ABSTRACT
Prospective monitoring of fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarctions and strokes was carried out in a population of workers with professional exposure to vibration. Duration of monitoring was 15 years. In the end of this period implementation of a program of preventive intervention was associated with lowering of rates of cerebral and coronary events (3.0 vs. 5.2% among nonparticipants in this program). In 5 years after cessation of the program an increase of risk of cardiovascular complications especially that of strokes occurred. Changes of rates of events in a group of workers not subjected to special intervention were less pronounced. Negative dynamics of event rates in the group of active prevention could be attributed to continuing action of unfavorable occupational factor.
Subject(s)
Hypertension/complications , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Occupational Exposure , Stroke/epidemiology , Vibration/adverse effects , Adult , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Hypertension/prevention & control , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Theoretical , Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Infarction/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Risk , Stroke/etiology , Stroke/mortality , Stroke/prevention & control , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Low-frequency magnetic fields and EHF-therapy have been used in correction of autonomic homeostasis in workers exposed to vibration for different periods of time. The workers suffered from early arterial hypertension. Vegetative status and central hemodynamics improved best in workers exposed to vibration for less than 5 years. If the exposure was 6-15 years, a positive trend occurred in the tension of regulatory mechanisms. Workers with long exposure to vibration suffering from vagotonia showed an inadequate response of the autonomic parameters to treatment. This necessitates enhancement of therapeutic measures with medicines.
Subject(s)
Autonomic Nervous System/physiopathology , Electroacupuncture , Hypertension/physiopathology , Magnetics , Occupational Exposure , Vibration , HumansABSTRACT
The authors present results concerning use of low-frequency magnetic fields and HF-therapy for correction of vegetative homeostasis in workers with variable length of service, exposed to vibration, having early forms of arterial hypertension. The most positive changes of vegetative status and central hemodynamics are seen in workers with low length of service.
Subject(s)
Heart Rate/physiology , Hypertension/complications , Magnetics/therapeutic use , Occupational Diseases , Radiofrequency Therapy , Vibration/adverse effects , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/complications , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/therapyABSTRACT
The authors present results of manifold evaluation of stomach in 109 patients with vibration disease caused by various vibration characteristics. The evaluation covered clinical signs, laboratory studies, endoscopic and pathomorphologic methods with light and electronic microscopy, in vitro radioautography and morphostereologic analysis. Features of gastric disease in vibration disease are asymptomatic course, depressed gastric secretion, prevalent atrophic changes of mucosa on endoscopy. Morphologic analysis of gastric biopsies revealed marked dystrophy and atrophy of the lining, glandular atrophy, diffuse stromal sclerosis and in most cases no signs of gastritis. The findings are termed vibration gastropathy.
Subject(s)
Gastroscopy/methods , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Stomach/pathology , Vibration/adverse effects , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
The authors studied morphologic and constitutional features in individuals with various durability to vibration. Patients fragile to vibration were pectoral and indefinite somatotypes with connective tissue dysplasia and small congenital abnormalities (spondylodysplasia, venous wall deficiency. "dysplastic" heart signs and others). Patients durable to vibration were muscular and abdominal somatotypes with rare connective tissue dysplasia and small congenital abnormalities (2.5-10.2% of cases). Evaluation of morphologic and constitutional characteristics is recommended in preliminary and periodic medical examinations of workers subjected to vibration, for assessment of individual risk degree and differential medical follow-up.
Subject(s)
Body Constitution/physiology , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Vibration/adverse effects , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Coal Mining , Cold Climate , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Adult , Humans , Male , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupations , Siberia , Time FactorsABSTRACT
171 iron-deficient painters and 20 subjects with chronic intoxication with aromatic hydrocarbons were studied in a large aircraft construction factory. After correlative analysis of iron metabolism, ferritin, erythrocytes, diameter and perimeter of reticulocytes, length of service three types of iron-deficiency were identified: typical, with evident toxicity, with a high risk of toxic damage. An important role of lipid peroxidation activity and toxic erythrocyto-membranopathy for pathomorphosis of iron deficiency anemia and progress of toxic anemia is demonstrated. A differential approach to treatment of different anemia variants was used. The treatment included membranoprotectors (alpha-tocopherol, essential, lypostabil) and unspecific detoxication (SUMS-enterosorbent, unitiol).
