ABSTRACT
PURPOSES: To understand the pathogenesis in rat corneal endothelial cells (RCECs) induced by murine cytomegalovirus infection in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: In vitro, cultured RCECs were infected with murine cytomegalovirus strain K181-eGFP (MCMV-eGFP). In vivo, experimental rats received intracameral injection of MCMV-eGFP. Replicating viruses and morphology change of RCECs in vivo were evaluated at several time points. RESULTS: In vitro, RCECs became necrosis at 6hpi. MCMV-eGFP began replicating at 12hpi. In vivo, the inflammatory reactions appeared at 12hpi, peaked at 72hpi and gradually subsided. Replicating MCMV-eGFP appeared in RCECs in vivo from 24hpi to 72hpi. RCECs enlarged after 12hpi and capsids in the nuclei were visible at 72hpi. A monocyte was found on a corneal endothelium at 120hpi. CONCLUSIONS: RCECs were sensitive to MCMV in vitro. Replication of MCMV-eGFP in vivo began at 24hpi and ended after 72hpi, later than the inflammatory reactions.
Subject(s)
Cytomegalovirus Infections , Muromegalovirus , Animals , Endothelial Cells , Endothelium, Corneal , Epithelial Cells , Mice , RatsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic changes of ganciclovir (GCV) intraocular injection. METHODS: GCV (2 mg/0.1 mL) was injected into rabbit eyes. Aqueous GCV concentration was detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. Potential toxicity was assessed by slit-lamp examination, optical coherence tomography, fundus examination, confocal microscopy, and histology. RESULTS: Aqueous GCV concentrations were 24.83 ± 6.41 µg/mL, 0.65 ± 0.52 µg/mL, and undetected on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after intravitreal injection. GCV could not be detected on the first day after intracameral injection. No corneal abnormality was found after intravitreal injection, but retinal edema was observed on the first day which receded later. Corneal edema was obvious with endothelial cytoarchitecture damaged after intracameral injection; fluid retention also existed in retina. CONCLUSIONS: GCV intravitreal injection offers effective, sustained drug concentration in the anterior chamber, and its damage to retina receded over time. Intracameral injection results in rapid drug elimination and severe damage to endothelium and thus is not recommended.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics and in vivo confocal microscopic (IVCM) findings of varicella zoster virus (VZV)-related corneal endotheliitis.Methods: Retrospectively reviewed 20 eyes with corneal edema which were diagnosed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: one had VZV infection. Three had epithelial lesions. Six had mydriasis. Four had loss of iris pigment. Keratic precipitates (KPs) were mixed. Subbasal nerves had disappeared in 12 eyes. Langerhans cells were observed in seven eyes. The deviations in endothelial cell layers consisted of guttate (n = 1), enlarged intercellular gaps (n = 11), infiltration of inflammatory cells (n = 8), loss of defined cell boundaries (n = 1) and anomalous nucleus (n = 9). The shape of KPs in IVCM included type I (n = 6), type III (n = 3) and type IV (n = 4).Conclusion: VZV-related corneal endotheliitis is remarkably difficult to detect clinically. Most cases have no typical skin lesions. The typical clinical feature is that of segmental iris atrophy and mixed KPs.
