ABSTRACT
RARE-MR-urography (Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation Enhancement) is a fast MR imaging technique (6.4 s/acquisition) that selectively depicts fluid by heavy T2-weighting. From 9/1989 to 11/1990, RARE-MR urograms were prospectively evaluated in the diagnosis of upper urinary tract abnormalities in 55 children. The method is performed in several planes and combined with a coronal, T1-weighted spin-echo sequence. Forty out of 42 kidneys with dilated renal pelvis, and 21 out of 24 dilated ureters were identified, only the mildly dilated ones were missed. Even in non-functioning kidneys the urinary tract was clearly depicted by RARE-MR-urography. However, no differentiation could be made with this technique between vesicoureteral reflux and non-refluxing dilatation of ureter and/or renal pelvis. All 19 pelviureteric obstructions and all eight renal duplications with a dilated segment were identified. RARE-MR-urography is a new tool for diagnosing urinary tract abnormalities in children without having to employ ionizing radiation, contrast media, or general anesthesia. A dilated urinary tract can be shown in one image displaying the entire urinary system, similar to excretory urography. The technique is presently not able to provide the information of voiding cystourethrography or renal scintigraphy, nor is it as easy to perform as ultrasound. However, in certain cases it may replace excretory urography.
Subject(s)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Urinary Tract/abnormalities , Urologic Diseases/diagnosis , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Male , Prospective Studies , Urinary Tract/pathologyABSTRACT
Xipho-omphalopagus twins with a pericardial bridge, extended liver tissue union and considerable intestinal herniation from one abdominal cavity to the other were separated successfully at the age of three months. Special diagnostic procedures including cardiac and abdominal sonography, catheterism of the umbilical vein with portal angiography, radionucleotide liver and bile duct imaging and separate oral glucose tolerance tests provided important information for perioperative and surgical patient management. Relevant items for determination of the favourable data and method of surgery are discussed.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy, Multiple , Twins, Conjoined/surgery , Adolescent , Angiography , Cesarean Section , Digestive System/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Liver Circulation , Male , Pregnancy , Tomography, Emission-ComputedABSTRACT
Anticoagulant therapy using coumarin derivatives (vitamin K antagonists) during early pregnancy may result in a characteristic embryopathy appearing as a phaenocopy of chondrodysplasia punctata (Conradi-Hünermann's disease). This has been suggested in advance by observations made in newborns of mothers who had been treated previously with warfarin or acenocoumon. Similar observations made in a newborn after the mother's treatment with phencoumon in early pregnancy are described in this paper. Coumarin embryopathy is proposed as a common term.
Subject(s)
Chondrodysplasia Punctata/chemically induced , Coumarins/adverse effects , Maternal-Fetal Exchange , Chondrodysplasia Punctata/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , RadiographySubject(s)
Foreign Bodies/diagnosis , Stomach , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Intestinal Perforation/complicationsABSTRACT
Report on a cardiologic study conducted in 26 juvenile diabetics with insulin deficiency, in whom the disease had lasted for more than ten years. Electrocardiograms, vectorcardiograms and echocardiograms were recorded. The investigations did not indicate the presence of a subclinical cardiomyopathy as a sign of an early diabetic microangiopathy of the myocardium. Hence the findings by Riff and Riff (1974) as well as those by Sanderson et al (1978) have not been confirmed.
