ABSTRACT
Lung cancer mortality remains high, and only approximately 15% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer survive for more than five years. The purpose of this research was to investigate the prognostic value and biological functions of G protein regulated inducer of neuritis outgrowth 1(GPRIN1) in lung cancer. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to analyze the correlation between GPRIN1 and overall survival, and performed Cox regression to determine whether GPRIN1 might be an independent predictive factor for lung adenocarcinoma prognosis. qRT-PCR and Western blot assays were conducted to detect GPRIN1 expression in lung cancer cells and normal control cells. To detect the functional effects of knockdown/overexpression of GPRIN1 on lung cancer cells, we performed CCK-8, colony formation and Transwell assays. Through the Kaplan-Meier method, we found that GPRIN1 expression correlated with overall survival and adverse prognosis, and Cox regression indicated that GPRIN1 is as an independent predictive factor for lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression levels of GPRIN1 in lung cancer cells were markedly higher than those in normal cells. Downregulation of GPRIN1significantly decreased cell viability, colony formation, the number of invasive and migrating cells, and levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins in A549 cells. Overexpression of GPRIN1showed the opposite effect in Calu-1 cells. Together, these results indicated that GPRIN1 facilitates lung cancer proliferation and migration, possibly by affecting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lung cancer cells, suggesting that GPRIN1may be used as an effective target for the treatment of lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Lung Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Neuronal Outgrowth , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateABSTRACT
The diagnostic efficacy of time-activity curves (TAC) and common bile duct dynamics (CBDD) derived from quantitative cholescintigraphy (QC) was assessed in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD). Quantitative cholescintigraphy was performed on 34 cholecystectomized individuals with suspected SOD and 26 asymptomatic controls. Each patient with suspected SOD underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM). After exclusion of eight patients because of failure of manometry, the final diagnoses of the remaining 26 patients were taken as the gold standard by which to determine the detectability of TAC and CBDD. The sensitivity of TAC reached 68.8%. Common bile duct dynamics showed equal sensitivity but was more specific than TAC. The sensitivity improved to 87.5% when TAC and CBDD were combined. We conclude that non-invasive QC provides good sensitivity and specificity in evaluating cholecystectomized patients with suspected SOD.
Subject(s)
Cholecystectomy , Sphincter of Oddi/diagnostic imaging , Aged , Cholangiography , Common Bile Duct/diagnostic imaging , Common Bile Duct Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Common Bile Duct Diseases/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Imino Acids , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Male , Manometry , Middle Aged , Organotechnetium Compounds , Radionuclide Imaging , Reference Values , Sphincter of Oddi/physiopathology , Technetium Tc 99m Diethyl-iminodiacetic Acid , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A role for brain histamine in the acute action of morphine was studied in mice. In contrast to earlier reports, whole brain histamine levels were not changed 30 min after morphine (1-56 mg/kg). Levels of the brain histamine metabolite, tele-methylhistamine were also unchanged. Morphine (1.8-10 mg/kg) caused a dose-dependent antinociceptive response that was unaffected by histamine H1-antagonists (i.p.), H2-antagonists (i.p. or i.vent.), or metoprine (i.p.), an inhibitor of histamine metabolism. alpha-Fluoromethylhistidine, the inhibitor of brain histamine synthesis, unexpectedly potentiated the response to low doses of morphine. These results find no evidence for a role of brain histamine in opiate analgesia.
Subject(s)
Analgesia , Histamine/physiology , Morphine/pharmacology , Animals , Brain Chemistry/drug effects , Cimetidine/pharmacology , Histamine/analysis , Male , Methylhistidines/pharmacology , Mice , Mice, Inbred StrainsABSTRACT
The authors investigated 212 dried human fibulae to find out the length, the circumference and the entry points of nutrient artery to the fibula. Angiography of six freshly amputated limbs was studied to show the relationship of the posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery. Seven clinical cases of free vascularised fibula graft are reported. The length of the fibula graft varies from 10 cm to 20 cm. A postoperative 113M-In EDTMP examination revealed the blood supply to the grafted fibula was adequate. The bony healing and functional restoration of the extremities proved to be satisfactory.
Subject(s)
Bone Transplantation , Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Bone and Bones/blood supply , Female , Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone/surgery , Fibula/anatomy & histology , Fibula/blood supply , Humans , Male , Microsurgery , Osteomyelitis/surgery , Transplantation, AutologousSubject(s)
Arachidonic Acids/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , Glycerophosphates/metabolism , Membrane Lipids/metabolism , Palmitoyl-CoA Hydrolase/metabolism , Thiolester Hydrolases/metabolism , Acetyltransferases/metabolism , Acyl Coenzyme A/metabolism , Animals , Calcium/pharmacology , Magnesium/pharmacology , Mice , Microsomes/metabolism , Phosphatidylcholines/metabolism , Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism , Phospholipases/metabolism , Synaptosomes/metabolismSubject(s)
Arachidonic Acids/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , Carbachol/pharmacology , Phospholipids/biosynthesis , Animals , Brain/drug effects , Glycerol/analogs & derivatives , Mice , Microsomes/metabolism , Phosphatidic Acids/biosynthesis , Phosphatidylcholines/biosynthesis , Phosphatidylethanolamines/biosynthesis , Phosphatidylinositols/biosynthesis , Phosphatidylserines/biosynthesis , Seizures/chemically induced , Synaptosomes/metabolismSubject(s)
Alkenes/metabolism , Brain/metabolism , Animals , Lipids/biosynthesis , Male , Phospholipids/biosynthesis , RatsABSTRACT
Chromatographic methods, especially thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) are widely used in investigations of the occurrence, molecular structure and metabolism of ether lipids. The application of such techniques to structural analysis and quantification, in combination with methods for the degradation and derivatization of ether lipids, is discussed.
