ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal cancer has been documented approximately; however, several series of molecular mechanisms still require elucidation. METHODOLOGY: Fifteen colonoscopic biopsy and 25 colectomy colorectal cancer samples, 12 hyperplastic colon polyps, and 18 tubular and 19 villous adenoma cases were studied. Apoptotic markers, such as Bag-1, survivin, and Bak, were used for staining, and relationships between stain features, clinical and prognostic factors, and polyp and tumor staining features were examined. RESULTS: Significantly different staining patterns were observed between polyps and carcinomas. In tumor cells cytoplasmic Bag-1 expression was increased. As tumor differentiation degree tumor decreased, supranuclear granular staining features of Bcl-xl and Bak disappeared at a higher rate. With Bak, decrease of supranuclear granular staining was also related to vessel and nerve invasion, and tumor location. Survivin was expressed mostly in tumor cells, and sites with high inflammatory infiltration and vessel proliferation, where vessel endothelia were selectively stained. CONCLUSIONS: Cytoplasmic staining of Bag-1 can be considered an indicator of tumor progression. Decrease of supranuclear granular staining with Bak and Bcl-xl, and survivin expression, can be used as indicators of poor prognosis. Survivin expression can also be used as a vessel marker.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Colonic Polyps/metabolism , DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism , Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism , Transcription Factors/metabolism , bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Case-Control Studies , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Colonic Polyps/pathology , Female , Humans , Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness , SurvivinABSTRACT
Cholesterol granuloma is usually associated with middle ear disease and is very rare in the paranasal sinuses. We report a case of cholesterol granuloma originating in the maxillary sinus of a 36-year-old female. Endoscopic sinus surgery was performed on the left maxillary, sinus, and the cholesterol granuloma was successfully removed by the middle meatal antrostomy.
Subject(s)
Cholesterol , Granuloma/diagnosis , Maxillary Sinus/physiopathology , Adult , Endoscopy , Female , Granuloma/pathology , Granuloma/surgery , Humans , Maxillary Sinus/surgeryABSTRACT
Microvesicular pneumatosis intestinalis, also called "pseudolipomatosis" for resembling fatty infiltration, is characterized by the presence of small gas voids in the gastrointestinal wall, especially in mucosa. These voids are not lined with epithelia. There are few reported cases about colon, duodenum and skin. Because there is only one case report about pseudolipomatosis in the stomach, we re-evaluated 909 endoscopic biopsies taken from gastric corpus to check the presence of pseudolipomatosis. We determined pseudolipomatosis foci in 3 percent (n=27) of biopsies. In two cases there were pseudolipomatosis foci in endoscopic biopsies having otherwise normal histologic findings, while there were pseudolipomatosis foci in endoscopic biopsies of 25 patients with gastritis. H pylori was found in 85% of biopsies having pseudolipomatosis foci. In this study, we presented some histopathologic characteristics of pseudolipomatosis seen in gastric mucosa.
