ABSTRACT
The high concentration of Na and Cl in the sweat of patients with Cystic Fibrosis is directly due to the primary pathogenetic defect, the reduced transport of Cl-Ions through cell membranes of exocrine glands. The most reliable method for the sweat test is by Gibson and Cooke. In good correlation are the results of the Wescor Macroduct System. This method is easier to perform, but needs special instruments.
Subject(s)
Chlorides/analysis , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Sodium/analysis , Sweat/analysis , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , HumansABSTRACT
61 children up to the age of 14 years with respiratory tract infections underwent therapy with Cefaclor. 52 patients (89%) had satisfactory results. 4 patients (7%) experienced prolonged signs of infection. Cefaclor was very well tolerated. Because of its wide spectrum of activity particularly against ampicillin resistant strains of H. influenzae and because of its good tolerance Cefaclor is very useful in treatment of respiratory tract infections in children.
Subject(s)
Cefaclor/therapeutic use , Cephalexin/analogs & derivatives , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Adolescent , Cefaclor/adverse effects , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Fever/drug therapy , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Influenza, Human/drug therapy , Male , Pneumococcal Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
Ultrasound scans of the upper abdomen were carried out in fifty patients with cystic fibrosis (age 2 to 26 years). 38% showed an abnormal hepatic sonogram. On eight occasions it was possible to confirm these changes by a liver biopsy. In 14% there was homogenous increase in liver echoes. 22% showed an non-homogeneous liver structure due to fibrotic and cirrhotic changes and cholangitis. Four of these patients had splenomegaly due to portal hypertension. 85% of the pancreatic scans which could be evaluated showed small pancreases with high echoes. Cholelithiasis was not present in any. Sonography of the upper abdomen is the method of choice for evaluating the liver, biliary system, pancreas and spleen.
Subject(s)
Abdomen , Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Ultrasonography , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Cholangitis/diagnosis , Fatty Liver/diagnosis , Hepatomegaly/diagnosis , Humans , Infant , Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/diagnosis , Pancreatic Diseases/diagnosis , Splenomegaly/diagnosisSubject(s)
Cystic Fibrosis/enzymology , Hydrolases/blood , Cystic Fibrosis/genetics , Heterozygote , Homozygote , Hot Temperature , Humans , Hydrolases/geneticsABSTRACT
A positive sweat test is still the principal diagnostic feature of cystic fibrosis. Repeated tests are mandatory in positive, borderline and any suspect cases. Pilocarpine iontophoresis and quantitative evaluation of sodium and/or chloride are the only acceptable test methods. Every effort must be made to avoid contamination of the sweat sample. Diagnostic values are more than 50 mequ/l for sodium and more than 60 mequ/l for chloride.
Subject(s)
Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis , Sweat/analysis , Cystic Fibrosis/physiopathology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Iontophoresis/methods , Methods , PilocarpineSubject(s)
Asthma/diagnosis , Adolescent , Age Factors , Asthma/complications , Asthma/physiopathology , Body Height , Body Weight , Child , Child, Preschool , Eczema/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Neurodermatitis/etiology , Prognosis , Spirometry , Time Factors , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
Meteorism is a nonspecific symptom and it is difficult to exclude organic causes. In one of our patients, a 6 years old girl, the accumulation of gas had caused changes of the normal abdominal situs. Finally psychogenic aerophagia could be detected by exact analysis of the case history and the daily rhythm of meteorism. The situation within the family could be revealed as trigger mechanism and there an successful therapy was started.
