[Humidified high flow nasal cannula and visual laryngoscope].

Objective:To study the application value of humidified high flow nasal cannula （HHFNC） combined with visual laryngoscopy in the arytenoid cartilage dislocation. Methods:Twenty-nine patients with arytenoid cartilage dislocation were randomly double-blind into HHFNC group and general nasal catheter oxygen suction group, and the intraoperative and postoperative evaluation indicators, anesthesia-related indicators and postoperative vocal cord were compared. Results:There were statistically significant differences in intraoperative blood oxygen saturation, microstream end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure EtCO2, respiratory rate and respiratory intervention times between the two groups （P<0.05）, and statistically significant differences in postoperative heart rate, oxygen saturation and respiratory rate （P<0.05）. After reduction, the voice disturbance index, the degree of voice abnormality, rough voice, breath sound, powerless pronunciation and catatonic pronunciation changed significantly after operation. Conclusion:HHFNC combined with visual laryngoscopy in the arytenoid cartilage dislocation has high anesthetic safety, good cooperation of patients, and good surgical effect.

IPO5 Mediates EMT and Promotes Esophageal Cancer Development through the RAS-ERK Pathway.

Objective: In the development of many tumors, IPO5, as a member of the nuclear transporter family, exerts a significant function. Also, IPO5 is used as a therapeutic target for tumors based on some reports. By studying IPO5 expression in esophageal cancer tissues, the mechanism associated with IPO5 improving esophageal cancer development was explored in this study. Methods: To gain differentially expressed genes, this study utilized mRNA microarray and TCGA database for comprehensive analysis of esophageal cancer tissues and normal esophageal cancer tissues, and then the differentially expressed gene IPO5 was screened by us. To assess esophageal cancer patients' prognosis, this study also applied the Kaplan-Meier analysis, and we also conducted the GSEA enrichment analysis to investigate IPO5-related signaling pathways. This study performed TISIDB and TIMER online analysis tools to study the correlation between IPO5 and immune regulation and infiltration. We took specimens of esophageal cancer from patients and detected the expression of IPO5 in tumor and normal tissues by immunohistochemistry. The IPO5 gene-silenced esophageal cancer cell model was constructed by lentivirus transfection. Through the Transwell invasion assay, CCK-8 assay, and cell scratch assay, this study investigated the effects of IPO5 on cell propagation, invasion, and transfer. What is more, we identified the influences of IPO5 on the cell cycle through flow cytometry and established a subcutaneous tumor-forming model in nude mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to verify the expression of KI-67, and this study detected the modifications of cell pathway-related proteins using Western blot and applied EMT-related proteins to explain the mechanism of esophageal cancer induced by IPO5. Results: According to database survival analysis, IPO5 high-expression patients had shorter disease-free survival than IPO5 low-expression patients. Compared to normal tissues, the IPO5 expression in cancer tissues was significantly higher in clinical trials (P < 0.05). Through TISIDB and TIMER database studies, we found that IPO5 could affect immune regulation, and the age of IPO5 expression grows with the increase of immune infiltration level. The IPO5 expression in esophageal cancer cells was higher than normal, especially in ECA109 and OE33 cells (P < 0.01). After knocking out IPO5 gene expression, cell proliferation capacity and invasion capacity were reduced (P < 0.05) and decreased (P < 0.01) in the IPO5-interfered group rather than the negative control group. The growth cycle of esophageal carcinoma cells was arrested in the G2/M phase after IPO5 gene silencing (P < 0.01). Tumor-forming experiments in nude mice confirmed that after IPO5 deletion, the tumor shrank, the expression of KI67 decreased, the downstream protein expression level of the RAS pathway decreased after sh-IPO5 interference (P < 0.01), and the level of EMT marker delined (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In esophageal cancer, IPO5 is highly expressed and correlates with survival rate. Esophageal cancer cell growth and migration were significantly affected by the inhibition of IPO5 in vitro and in vivo. IPO5 mediates EMT using the RAS-ERK signaling pathway activation and promotes esophageal cancer cell development in vivo and in vitro.

Study on the Repair Technology of Laser Damage-Fused Silica Optics Based on the Neural Network Method.

