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1.
Int J Immunogenet ; 42(4): 254-64, 2015 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25899833

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of both TIM-1 rs41297579 G>A (-1454) and TIM-4 rs7700944 polymorphisms on susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a cohort of Egyptian population and to evaluate for the first time their relation to activity, severity, disease-related disability and erosion. TIM-1 rs41297579 G>A (-1454) and TIM-4 rs7700944 gene polymorphisms were typed by RFLP for 128 patients with RA and 125 healthy controls. The A allele, A-containing genotypes (GA and AA) of the TIM-4 and GA haplotype were present with significant higher frequency in patients with RA than healthy controls (Pc  < 0.001). These findings suggest that the A allele, A-containing genotypes (GA and AA) and GA haplotype may be a susceptibility risk factor for RA [OR = 5.83 (3.6-9.4), OR = 9.41 (5.0-17.6) and OR = 4.21 (1.07-19.2), respectively]. No associations were found between TIM genotypes and disease activity, severity or presence of erosion. However, the RA patients with GA genotype of TIM-4 have higher grade of rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity (P = 0.018), and have worse disease-related disability (P = 0.007) and worse pain (0.025). TIM-4 rs7700944 and not TIM-1 rs41297579 G>A (-1454) is associated with RA in the present cohort of Egyptian and may be a risk factor for development of RA in Egyptian. Both SNPs have no effect on disease activity, severity or erosion. However, TIM-4 GA genotype is associated with higher grade of RF positivity and worse disease-related disability and pain.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics , Receptors, Virus/genetics , Adult , Alleles , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology , Egypt , Female , Genetic Association Studies , Genotype , Haplotypes , Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1 , Humans , Male , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Risk Factors
2.
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim ; 33(3): 158-62, 2014 Mar.
Article in French | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24513026

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: The medico-legal risk specifically associated with the practice of ambulatory surgery is still not well studied. SHAM insurances are the biggest French provider of medical liability insurances. The study of the insurance claims provided by this insurer is therefore a relevant source of data on the complications related to ambulatory surgery. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the claim rate related to ambulatory surgery with non-ambulatory surgery. STUDY DESIGN: We did a retrospective study on insurance claims provided by SHAM insurances between 2007 and 2011 to compare the claim rate related to ambulatory surgery with non-ambulatory surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched the files in the SHAM database, and then analyzed them. RESULTS: On the study period, out of a total of 29565 registered claims, 467 (1.6%) originated from ambulatory surgery. On the total of 29,098 registered claims for non-ambulatory surgery, 2151 (7.4%) led to a condemnation whereas the rate was 7% (33 out of 467 claims) for ambulatory surgery. The condemnations linked to ambulatory surgery amounted to 1.5% of the total (33 out of 2184), for a cost of 1.7 M€ (versus 400,3 M€ for non-ambulatory surgery). The average cost of a compensation is therefore 50,500 € for ambulatory surgery and 186,000 € for non-ambulatory surgery. The medical specialties concerned are primarily ophthalmology, abdominal and orthopedics surgery. The main identified causes were medical errors (n=16) and nosocomial infections (n=13). CONCLUSIONS: The claim rate in ambulatory surgery is proportionally less frequent with compensations three times less and were related to the most frequent type of surgery done in ambulatory settings. These data should help strengthen quality approach in ambulatory surgery.


Subject(s)
Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/legislation & jurisprudence , Insurance, Liability/statistics & numerical data , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/economics , Ambulatory Surgical Procedures/trends , Databases, Factual , France/epidemiology , Humans , Insurance Claim Review , Insurance, Liability/economics , Insurance, Liability/trends , Liability, Legal , Medical Errors/legislation & jurisprudence , Retrospective Studies , Risk
3.
Clin Nephrol ; 59(6): 475-9, 2003 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12834182

ABSTRACT

AIMS: To describe a patient with end-stage renal disease who developed non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema after transfusion of packed red blood cells. DESIGN: Case report and literature review. RESULTS: The patient under consideration is a 60-year-old woman who developed acute pulmonary edema after transfusion of packed red blood cells without concomitant dialysis. The initial diagnosis of fluid overload was managed by isolated ultrafiltration. Minimal fluid removal led to significant hypotension that was resistant to vasopressors. Subsequent pulmonary artery catheter readings were consistent with non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The patient improved spontaneously over the next few days with supportive care only. Plasma from the donors was checked for granulocyte antibodies and antibodies to HLA class I antigens. No granulocyte antibodies were detected in donor plasma but of one the HLA antibodies detected in donor plasma had specificity for a recipient HLA-A antigen. These characteristics supported a final diagnosis of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). CONCLUSIONS: Acute pulmonary edema following blood transfusion in a dialysis-dependent patient does not always signify fluid overload and nephrologists should be aware of the alternative diagnosis of TRALI. Proper awareness of TRALI will lead to prompt diagnosis and appropriate management.


