BODIPY functionalized o-carborane dyads for low-energy photosensitization.

A new type of organic dyad that can induce low-energy photosensitization has been developed; electron donor and electron acceptor units are boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and ortho-carborane (o-Cb), respectively. The new dyads consist of a V-shaped BODIPY-(o-Cb)-BODIPY molecular array in which two BODIPY units are substituted onto two adjacent carbon atoms of the central o-Cb. In the presence of the o-Cb unit, as an electron acceptor, significant fluorescence quenching was observed which indicated that photoinduced electron transfer (PET) had occurred from the end-on BODIPY units to the central o-Cb with PET efficiencies of 63-71%. As a result, the corresponding cationic and anionic species that are responsible for the charge transfer state were detected by the serial spectroelectrochemical studies: cationic BODIPY radicals at 400 nm at the applied voltage of 1.44 V and broad absorption bands of anionic o-Cb radicals in the range of 250-490 nm at -1.84 V. Transient absorption studies further confirmed the BODIPY radical anion at 540 nm and the o-Cb radical anion at 350-475 nm with a structureless broad band.

A three-dimensional π-electron acceptor, tri-phenyl-o-carborane, bearing a rigid conformation with end-on phenyl units.

Electron accepting capability is greatly improved for B-phenylated tri-phenyl-o-carborane (1) through a favorable electronic interaction between the two adjoining phenyl-π* and cage carbon-σ* orbitals.

Carborane-based optoelectronically active organic molecules: wide band gap host materials for blue phosphorescence.

Carborane-based host materials were prepared to fabricate deep blue phosphorescence organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs), which constituted three distinctive geometrical structures stemming from the corresponding three different isomeric forms of carboranes, namely, ortho-, meta-, and para-carboranes. These materials consist of two carbazolyl phenyl (CzPh) groups as photoactive units on each side of the carborane carbons to be bis[4-(N-carbazolyl)phenyl]carboranes, o-Cb, m-Cb, and p-Cb. To elaborate on the role of the carboranes, comparative analogous benzene series (o-Bz, m-Bz, and p-Bz) were prepared, and their photophysical properties were compared to show that advantageous photophysical properties were originated from the carborane structures: high triplet energy. Unlike m-Bz and p-Bz, carborane-based m-Cb and p-Cb showed an unconjugated nature between two CzPh units, which is essential for the blue phosphorescent materials. Also, the carborane hosts showed high glass transition temperatures (T(g)) of 132 and 164 °C for m-Cb and p-Cb, respectively. Albeit p-Cb exhibited slightly lower hole mobility when compared to p-Bz, it still lies at the high end hole mobility with a value of 1.1 × 10(-3) cm(2)/(V s) at an electric field of 5 × 10(5) V/cm. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that triplet wave functions were effectively confined and mostly located at either side of the carbazolyl units for m-Cb and p-Cb. Low-temperature PL spectra indeed provided unequivocal data with higher triplet energy (T(1)) of 3.1 eV for both m-Cb and p-Cb. p-Cb was successfully used as a host in deep blue PHOLEDs to provide a high external quantum efficiency of 15.3% and commission internationale de l'elcairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.15, 0.24).

(1,2-Dicarba-closo-dodeca-boran-yl)trimethyl-methanaminium iodide.

The title compound, [1-(CH(3))(3)NCH(2)-1,2-C(2)B(10)H(11)](+)·I(-) or C(6)H(22)B(10)N(+)·I(-), was obtained by the reaction of (1,2-dicarba-closo-dodeca-boran-yl)dimethyl-methanamine with methyl iodide. The asymmetric unit contains two iodide anions and two (o-carboran-yl)tetra-methyl-ammonium cations. The bond lengths and angles in the carborane cage are within normal ranges, but the N-C(methyl-ene)-C(cage) angle is very large [120.2 (2)°] because of repulsion between the carborane and tetra-methyl-ammonium units. In the crystal, ions are linked through C-H⋯I hydrogen bonds.

Multiple intramolecular hydrogen bonds in 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-[N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-P,P-diphenylphosphorimidoyl]phenol.

The title compound, C(38)H(48)NOP, isolated from the reaction of (2-diphenylphosphanyl-4,6-di-tert-butyl)phenol with 2,6-diisopropylphenyl azide at 273 K, can act as an N,O-bidentate ligand. Crystal structure analysis shows a deviation from ideal tetrahedral symmetry around the P atom. The molecule exists as a monomer in the solid state, whose conformation is stabilized via multiple intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Geometric parameters from both experimental and theoretical calculations are compared.

Two organometallic fragments inclusioned in a 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene tetraphosphane: evidence for transition metal-arene interaction through the cavity.

The preparation of an 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene tetraphosphane ligand, 25,26,27,28-tetrakis{2-(diphenylphosphino)ethoxy}calix[4]arene (4), is described. Ligand 4 is obtained in four steps in 17% overall yield. Reaction of 4 with AgBF4 produced the encapsulated two silver complex [Ag2{(P,P,P,P)-tetraphencalix[4]arene}](BF4)2. The solid-state structure shows that the encapsulated silver undergoes a substantial pi-interaction by two opposite arene rings. Rhodation of 4 employing [Rh(cot)2]BF4 yielded the encapsulated complex with a bent coordination mode. Two organometallic fragments inclusioned inside a 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene tetraphosphane was also achieved by the reaction of 4 with [PtH(PPh3)2 (thf)]+. Full characterization includes X-ray structural studies of compounds 4-6.

A series of tetrahomodioxacalix[4]biscrown-n. Syntheses, crystal structures, and metal binding abilities.

A series of novel tetrahomodioxacalix[4]biscrowns with crown-2, crown-3, crown-4, crown-5, and crown-6 units were synthesized. Conformations of each product are dependent on the base used and their conformation stabilities. All conformations were proven by NMR spectra and/or X-ray crystal structures. The 1,3-alternate homodioxacalix[4]biscrown-4 (4b) shows the best selectivity for K+, whereas the 1,3-alternate homodioxacalix[4]crown-5 (5) does for Cs+. Those selectivities are attributable to electrostatic interaction between the metal ion and the crown ring, as well as a pi-metal complexation. However, the C-1,2-alternate conformation does not take the metal ions regardless of the crown species as a result of steric hindrance from the methylene bridge of an ArCH2Ar unit.