As a key component of a high-power laser device, fused silica optics needs to bear great laser energy, and laser damage is easily generated on the optical surface. In order to improve the service life and availability of optics, it is necessary to repair the damaged optics. In this work, the repair technique of damaged, fused silica optics was studied. The neural network method was mainly used to establish the correlation between the number of small-scale damage points and the repair depth. The prediction accuracy of the model is better than 90%. Based on the neural network model, the removal depth parameters were optimized with the suppression coefficient of the damage points. The processing effect of the optimized parameters was verified by magnetorheological polishing experiments. In this paper, a repair technique based on a neural network was proposed, which avoids the low efficiency caused by processing iterations in the repair process, and can accurately what was expected. The method proposed in this work has an important reference value in the repair process of fused silica optics.

SERPINE1 Overexpression Promotes Malignant Progression and Poor Prognosis of Gastric Cancer.

The serine protease inhibitor clade E member 1 (SERPINE1) is a major inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase, and has been implicated in the development and progression of a variety of tumors. In this study, mRNA microarray and TCGA database were used to comprehensively analyze the upregulation of SERPINE1 in gastric cancer (GC) tissues compared with the normal stomach tissues. Kaplan-Meier results confirmed that patients with high SERPINE1 expression exhibited worse overall survival and disease-free survival. In addition, cell proliferation, cell scratches, transwell migration and invasion assay showed that SERPINE1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of GC ells. Western blot showed that the expression of VEGF and IL-6 was significantly upregulated after overexpression of SERPINE1. Meanwhile, SERPINE1 was positively correlated with the level of immune infiltration using the online analysis tools TISIDB and TIMER. And SERPINE1 expression increased with the increase of malignancy of GC which were detected by Immunohistochemistry. Finally, tumorigenesis experiments in nude mice further demonstrated that SERPINE1 could promote the occurrence and development of GC, while deletion of SERPINE1 inhibited the progression of GC. In summary, SERPINE1 was highly expressed in GC tissues, and SERPINE1 was helpful for differential diagnosis of pathological grade of gastric mucosal lesions. SERPINE1 might regulate the expression of VEGF and IL-6 through the VEGF signaling pathway and JAK-STAT3 inflammatory signaling pathway, thus ultimately affecting the invasion and migration of GC cells.

Comprehensive bioinformatics analyses identified Homeobox B9 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: The Homeobox B (HOXB) family promotes tumor progression, but the mechanism of its action in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. We sought to identify the HOXB family members that are critical to the prognosis of GC patients. METHODS: The Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), cBioPortal, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotter, and the GeneMANIA databases were used to analyze the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels, prognostic value, and gene-gene interaction network of the HOXB9 family members in GC. The expression of HOXB9 in GC and its relationship with various clinicopathological parameters and the prognosis of patients were verified by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression of HOXB3, HOXB5, HOXB6, HOXB7, HOXB9, and HOXB13 mRNA was significantly upregulated in GC. There was a significant correlation between the upregulation of HOXB3, HOXB5, and HOXB9 mRNA and a low overall survival (OS) rate. The high expression of HOXB7, HOXB9, and HOXB13 mRNA was closely correlated to tumor grade and stage. HOXB9 was the HOXB family member most closely related to the occurrence and development of GC. A further analysis showed that HOXB9 might be involved in deoxyribonucleic acid repair and division regulation. A validation study showed that the advanced cancer group had a higher level of HOXB9 expression than the early cancer group. The high expression of HOXB9 in gastric tissue plays an important role in the survival and prognosis of GC patients. CONCLUSIONS: HOXB family members have different degrees of abnormal expression in GC. High HOXB9 expression in GC tissues was significantly correlated with a worse prognosis. Thus, HOXB9 is a potential novel biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.

[Clinical application of SVF-gel in unilateral vocal cord paralysis].