Subject(s)
Erythrocyte Transfusion , Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology , Pulmonary Edema/etiology , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/etiology , Anemia/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Edema/diagnosis , Renal Dialysis , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/diagnosis
4.
Toxicol Lett ; 62(2-3): 127-37, 1992 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1412499

ABSTRACT

The administration of 2-pyridine aldoxime methyl chloride (2-PAM Cl) is a standard part of the regimen for treatment of human overexposure to many organophosphorus pesticides and nerve agents. However, some literature references indicate that poisoning by carbaryl (1-naphthyl N-methyl carbamate), an insecticide in everyday use, is aggravated by the administration of 2-PAM Cl. This effect has been reported in the mouse, rat, dog and man. We have found that the inhibition of both eel acetylcholinesterase (eel AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and human serum cholinesterase (human BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) by carbaryl was enhanced by several oximes. Based on 95% confidence limits the rank order of potentiation with eel AChE was TMB-4 = Toxogonin > HS-6 = HI-6 > 2-PAM Cl. By the same criterion, the rank order of potentiation with human BuChE was TMB-4 > Toxogonin > HS-6 = 2-PAM Cl. Carbaryl-challenged mice also reflected a potentiation since TMB-4 exacerbated the toxicity more than 2-PAM Cl. Our hypothesis is that certain oximes act as allosteric effectors of cholinesterases in carbaryl poisoning, resulting in enhanced inhibition rates and potentiation of carbaryl toxicity.


Subject(s)
Carbaryl/toxicity , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Cholinesterase Reactivators/pharmacology , Oximes/pharmacology , Pralidoxime Compounds/pharmacology , Animals , Cholinesterases/blood , Drug Synergism , Eels , Humans , Male , Mice , Trimedoxime/pharmacology
5.
J Med Chem ; 32(2): 504-16, 1989 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2913311

ABSTRACT

A series of structurally related monosubstituted 1-[(alkenyloxy)methyl]-, 1-[(alkynyloxy)methyl]-, and 1-[(aralkyloxy)methyl]-2-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-3-methyli midazolium halides were prepared and evaluated. All new compounds were characterized with respect to (hydroxyimino)methyl acid dissociation constant, nucleophilicity, and octanol-buffer partition coefficient. The alkynyloxy-substituted compounds were also evaluated in vitro with respect to reversible inhibition of human erythrocyte (RBC) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and kinetics of reactivation of human AChE inhibited by ethyl p-nitrophenyl methylphosphonate (EPMP). In vivo evaluation in mice revealed that coadministration of alkynyloxy-substituted imidazolium compounds with atropine sulfate provided significant protection against a 2 x LD50 challenge of GD. For the alkynyloxy-substituted imidazolium drugs there is a direct relationship between in vitro and in vivo activity: the most potent in vivo compounds against GD proved to be potent in vitro reactivators against EPMP-inhibited human AChE. These results differ from the observations made on the sterically hindered imidazolium compounds (see previous article) and suggest that several antidotal mechanisms of protective action may be applicable for the imidazolium aldoxime family of therapeutics. The ability of the alkynyloxy substituents to provide life-saving protection against GD intoxication was not transferable to the pyridinium or triazolium heteroaromatic ring systems.


Subject(s)
Antidotes/chemical synthesis , Cholinesterase Reactivators/chemical synthesis , Imidazoles/chemical synthesis , Imines/chemical synthesis , Soman/poisoning , Animals , Antidotes/pharmacology , Cholinesterase Reactivators/pharmacology , Humans , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Imines/pharmacology , Mice , Structure-Activity Relationship
6.
J Pharm Sci ; 74(7): 788-90, 1985 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4032257

ABSTRACT

This report describes how a material within the cartridge of an automatic injector contaminated its contents. On prolonged storage, a formulation that contained atropine produced lethality in mice. The toxic material originated from zinc compounds that were present in the rubber stopper and plunger of the container and that subsequently leached into the formulation. The contents of cartridges that contained greater than or equal to 0.75 mg/mL of solubilized zinc were lethal to at least 20% of the mice tested; those that contained 0.42 mg/mL showed no lethality. The problem resulted from the physicochemical properties of the rubber, not the concentration of zinc used in the vulcanization process.


Subject(s)
Atropine/analysis , Drug Packaging , Zinc/analysis , Animals , Atropine/toxicity , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry, Physical , Chromatography, Liquid , Drug Storage , Injections, Intravenous/instrumentation , Mice , Rubber , Spectrophotometry, Atomic
9.
Appl Microbiol ; 18(4): 688, 1969 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-5369305

ABSTRACT

Three phenylalanine-negative Proteus vulgaris strains were isolated from three different sources. The significance of these Proteus strains has not been fully recognized.


Subject(s)
Phenylalanine/metabolism , Proteus/isolation & purification , Proteus/metabolism
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