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants, Occupational/adverse effects , Anemia/chemically induced , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Solvents/adverse effects , Adult , Aircraft , Anemia/blood , Anemia/diagnosis , Anemia/therapy , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/blood , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/chemically induced , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/diagnosis , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/therapy , Chronic Disease , Combined Modality Therapy , Humans , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Male , Occupational Diseases/blood , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/therapy , Paint/adverse effectsABSTRACT
The studies of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defence, structure and functions of erythrocytes in iron deficiency of painters revealed severe changes in the cells' chemiluminescence, sulfhydryl and catalase activities, levels of free cholesterol, lipoproteins, hystidine and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, saponin resistance and viscosity of erythrocytes. The changes appeared to depend on duration of exposure to the toxic chemicals. The data presents additional markers of toxic influence on erythrocytes in developing iron deficiency of painters.
Subject(s)
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/blood , Erythrocytes/drug effects , Occupational Diseases/blood , Paint/adverse effects , Solvents/adverse effects , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/chemically induced , Erythrocytes/pathology , Erythrocytes/physiology , Female , Humans , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A study was made of the blood and tissue oxygen regime in patients with vibratory disease (VD) induced by local vibration and of the importance of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in oxygenation disorders. Venous hyperoxia, a decrease of the arteriovenous difference according to oxygen, the percentage of oxygen utilization by tissues, shift of the acid-base balance towards metabolic acidosis were established, attesting to tissue hypoxia that increased with the gravity of VD. The importance of a steady activation of LPO and depression of the antioxidant system in the pathogenesis of hypoxia associated with VD was supported by the correlation analysis data on oxygen balance and LPO, the functional and metabolic characteristics of red blood cells (according to the viscosity of red blood cell suspension and the content in the cells of SH-groups, lipoproteins and histidine) and platelets (according to aggregation in response to ADP and thrombin) as well as by the level of blood serum fluorescence. The authors provide evidence for the use of antioxidants (a complex of alpha-tocopherol with ascorbic acid and methionine and calcium antagonists of the nifedipine group), giving a membranostabilizing effect, in multimodality treatment of patients afflicted with VD.
Subject(s)
Hypoxia/etiology , Vibration/adverse effects , Acid-Base Imbalance/physiopathology , Adult , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Blood Viscosity/physiology , Cell Membrane/drug effects , Cell Membrane/physiology , Erythrocytes/physiology , Homeostasis/physiology , Humans , Hypoxia/drug therapy , Hypoxia/metabolism , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Middle Aged , Oxygen/metabolism , Platelet Aggregation/drug effectsABSTRACT
The article deals with sulfhydryls (SH), histidine and lipoproteins changes in vibration disease patients (VD). The erythrocytes functional state changes depend on the gravity of the disease. The first degree of VD is characterized by the growing SH and lipoproteins concentrations with the same histidine level. The second degree of VD entails a lowered content of SH and histidine with a markedly increased concentration of lipoproteins.
Subject(s)
Erythrocytes/metabolism , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Vibration/adverse effects , Adult , Histidine/blood , Humans , Lipoproteins/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/blood , Sulfhydryl Compounds/bloodABSTRACT
Established was the rate of interventricular septum asymmetrical hypertrophy and left auricle exstasia in vibration disease patients as a result of local vibration. The left ventricle myocardium contraction in major parameters (ventricular ejection, maximum ejection, ejection time and volume, the myocardium circular contraction rate and anterior-posterior contraction, systolic ejection rate) were not affected to a significant degree. The left ventricular systolic function was tending to decrease in vibration disease cases combined with IHD and AH. Desirability of using EchoCG in combination with load testing was proposed for the differential diagnosis of metabolic coronary lesions of the myocardium in vibration disease patients.
Subject(s)
Heart Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Vibration/adverse effects , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography , Heart/physiopathology , Heart Diseases/diagnosis , Heart Diseases/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Contraction , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Examination results of corinphar efficacy in the treatment of 25 patients with vibration disease caused by local vibration of mean- and high-frequency range were described. The daily dose of corinphar was 30 mg, the course of treatment lasted 17-21 days. Positive effect was noted in 23 patients. During the treatment course peripheric hemodynamics, microhemocirculation and transcapillary metabolism improved, intensity of lipid peroxidation reactions decreased because of vasodilating, desaggregate and antioxidant impact of the preparation.
Subject(s)
Nifedipine/therapeutic use , Occupational Diseases/drug therapy , Raynaud Disease/drug therapy , Vibration/adverse effects , Humans , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Raynaud Disease/etiologyABSTRACT
A complex assessment of the RASC system in patients with vibration disease of different stages of severity is presented. Early disorders of the thrombocytovascular chain of hemostasis have been established at the initial stage of the disease. When pathologic process grows worse, disorders of the coagulation chain are identified. Proceeding from the above studies it is shown that changes in the aggregate blood state are significant for microangiopathy pathogenesis in patients with vibration disease. Expediency of the use of antithrombocytic and vasoprotective preparations in complex treatment has been substantiated.
