In Silico Genome-Wide Analysis of B3 Transcription Factors in Cannabis sativa L.

Introduction: The B3 transcription factor has been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Solanum lycopersicum, among other species. This family of transcription factors regulates seed growth, development, and stress. Cannabis is a valuable crop with numerous applications; however, no B3 transcription factors have been identified in this plant. Materials and Methods: The cannabis B3 gene family was identified and analyzed using bioinformatics analysis tools, such as the NCBI database, plantTFDB website, TBtools, and MEGA software. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments were used to confirm its function. Results: The cannabis B3 family contains 65 members spread across 10 chromosomes. The isoelectric point ranged from 10.03 to 4.65, and the molecular weight ranged from 99,542.88 to 14,310.9 Da. Most of the members were found in the nucleus. The upstream promoter region of the gene contains a variety of cis-acting elements related to the stress response. RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR results showed that CsB3 genes were expressed differently in five organs of female Diku plants and in glandular hairs of nine distinct types of female cannabis inflorescences. Collinearity analysis revealed that there were more homologous genes between cannabis and dicotyledons than monocotyledonous plants, which was consistent with the evolutionary relationship. Conclusions: Hormones and external environmental factors might influence CsB3 expression. Furthermore, some genes such as CsB3-02, CsB3-07, CsB3-50, CsB3-62, and CsB3-65 may participate in cannabis growth and development and play a role in secondary metabolite synthesis. This study provides a solid foundation for further research into the gene function of the cannabis B3 family.

Surgical outcomes in acute dacryocystitis patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy with or without silicone tube intubation.

AIM: To establish the necessity of silicone tube intubation in acute dacryocystitis (AD) patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR). METHODS: Patients presenting with unilateral AD were randomly assigned to two treatment groups. En-DCR procedures were performed following lacrimal abscess formation, with the operation being performed with silicone intubation for patients in group B but not group A. Functional success was defined by an absence of additional AD episodes, no epiphora, and ostium patency as established via endoscopic evaluation or fluorescein irrigation. Operative success rates and demographic variables were compared between treatment groups. RESULTS: In total, 66 patients were analyzed in the present study (33 per group), with complete postoperative data having been successfully collected from 27 and 22 patients in group A and group B, respectively. All patients exhibited complete resolution of acute inflammation. Upon follow-up, granulation tissue was detected around the ostium at higher rates in group B (9/22, 40.9%) relative to group A (4/27, 14.8%). At the 12-month follow-up time point, patients in group A exhibited higher success rates (25/27, 92.6%) relative to patients in group B (20/22, 90.9%), but this difference was not significant. Cases of lacrimal passage reconstruction failure in both groups were attributed to excessive fibrous and/or granulation tissue formation proximal to the intranasal ostium. CONCLUSION: Given that these two operative approaches are associated with similar rates of operative success and in light of differences in granulation tissue formation, cost, and operative duration, these data do not support the routine silicone intubation of AD patients following En-DCR surgery.

New CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score predicts the no-reflow phenomenon after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND: The no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) is a serious complication of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and is an independent predictor of poor prognosis. We aimed to find a simple but effective risk stratification method for the prediction of NRP. METHODS: This retrospective single-center study included 454 consecutive patients diagnosed with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and treated by PPCI, who were admitted to our emergency department between January 2017 and March 2019. The patients were divided according to the post-PPCI thrombolysis in the myocardial infarction flow rate: the NRP group and the control group. The CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF scores were calculated for all the patients in this study, and multivariable regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to determine the independent predictors of NRP and the predictive value of the three scores. RESULTS: A total of 454 patients were analyzed in this study: 80 in the no-reflow group and 374 in the control group. The incidence of NRP was 17.6%. Creatine kinase-myocardial band, Killip class, stent length, and multivessel disease also independently predicted NRP. The CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score had a higher predictive value than the other two scores, and a CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score of ≥4 predicted NRP with a sensitivity of 72.5% and specificity of 66.5% (area under the curve: 0.755, 95% confidence interval [0.702-0.808]). CONCLUSION: Although the CHADS2, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF scores can all be used as simple tools to predict NRP, our findings show that the CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score had the highest predictive value. Thus, the CHA2DS2-VASc-HSF score may be an optimal tool for predicting high-risk patients.

Risk factors of community-associated infections in Chinese patients with diabetes: A meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the common sites and risk factors of community-associated infections in Chinese patients with diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Wanfang, CNKI, PUBMED and VIP databases restricting to Chinese patients with diabetes were queried without restriction to time period. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the risk factors of community-associated infections in Chinese patients with diabetes were considered. Polled odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used for each factor in fixed or random-effect meta-analyses. RESULTS: Twelve studies were identified that investigated seven risk factors of community-associated infections in Chinese patients with diabetes. The average infection incidence was 39.55%. The respiratory tract and urology tract were the predilection sites. Meta-analysis results are as follows: Diabetic patients with chronic complications (OR: 1.63; 95% CI 1.45-1.82), advanced age (OR: 1.30; 95% CI 1.19-1.42), longer duration (OR: 1.47; 95% CI 1.35-1.61) or ketoacidosis (OR: 1.37; 95% CI 1.13-1.66) were more prone to suffer from infections. Those with better glycemic control (OR: 0.68; 95% CI 0.61-0.76) or males (OR: 0.69; 95% CI 0.64-0.75) were less prone to suffer from infections. CONCLUSION: Chinese patients with diabetes had a high incidence of community-associated infections. We should highlight the risk factors that might provide a reference for the same.

SPOROCYTELESS is a novel embryophyte-specific transcription repressor that interacts with TPL and TCP proteins in Arabidopsis.

Germlines in plants are formed de novo during post-embryonic development, while little is known about the mechanism that controls this process. In Arabidopsis, the earliest gene controlling this process is SPOROCYTELESS (SPL). A decade ago, we showed that loss of SPL function abolished sporogenesis in both male and female organs of Arabidopsis. However, its function is unclear up to now. In this study, we showed that SPL belongs to a novel transcription repressor family specific in embryophyte, which consists of 173 members in the land plants so far. All of them contain a conserved SPL-motif in their N-terminal and an ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif in the C-terminal, therefore designated as SPL-like, EAR-containing proteins (SPEARs). Consistently, SPL acts as a transcriptional repressor in yeast and tobacco cells, and SPEAR proteins are able to form homodimer and/or heterodimer with each other in vitro. Furthermore, SPEARs interact with the TOPLESS (TPL) co-repressors via the EAR motif and TCP family transcription factors in yeast cells. Together, we propose that SPL and SPEARs most likely belong to a novel transcription repressor family in land plants which may play a variety of developmental roles in plants.