[Significance of blood ribose measurement by gas liquid chromatography in ischemic hear disease]. / Znachenie opredeleniia ribozy v krovi metodom gazozhidkostnoi khromatografii pri ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

A method for measuring serum ribose by gas liquid chromatography is described, prolonging the sample stability and simplifying its storage. Serum ribose content is decreased in patients with angina of effort (functional class III).

Intracellular distribution and regulation of calpains in the thyroid gland.

We studied the distribution of calpains in various subcellular thyrocyte fractions and evaluated the possibility for direct activation of calpain localized in the plasma membrane by thyrotropin. Direct activation of calpain bound to the plasma membrane did not underlie transduction of the thyrotropin signal to Ca(2+)-dependent proteinases.

Effect of disaggregation on calpain activity in explants from rat thyroid glands.

We studied the regulation of calpains in explants from rat thyroid glands. Collagenase disaggregation decreased proteinase activity in thyrocytes. It was hypothesized that this effect is mediated by heterotrimeric G proteins, protein kinase C, and tyrosine kinase, but not via Ca(2+) and cAMP-dependent signal pathway.

[The effect of ftalazol on the body allowance in rats of B-group vitamins]. / Vliianie ftalazola na obespechennost' organizma krys nekotorymi vitaminami gruppy B.

A certain decrease in the content of riboflavin in blood plasma and liver and its excretion in the urine were encountered 24-h after administration of phthalazol, according to the schedule of acute dysentery treatment, in rats with initial moderate deficiency in vitamins B1 and B2. The provision with vitamin B1 did not change in this case. The introduction of phthalazol was attended with a noticeable decrease in the excretion of pyridoxic acid but did not affect the B6 content in the liver and blood serum of the animals.

[The lysosomal proteolytic system and thyroid functional activity in rats administered chloroquine]. / Proteoliticheskaia sistema lizosom i funktsional'naia aktivnost' shchitovidnoi zhelezy krys pri vvedenii khlorokhina.

A 7-, 14-, and 21-day course of injections of the lysosomotropic drug chloroquine in a dose of 50-mg/kg per day causes a more than two-fold decrease of T3 concentration and insignificant changes in the level of T4 and thyrotropin in the blood serum of rats. In the series with 14- and 21-day courses of chloroquine injections, inhibition of the thiol cathepsins B and L with simultaneous activation of the aspartic proteinase cathepsin D occurred. Permeability of the lysosomal membranes for all hydrolases under study considerably increased after a 7-day course of chloroquine but reduced subsequently to the control level in longer treatment. The possible mechanisms of changes in the spectrum of lysosomal proteinases and functional activity of the thyroid are discussed.

[The dynamic observation of patients with diffuse toxic goiter in the postoperative period by means of echography]. / Dinamicheskoe nabliudenie za bol'nymi s diffuznym toksicheskim zobom v posleoperatsionnom periode metodom ékhografii.

The authors used vernier calipers for measurement of the thyroid remnant during operation with special reference to data of an emergency histological analysis which determined the state of toxicosis, lymphoid infiltration, the presence of the extrafollicular epithelium. In addition, the patient's age, duration of the disease and taking thyreostatics was considered. It determined an individual approach to solution of the question of size of the gland to be left. The fate of the remnant thyroid was followed-up with the help of echography. In the majority of patients with diffuse toxic goiter a 90% increase of the remnant as compared with the initial data was noted in a month after operation, six months later it was 126%, a year later 186%. Close functional correlation was found between the data of histological investigations, age of the patients, duration of the disease and taking thyreostatics.

[Comparative characterization of altered activity of lysosomal cysteine proteinases in various leukocytic fractions inpatients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika izmenenii aktivnosti lizosomnykh tsisteinovykh proteinaz v razlichnykh fraktsiiakh leikotsitov u bol'nykh khronicheskim limpholeikozom.

There was a pronounced decrease in the general activity of cathepsins C and L and, to a lesser extent, cathepsin B in the lymphocytes of patients with Stage II chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The activity of cathepsins C and L in the granulocytes of these patients was significantly lower than the control values.

[Diagnostic and prognostic significance of membranodestructive process in mechanic jaundice and phlegmonous cholecystitis in patients with diabetes mellitus]. / Diagnosticheskaia i prognosticheskaia znachimost' membranodestruktivnykh protsessov pri mekhanicheskoi zheltukhe i flegmanoznom kholetsistite u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

Investigations performed in 96 patients with diabetes mellitus and acute biliary pathology (phlegmonous cholecystitis, mechanic jaundice) have found the relationships between plasma lypoperoxidation, degree of hepatodepression and kind of inflammation in the gall bladder. The level of glycemia and degree of transferasemia (cytolytic syndrome) are not reliable criteria of acute hepatic insufficiency and pyoinflammatory process in the biliary tracts. The choice of the complex of membrane-stabilizing drugs should be based on the severity and pattern of endotoxicosis.

[Metazid-inducible vitamin B2 deficiency in rats and its prevention]. / Metazidindutsiruemaia nedostatochnost' vitamina B2 u krys i ee predotvrashchenie.

Rectal administration of metaside (20 mg per 100 g body weight) as suppositories for 10 days was found to cause vitamin B2 deficiency both in rats on low-vitamin B2 diet and in those on balanced diet. This appeared as decreased vitamin B2 levels in the liver and plasma. The design and application of suppositories containing the mixed preparation of metaside and riboflavin drug (in a dose of 100 micrograms per rat, which corresponds to the recommended daily requirement) completely prevents vitamin B2 deficiency.

[A method of serial determination of calpain activity in biological material]. / Metod seriinogo opredeleniia aktivnosti kal'painov v biologicheskom materiale.

A procedure for quantitatively estimating the activity of calpains involved chromatography on the hydrophobic sorbent octyl-Sepharose CL-4B, which enabled one to measure the true proteinase activity unmasked by the inhibitors calpastatins. After binding with the sorbent and removal of the contaminating proteins the calpains were eluted using 0.5% sodium cholate as well as by an increase of pH value from 7.0 to 8.0 and by a decrease of the buffer ionic strength. Activity of the calpains was estimated using casein as a substrate in mice heart, liver and skeletal muscle, in rat and human erythrocytes. Simple and rapid technique of enzymatic activity estimation allowed one to use the procedure developed in the laboratory and clinical settings and to carry out serial measurement of the activity in small quantities of the material.