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of SVF-gel in unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Methods:his investigation presented a retrospective study of SVF-gel auto-transplantation in 22 patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis from June 2017 to December 2018 in otolaryngology head and neck surgery of Nanjing Tongren Hospital. Under the general anesthesia support laryngoscope, the medial thigh was selected as the fat supply area. SVF-gel was obtained by SVF-gel technology. The SVF-gel was transplanted into the vocal cord muscle and the paraglottic space. The laryngography was performed before and after the operation. The voice was analyzed and compared to evaluate the therapeutic effect. Results:SVF-gel was successfully transplanted in all 22 cases. The stroboscopic laryngoscopy showed that the vocal cords vibrated well and the glottis closed normally. The results of GRBAS showed that the voice quality of the patients at 12 and 18 months after the operation was significantly improved. The voice analysis showed that the maximum phonation time of the patients at 12 and 18 months after the operation increased. The basic frequency increased. The basic frequency perturbation, amplitude perturbation and standardized noise energy decreased significantly（P<0.05）. Conclusion:SVF-gel auto-transplantation can effectively improve the voice quality of unilateral vocal cord paralysis and the long-term effect is stable.

[Autologous fat granule filling combined with microsuture technique for sulcus vocalis].

Objective:To explore and observe voice effect of the resection of the vocal fold sulcus, suture of the vocal fold mucosa, and fat granule packing under the support laryngoscope. Methods:A total of 25 patients with vocal fold sulcus underwent vocal fold sulcus resection under a support laryngoscope. After the vocal fold sulcus was removed, the mucosa on both sides of the vocal fold sulcus was sutured into a pouch. Next the fat granules removed from the abdomen were stuffed into the pouch until the vocal folds were full, and the mucosa was repaired, and then the pouched mucosa was sutured. After the operation, the patients were silent for 2 weeks and followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively to observe the state of the vocal fold mucosa and the voice effect of the vocal fold under the stroboscopic laryngoscopy. The main outcome measures were the mucosal movement, fundamental frequency （F0）, fundamental frequency perturbation （Jitter）, amplitude perturbation （Shimmer）, normalized noise energy （NNE）, harmony/noise （H/N） and maximum phonation time （MPT）. Results: Among the 25 patients, 23 patients had good vocal fold closure and smooth mucosa. Under the stroboscopic laryngoscope, the mucosal movement was good and smooth, and the F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NNE, H/N, MPT were significantly improved, and the voice quality was significantly improved. The other 2 patients had fat particles spillover in the vocal fold. The voice function recovered well after the second treatment. Conclusion:Resection of vocal fold sulcus, suture of vocal fold mucosa, and fat granule packing under support laryngoscope are very effective for the treatment of vocal fold sulcus. Indispensably, the operation is done properly, and the patient silence the voice according to the doctor's advice, thus the voice quality will be satisfactory after the operation. .

Improved force prediction model for grinding Zerodur based on the comprehensive material removal mechanism.

There have been few investigations dealing with the force model on grinding brittle materials. However, the dynamic material removal mechanisms have not yet been sufficiently explicated through the grain-workpiece interaction statuses while considering the brittle material characteristics. This paper proposes an improved grinding force model for Zerodur, which contains ductile removal force, brittle removal force, and frictional force, corresponding to the ductile and brittle material removal phases, as well as the friction process, respectively. The critical uncut chip thickness agc of brittle-ductile transition and the maximum uncut chip thickness agmax of a single abrasive grain are calculated to identify the specified material removal mode, while the comparative result between agmax and agc can be applied to determine the selection of effective grinding force components. Subsequently, indentation fracture tests are carried out to acquire accurate material mechanical properties of Zerodur in establishing the brittle removal force model. Then, the experiments were conducted to derive the coefficients in the grinding force prediction model. Simulated through this model, correlations between the grinding force and grinding parameters can be predicted. Finally, three groups of grinding experiments are carried out to validate the mathematical grinding force model. The experimental results indicate that the improved model is capable of predicting the realistic grinding force accurately with the relative mean errors of 6.04% to the normal grinding force and 7.22% to the tangential grinding force, respectively.

Porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells can be differentially activated by vesicular stomatitis virus and its matrix protein mutants.