Subject(s)
Chromatography , Ethers/analysis , Lipids/analysis , Alkenes , Alkylation , Chromatography, Gas , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Glycerides/analysis , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrolysis , Phospholipids/analysis , Plasmalogens/analysisABSTRACT
[U-14-C]Phytol (3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-ol) and [U-14-C]dihydrophytol (3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanol) were administered intracerebrally to 18-day-old rats and incorporation of radioactivity into brain lipids was determined after 6 and 24 h. Radioactivity from [U-14-C]phytol was found in free phytenic (3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-enoic), phytanic (3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoic) and pristanic (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecanoic) acids, in phytanic and pristanic acid moieties of neutral and polar lipids, and in esters of phytol. In addition, evidence is presented for the utilization of phytol to form 1-O-phytenyl-2-acyl glycerophosphatides. Radioactivity from [U-14-C]dihydrophytol was found in free phytanic and pristanic acids, the corresponding acyl groups of neutral and polar lipids, esters of dihydrophytol and 1-O-phytanyl-2-acyl glycerophosphatides. Incorporation of either substrate into O-alkylglycerols was very low, and labeled branched-chain alk-1-enylglycerols could not be detected.
Subject(s)
Brain/metabolism , Diterpenes/metabolism , Phytol/metabolism , Animals , Carbon Radioisotopes , Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/metabolism , Lipid Metabolism , Male , Phospholipids/metabolism , Phytol/analogs & derivatives , Rats , Triglycerides/metabolism , Waxes/metabolismSubject(s)
Lipid Metabolism , Phospholipids/metabolism , Animals , Brain Chemistry , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism , Cattle , Cell Line , Chromatography, Gas , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Cricetinae , Ethers/metabolism , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Glycerol/metabolism , Lipids/analysis , Liver/analysis , Liver Neoplasms , Male , Melanoma/metabolism , Methods , Mice , Myocardium/analysis , Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism , Organ Specificity , Rats , Sarcoma/metabolism , Testis/analysisABSTRACT
The metabolism of the stereomeric cyclic glycerol acetals of [1-(14)C]hexadecanal was studied in myelinating rat brain. It was found that the four isomers, cis- and trans-2-pentadecyl-5-hydroxy-1,3-dioxanes and cis- and trans-2-pentadecyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolanes, were utilized by the tissue at different rates. The acetals were primarily metabolized via a ring-opening mechanism leading to palmitic acid, some of which was subsequently elongated-desaturated. Only the five-membered ring isomers were incorporated as intact acetals into both neutral and polar brain lipids.
Subject(s)
Brain/metabolism , Dioxins/metabolism , Dioxoles/metabolism , Glycerol/metabolism , Acetals/metabolism , Aluminum , Animals , Carbon Radioisotopes , Chromatography, Gas , Chromatography, Thin Layer , Kinetics , Lipids/biosynthesis , Lithium , Male , Oxidation-Reduction , Palmitic Acids/biosynthesis , Phosphatidylcholines/biosynthesis , Phosphatidylethanolamines/biosynthesis , Rats , StereoisomerismSubject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Plants , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida albicans/drug effects , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Diffusion , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Fusarium/drug effects , Minnesota , Mycobacterium/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Solvents , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Staphylococcus/drug effectsSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Plants , Animals , Anticoagulants/pharmacology , Anticoagulants/toxicity , Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity , Cricetinae , Lethal Dose 50 , Leukemia L1210/drug therapy , Male , Melanoma/drug therapy , Mice , Minnesota , Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Prothrombin Time , Thromboplastin , Time FactorsABSTRACT
cis-9-[1-(14)C]Octadecenol, cis,cis-9,12-[1-(14)C]octadecadienol, and cis,cis,cis-9,12,15-[1-(14)C]octadecatrienol were administered intracerebrally to 18-day-old rats. Incorporation of radioactivity into the constituent alkyl, alk-1-enyl, and acyl moieties of the ethanolamine phosphatides of brain was determined after 3, 6, 24, and 48 hr. Incorporation of radioactivity from each precursor proceeded at approximately the same rate leading to mono-, di-, and triunsaturated alkyl and alk-1-enyl glycerols. In addition, the labeled alcohols were found to be oxidized to the corresponding fatty acids which were incorporated into acyl groups; radioactivity derived from di- and triunsaturated alcohols was found mainly in acyl moieties produced through chain elongation and desaturation reactions of di- and triunsaturated fatty acids.