ABSTRACT
Dillapiole n-butyl ether is a substance derived from dillapiole, which exhibits potential insecticidal effects on Aedes aegypti, the principal vector of the Dengue fever, Zika, and Chikungunya viruses, as well as Aedes albopictus, a vector of Dengue fever. As these mosquitoes are resistant to synthetic insecticides, dillapiole n-butyl ether may represent a valuable, plant-based alternative for their control. Dillapiole n-butyl ether has insecticidal and genotoxic effects on A. aegypti and A. albopictus, as shown by the reduction in clutch size and egg viability, and increased mortality rates, as well as a high frequency of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations. However, the potential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of this substance in mammals are still unknown. In Balb/C mice, structural changes were detected in hepatic, renal, and cardiac tissues, which were directly proportional to the concentration of the dose applied, in both genders. The induction of genotoxic, mutagenic, and cytotoxic effects was also observed at the highest concentrations (150 and 328 mg/kg). Further research will be necessary to better characterize the potential genotoxicity of this substance at lower concentrations, for the evaluation of the potential health risks related to its presence in environmental features, such as drinking water.
Subject(s)
Allyl Compounds/toxicity , DNA Damage/drug effects , Dioxoles/toxicity , Heart/drug effects , Kidney/drug effects , Liver/drug effects , Allyl Compounds/administration & dosage , Animals , Cell Survival/drug effects , Dioxoles/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mutagenicity Tests , PiperABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Ozone has been used as an alternative method for the decontamination of water, food, equipment and instruments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of ozonated water on the sanitization of dental instruments that were contaminated by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and the spores of Bacillus atrophaeus. METHODS: A total of one hundred and twenty standardized samples of diamond dental burs were experimentally contaminated with E. coli (ATCC 25922), S. aureus (ATCC 6538) and C. albicans (ATCC 18804) and the spores of B. atrophaeus (ATCC 6633) for 30 min. After the contamination, the samples were exposed to ozonated water (10mg/L O(3)) for 10 or 30min. The control group was composed of samples that were exposed to distilled water for 30 min. After the exposure to the ozonated water, 0.1 mL aliquots were seeded onto BHI agar to count the colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) of E. coli, S. aureus, and B. atrophaeus. Sabouraud dextrose agar was used to count the CFU/mL of C. albicans. The results were subjected to an analysis of variance and the Tukey test. RESULTS: For all of the microorganisms studied, the ozonated water reduced the number of CFU/mL after 10 and 30 min of sanitization, and this microbial reduction was dependent on the duration of the exposure to the ozonated water. E. coli exhibited the greatest reduction in CFU/mL (2.72-3.78 log) followed by S. aureus (2.14-3.19 log), C. albicans (1.44-2.14 log) and the spores of B. atrophaeus (1.01-1.98 log). CONCLUSION: The ozonated water was effective in reducing the CFU of E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans and B. atrophaeus spores, suggesting that ozonated water can be used for the sanitization of dental instruments.
Subject(s)
Bacillus/drug effects , Candida albicans/drug effects , Dental Instruments/microbiology , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Ozone/pharmacology , Spores, Bacterial/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Bacillus/physiology , Candida albicans/physiology , Colony Count, Microbial , Culture Media/chemistry , Disinfectants/pharmacology , Disinfection/methods , Escherichia coli/physiology , Humans , Microbial Viability/drug effects , Spores, Bacterial/physiology , Staphylococcus aureus/physiology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The antibacterial activity of essential oils extracted from medicinal plants (Ocimum gratissimum, L., Cybopogum citratus (DC) Stapf., and Salvia officinalis, L.) was assessed on bacterial strains derived from 100 urine samples. Samples were taken from subjects diagnosed with urinary tract infection living in the community. Microorganisms were plated on Müller Hinton agar. Plant extracts were applied using a Steers replicator and petri dishes were incubated at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. Salvia officinalis, L. showed enhanced inhibitory activity compared to the other two herbs, with 100% efficiency against Klebsiella and Enterobacter species, 96% against Escherichia coli, 83% against Proteus mirabilis, and 75% against Morganella morganii.
Subject(s)
Enterobacteriaceae/drug effects , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Salvia officinalis/chemistry , Urinary Tract Infections/microbiology , Animals , Cymbopogon/chemistry , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Ocimum/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/analysis , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
A análise da atividade antibacteriana de óleos essenciais de ervas medicinais (Ocimum gratissimum, L., Cybopogum citratus (DC) Stapf. e Salvia officinalis, L.) foi verificada frente a 100 cepas de bactérias isoladas de indivíduos da comunidade com diagnóstico de infecção urinária. Os microrganismos foram semeados em ágar Muller Hinton e os extratos aplicados com replicador de Steers e incubados a 37ºC por 24 horas. Verificou-se que Salvia officinalis, L. apresentou ação inibitória superior às outras ervas, tendo eficácia de 100 por cento quando testadas em espécies de Klebsiella e Enterobacter, 96 por cento em Escherichia coli, 83 por cento contra Proteus mirabilis e 75 por cento contra Morganella morganii.
