ABSTRACT
Genes for adiponectin and resistin are candidate genes of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) 45T>G and 276G>T of the adiponectin gene and 62G>A and -180C>G of the resistin gene in patients with obesity (OB), anorexia nervosa (AN) and in control healthy normal-weight women (NW) and to study the influence of particular genotypes on serum concentrations of these hormones and on insulin sensitivity. Serum adiponectin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), insulin, cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and blood glucose levels were measured in 77 patients with OB, 28 with AN and 38 NW. DNA analysis was carried out by polymerase chain reaction with restriction analysis of PCR product. The presence of SNP ADP+276 G>T allele was accompanied by higher cholesterol levels in AN patients, higher adiponectin concentrations in OB patients and lower HbA1c levels in NW. SNP of the resistin gene 62G>A was associated with lower HbA1c in NW and higher cholesterol concentrations in OB group. The carriers of the minor G allele in the position -180 of the resistin gene within AN group had significantly higher BMI relative to non-carriers. We conclude that polymorphisms in adiponectin and resistin genes can contribute to metabolic phenotype of patients with obesity and anorexia nervosa.
Subject(s)
Adiponectin/genetics , Anorexia Nervosa/genetics , Anorexia Nervosa/metabolism , Obesity/genetics , Obesity/metabolism , Polymorphism, Genetic/physiology , Resistin/genetics , Adult , Body Mass Index , Cholesterol/blood , DNA/biosynthesis , DNA/genetics , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Humans , Phenotype , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/bloodABSTRACT
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder affecting mostly young people which could lead to serious complications and consequences. There are ethnical and gender differences in the incidence and prevalence of AN, but the influence of urbanization has not yet been proved. The relationship of genetic background to the risk of AN is still being investigated. In this review we summarize current knowledge about the relationship between AN and polymorphism of substances known to be regulating eating behaviour or metabolic pathways e.g. serotonin, ghrelin, catechol-O-methyl transferase, neuropeptide Y, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and adipokines.
