ABSTRACT
Oidiodendron maius G.L. Barron is a recognized fungal species capable of forming ericoid mycorrhiza with various positive effects on host plants; therefore, newly found and previously uncharacterized O. maius strains may be valuable for heather plants' controlled mycorrhization. Characteristics of the O. maius F3860 strain were studied, i.e., mycelium growth on various nutrient media and the ability to secrete auxins and enzymes. O. maius F3860 grew rapidly on malt extract agar and potato dextrose agar. It was also able to grow on nutrient media suitable for heather plant cultivation. The presence of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin increased the mycelium growth rate compared to the control, starting from the 8th to the 13th days of cultivation. The ability to secrete auxins was confirmed with bioassay and thin-layer chromatography, and their content, as well as phytase activity, was estimated spectrophotometrically. Both in nutrient media with tryptophan and without it, O. maius F3860 secreted about 6 µg IAA/mL growth medium. O. maius F3860 possessed extracellular phytase, protease, and phenol oxidase activities. The investigation indicates O. maius F3860's promise for heather seedling inoculation as an approach to increase their fitness.
ABSTRACT
Plants' mineral nutrition in acidic soils can be facilitated by phosphate solubilizing fungi inhabiting the root systems of these plants. We attempt to find dark septate endophyte (DSE) isolates in the roots of wild-heather plants, which are capable of improving plants' phosphorus nutrition levels. Bright-field and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used for the visualization of endophytes. A model system of co-cultivation with Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. was used to study a fungal isolate's ability to supply plants with phosphorus. Fungal phytase activity and phosphorus content in plants were estimated spectrophotometrically. In V. vitis-idaea L. roots, we obtained a Phialocephala fortinii Wang, Wilcox DSE2 isolate with acid phytase activity (maximum 6.91 ± 0.17 U on 21st day of cultivation on potato-dextrose broth medium) and the ability to accumulate polyphosphates in hyphae cells. The ability of the isolate to increase both phosphorus accumulation and biomass in V. macrocarpon is also shown. The data obtained for the same isolate, as puzzle pieces put together, indicate the possible mediation of P. fortinii DSE2 isolate in the process of phosphorus intake from inorganic soil reserves to plants.
