ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study is to find out the trend of smoking rates among Beijing residents since the implementation of "Rules of Smoking Cessation in Public in Beijing" and to compare the data collected from 1997 and 2001. METHODS: Residents of Beijing, aged above 15 in a family were sampled by stratified sampling, and 4 districts were selected as the study locales. RESULTS: The over smoking rate of Beijing residents decreased by 7.6 percent with male smoking rate decreased by 13.03% and the female smoking rate ascended by 0.14% during that period. CONCLUSION: The smoking rate among residents of Beijing was decreasing which partly giving the credit to the implementation of the "Rules of Smoking Cessation in Public in Beijing".
Subject(s)
Smoking/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , China/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore the status of clenbuterol pollution in swine products in Beijing city in 2002. METHODS: European Union method (EUR 15127-EN Cy2.3) was adopted to examine the samples. Samples were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by GC-MS. Detected limit of the method was 0.5 micro g/kg. Samples, including lung, liver, pork, kidney and urine of swine, were collected from slaughterhouses, refrigeratories and markets in 11 districts of Beijing. RESULTS: The results indicated that 185 out of 1 379 samples were positive with an annual positive rate of 13.4%. The highest was 15.7% in lung of swine, followed by urine 15.2% and pork liver 14.0%. CONCLUSION: Rates of detection had decreased from 30.0% to 2.7% during 2002.
