Supernumerary Head of the Biceps Brachii Muscle: An Anatomic Variant With Clinical Implications.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this anatomic case report is to describe a variation of the biceps brachii muscle identified in an adult male cadaveric specimen and its potential clinical relevance. METHODS: A cadaveric specimen with a left supernumerary biceps brachii muscle was dissected. Adjacent neurovascular structures were isolated, and their pathways were observed for possible areas of compression. RESULTS: A tricipital supernumerary head of the biceps brachii muscle was noted on the left upper extremity in an embalmed human cadaveric specimen. The median nerve and brachial artery maintained their common neurovascular path. The musculocutaneous nerve passed deep to the third head of the anatomic variant before distributing its cutaneous branches as the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. CONCLUSION: The presence of a supernumerary biceps brachii muscle may cause neurovascular compression of the median nerve, musculocutaneous nerve, or brachial artery, resulting in peripheral nerve deficits. When patient conditions are refractory to care, they may warrant careful evaluation of the anterior compartment of the arm for potential anomalous muscle variations.

Management of Acute Patellar Dislocation: A Case Report.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this case study is to describe the evaluation and management of patellar dislocations and the different approaches used from providers in different countries. CLINICAL FEATURES: An individual dislocated her left patella while traveling abroad and received subsequent care in Thailand, China, and the United States. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: Nonoperative treatment protocols including manual closed reduction of the patella, casting of the leg, and rehabilitation exercises were employed. CONCLUSION: Receipt of care when abroad can be challenging. The patient's knee range of motion and pain continued to improve when she was diligent about performing the home exercise program. This case highlights the importance of a thorough examination, a proper regimen of care, and patient counseling to ensure a full recovery and minimize the chance of re-injury.