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) can cause serious vesicular lesions in pigs, and the matrix (M) protein is its predominant virulence factor. Dendritic cells (DCs) act as the bridge between innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the susceptibility of porcine DCs to VSV infection and the role of M protein in modulating the function of infected DCs are still poorly defined. Thus, this study aimed to determine the ability of virulent wild-type VSV(wtVSV) and two attenuated M protein variants (VSVΔM51 and VSVMT) to induce maturation of porcine monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) in vitro. It was found that both wtVSV and the M protein mutant VSVs could productively replicate in porcine MoDCs. Infection with wtVSV resulted in weak proinflammatory cytokine responses and interfered with DC maturation via downregulation of the costimulatory molecule complex CD80/86. Whilst VSVΔM51 could activate porcine MoDCs, VSVMT, a highly attenuated recombinant VSV with triple mutations in the M protein, induced a potent maturation of MoDCs, as evidenced by efficient cytokine induction, and upregulation of CD80/86 and MHC class II. Overall, our findings reveal that porcine MoDCs are differentially activated by VSV, dependent on the presence of a functional M protein. M protein plays a crucial role in modulating porcine DC-VSV interactions. The data further support the potential use of VSVMT as a vaccine vector for pigs.

[Treatment of recurrent laryngeal papilloma by submucosal resection and the effect on prognosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of submucosal resection by CO2 laser in the treatment of recurrent laryngeal papilloma and the effect on prognosis. METHOD: A total of 11 patients diagnosed as recurrent laryngeal papilloma were included in this review. Papilloma was marked before operation and checked under fibro-laryngoscope. Papilloma was resected completely including the submucosal tissure with CO2 laser or microequipment. In widespread papilloma, false membrane in raw surface were cleared 7-10 days after operation. Surgical specimens (including membrane) were detected by routine pathology, HPV typing and immunohistochemical pathologic examination. The patients were checked once a month in the first 3 months after operation, and then once for every 3 months. Once the hoarseness and other symptoms aggravated or the disease was recurrent, the patients were treated immediately. RESULT: HPV viral DNA was found in 10/11 cases, with HPV11 (7/11 cases) and HPV6 (3/11 cases). Cases with regards to follow-up, from 6 months to 1 year, 3 cases were followed up 1 year after operation, without recurrence. Five patients including 2 children were followed up 6 to 12 months after operation, without recurrence. Two children underwent 2 or 3 operations, were followed-up more than 6 months withouting recurrence. CONCLUSION: Papilloma submucosal resection could decrease postoperative recurrence and is worth to be further investigated.

[Clinical study on vocal cords spontaneous rehabilitation after CO2 laser surgery].

OBJECTIVE: To study the spontaneous rehabilitation and phonation quality of vocal cords after different types of CO2 laser microsurgery. METHOD: Surgical procedures based on Remacle system Type I, Type II, Type III, Type IV and Type V a respectively. Three hundred and fifteen cases with hoarseness based on strobe laryngoscopy results were prospectively assigned to different group according to vocal lesions apperence,vocal vibration and imaging of larynx CT/MRI. Each group holded 63 cases. The investigation included the vocal cords morphological features,the patients' subjective feelings and objective results of vocal cords. RESULT: There are no severe complications for all patients in perioperative period. Vocal scar found in Type I ,1 case; Type II, 9 cases ;Type III, 47 cases; Type IV, 61 cases and Type Va 63 cases respectively after surgery. The difference of Vocal scar formation after surgery between surgical procedures are statistical significance (χ2 = 222.24, P < 0.05). Hoarseness improved after the surgery in 59 cases of Type I , 51 cases of Type II, 43 cases of Type III, 21 cases of Type IV and 17 cases of Type Va. There are statistically significance (χ2 = 89.46, P < 0.05) between different surgical procedures. The parameters of strobe laryngoscope: there are statistical significance on jitter between procedures (F 44.51, P < 0.05), but without difference within Type I and Type II (P > 0.05). This happened in shimmer parameter and the maximum phonation time (MPT) as jitter. There are no statistical significance between Type IV and Type Va on MPT (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Morphological and functional rehabilitation of vocal cord will be affected obviously when the body layer is injured. The depth and range of the CO2 laser microsurgery are the key factors affecting the vocal rehabilitation.