ABSTRACT
Two or more primary neoplastic lesions are very rare in children. We report a child who is first of its kind in English literature who presented with noncontiguous metachronous lipoma, chondroma, and fibrolipoma.
Subject(s)
Chondroma/diagnosis , Lipoma/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Second Primary/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Child , Chondroma/surgery , Humans , Lipoma/surgery , Male , Neoplasms, Second Primary/surgery , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Child abuse is a major public health crisis and is on the rise. Dermatologists are frequently involved in its evaluation in differentiating abusive injuries from accidental injuries and in excluding pathological conditions that may mimic abuse. Battered child syndrome or physical abuse is not only a common form of child abuse but can also result from a rarer form of child abuse known as Munchausen syndrome by proxy. In this form of abuse, mother, who is the usual perpetrator, induces an illness or abuses the child for her own self-serving psychological needs. METHODS: We report two cases of battered child syndrome. In both the cases, Psychiatric evaluation was performed on both parents. Observation through one-way mirror was done with the mother and the child alone. Routine hematological and biochemical investigations were done. RESULTS: Diagnosis of Munchausen syndrome by proxy was firmly established in one case and was considered as a possibility in the other. CONCLUSION: A multidisciplinary team effort is essential in evaluating such cases, and dermatologists should be aware and be well informed about this condition that can be potentially lethal but easily overlooked.
Subject(s)
Battered Child Syndrome/diagnosis , Burns/etiology , Fractures, Bone/etiology , Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy/diagnosis , Nail Diseases/etiology , Adult , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
Familial homozygous hypercholesterolemia is a rare autosomal dominant, metabolic disorder caused by mutation in the gene, which encodes the synthesis of low-density lipoprotein receptors and is characterized by increased serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Multiple types of xanthomas occur, such as tendinous, tuberous, xanthelasma, and sub-periosteal. Intertriginous xanthomas are rare but if present are pathognomonic of this disorder. We report two children with familial homozygous hypercholesterolemia who had multiple xanthomas including the intertriginous variety.
Subject(s)
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/complications , Xanthomatosis/genetics , Child , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Elbow , Female , Foot , Hand , Homozygote , Humans , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/therapy , Knee , Male , TendonsABSTRACT
Familial chylomicronemia syndrome is a rare disorder of lipoprotein metabolism due to familial lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or apolipoprotein C-II deficiency or the presence of inhibitors to lipoprotein lipase. It manifests as eruptive xanthomas, acute pancreatitis, and lipaemic plasma due to marked elevation of triglyceride and chylomicron levels. We report two siblings with this rare disorder and review the literature.
Subject(s)
Chylomicrons/blood , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I/diagnosis , Xanthomatosis/genetics , Apolipoproteins C/deficiency , Child , Child, Preschool , Consanguinity , Female , Hepatomegaly/genetics , Humans , Infant , Lipoprotein Lipase/deficiency , Male , SiblingsABSTRACT
Pigmented purpuric dermatoses (PPD) are chronic, asymptomatic dermatoses characterized by petechiae, pigmentation and rarely telangiectasias. Familial occurrence of PPD is very rare. We report four individuals in a family over three generations. The inheritance is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern.
