Impact of depth of invasion on local recurrence in R0 resected node-negative oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the impact of depth of invasion (DOI) on local recurrence (LR) in node-negative oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS: Fifty-one patients were retrospectively reviewed from an institutional database. Patients were evaluated for local control (LC). Cox-proportional hazards modeling was used to calculate hazard ratios. RESULTS: There were 84.3% T1/2 and 15.7% T3/4 classification tumors. The 3-year overall survival rate was 97.9%. Local failure rate was 5.7% with a 3-year LC of 93.6%. On Univariate analysis, increased hazard of LR was noted with each unit increase in DOI (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.07-1.83, p = 0.014). Age, sex, T classification, margins ≥5 mm, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI), and adjuvant treatment were not associated with LR. On Multivariate analysis, adjusting for age and adjuvant treatment, results for DOI remained significant (aHR 1.46, 95% CI 1.08-1.98, p = 0.013). CONCLUSION: On evaluation of our institutional dataset increasing DOI was associated with increased hazard of local recurrence with oral tongue SCC.

Diatoms: A novel cause of granulomatous inflammation of the head and neck.

OBJECTIVE: We report the first 4 cases of intraoral nonnecrotizing granulomatous foreign body reactions to diatoms, plausibly as a result of exogenous material introduced following iatrogenic or traumatic injury. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical and histopathologic findings of 4 intraoral cases of nonnecrotizing granulomatous foreign body reaction to diatoms, single-celled algae belonging to the taxonomic phylum Bacillariophyta, are reported. RESULTS: The lesions presented either in the jaws or in the soft tissue overlying the alveolar bone, in some instances mimicking an inflammatory lesion of odontogenic etiology. Microscopically, the lesions presented as nonnecrotizing granulomatous inflammation associated with either spherical and radially symmetric or rectangular and bilaterally symmetric diatomaceous foreign material. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of a diatom-associated foreign body reaction necessitates familiarization with the histopathologic features of these organisms to accurately characterize the nature of such lesions.

Retraction notice to Plexin-B1 and Semaphorin 4D Cooperate to Promote Perineural Invasion in a RhoA/ROK-Dependent Manner Am J Pathol 180 (2012) 1232-1242.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article is being retracted following correspondence from the Office of Accountability and Compliance at the University of Maryland, Baltimore. An internal investigation into this manuscript by the University of Maryland, Baltimore, found evidence that there are errors with the presentation of the standard deviations and statistical significance shown in Figure 6 which are not supported by the original data, and that these inaccuracies warrant retraction to correct the scientific record. Despite extensive efforts, the journal was unable to contact Dr. Ying-hua Yang and Dr. Hua Zhou with regard to this retraction.

Idiopathic gingival papillokeratosis with crypt formation, a report of 7 cases of a previously undescribed entity: possible unusual oral epithelial nevus?

We report 7 cases of hitherto undescribed keratotic papillary plaques of uncertain etiology involving the gingiva. All 7 cases presented on the anterior maxillary attached gingiva of patients in the second decade. The lesions were asymptomatic and 86% (6 of 7 cases) presented in a bilateral symmetric distribution. Microscopically, the lesions exhibited parakeratosis and papillary acanthosis with parakeratin-filled crypts. No specific etiology such as a factitial habit or a common exogenous agent has been identified. The possibility of a developmental etiology such as an oral epithelial nevus cannot be entirely excluded. We propose the descriptive term idiopathic gingival papillokeratosis with crypt formation (IGPC) for this condition.

Plexin-B1 and semaphorin 4D cooperate to promote perineural invasion in a RhoA/ROK-dependent manner.

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a tropism of tumor cells for nerve bundles located in the surrounding stroma. It is a pathological feature observed in certain tumors, referred to as neurotropic malignancies, that severely limits the ability to establish local control of disease and results in pain, recurrent growth, and distant metastases. Despite the importance of PNI as a prognostic indicator, its biological mechanisms are poorly understood. The semaphorins and their receptors, the plexins, compose a family of proteins originally shown to be important in nerve cell adhesion, axon migration, and proper central nervous system development. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that these factors are expressed in tissues outside of the nervous system and represent a widespread signal transduction system that is involved in the regulation of motility and adhesion in different cell types. We believe that the plexins and semaphorins, which are strongly expressed in both axons and many carcinomas, play a role in PNI. In this study, we show that plexin-B1 is overexpressed in tissues and cell lines from neurotropic malignancies and is attracted to nerves that express its ligand, semaphorin 4D, in a Rho/Rho kinase-dependent manner. We also demonstrate that nerves are attracted to tumors through this same system of proteins, suggesting that both plexin-B1 and semaphorin 4D are important in the promotion of PNI.

Intraoral removal of a giant submandibular sialolith obstructing Wharton's duct: a case report.

Sialolithiasis is one of the most common pathologies of the submandibular gland; sialoliths account for about 80 percent of all salivary duct calculi. This report presents the unusual case of a large asymptomatic sialolith of the submandibular duct, initially diagnosed as a possible tumor. The giant sialolith was removed via an intraoral approach under local anesthesia. The etiology, pathogenesis, and management of such giant sialoliths are discussed.