement which keeps control in stress situations also. The patient must learn to recognise the limit of his own pulmonary functional capacity, so that he can reduce the work load in good time before it is reached. Respiratory therapy is increased even more by passive positive pressure respiration which enables passive inspiration, sparing inspiratory respiratory work, with active exercise therapy in the expiratory phase, and which can be combined with inhalation treatment.
Subject(s)
Breathing Exercises , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Chronic Disease , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Physical Education and Training , Swimming , Ventilators, MechanicalABSTRACT
In a double blind cross-over study using randomized selection the effects of 3 x 2 puffs (8r)-3alpha-hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1aH, 5aH-tropaniumbromide-(+/-)-tropate (ipratropiumbromide, Sch 1000, Atrovent) (0.02 mg per puff) from a metered dose inhaler were compared with placebo in 25 patients. The parameters studied were the amount of morning sputum, sputum viscosity as measured by rotational viscosimetry and total airways resistance (Rt) measured by whole-body plethysmography during 2 successive treatment periods, each of 5 days, sepraated by 2 rest days. The patient material consisted of 16 males and 9 females, ages 21-66 (mean 47), 15 of whom had bronchial asthma and 10 chronic bronchitis. Both groups received multiple supplementary viscosity or volume but the Rt was significantly decreased by 11-15% only after ipratropiumbromide when measured 10 min after inhalation. Non-characteristic side effects occurred with equal frequency in the ipratropiumbromide and placebo groups. Therefore ipratropiumbromide has a clear bronchospasmolytic action without secretion-inhibiting properties if used in therapeutic dosage.